ci: fall through to another Ubuntu mirror when one is unreachable (#10828)

The e2e image pointed both archive and security at azure.archive.ubuntu.com and
nothing else, and the samba and pjdfstest images inherit that list. When Azure
is unreachable the build has nowhere to go: Acquire::Retries just retries a dead
host, every package fails, and apt exits 100 before a single test runs. Two
different workflows lost runs to it tonight.

Install through a helper that starts from the pristine sources.list each time
and walks a list of mirrors, so Azure stays the preferred one - the reason it
was pinned in the first place - without being the only one.

Verified both paths against a real build: the normal one installs from Azure,
and with the first entry pointed at an unroutable host the fallback logs the
skip and installs from archive.ubuntu.com.

docker/Dockerfile.e2e

@@ -2,25 +2,21 @@ FROM ubuntu:22.04
 
 LABEL author="Chris Lu"
 
-# Use Azure's Ubuntu mirror — much faster than archive.ubuntu.com from GitHub-hosted runners,
-# which have been hanging long enough on Ign:/retry to trip the 10-min step timeout.
 # Note: This e2e test image intentionally runs as root for simplicity and compatibility.
 # Production images (Dockerfile.go_build) use proper user isolation with su-exec.
 # For testing purposes, running as root avoids permission complexities and dependency
 # on Alpine-specific tools like su-exec (not available in Ubuntu repos).
-RUN sed -i 's|http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu|http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu|g; s|http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu|http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu|g' /etc/apt/sources.list && \
-    apt-get -o Acquire::http::Timeout=15 update && \
-    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -o Acquire::http::Timeout=15 install -y \
-    --no-install-recommends \
-    --no-install-suggests \
-    curl \
-    fio \
-    fuse \
-    ca-certificates \
-    && apt-get clean \
-    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
-    && rm -rf /tmp/* \
-    && rm -rf /var/tmp/*
+
+# apt-install prefers Azure's mirror, which archive.ubuntu.com is slow enough from
+# GitHub-hosted runners to justify, and falls through to archive.ubuntu.com when
+# Azure is unreachable - which it periodically is, and Acquire::Retries against a
+# single mirror just retries a dead host. Images built FROM this one install
+# through it for the same reason.
+COPY apt-install /usr/local/bin/apt-install
+RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/apt-install && \
+    apt-install curl fio fuse ca-certificates && \
+    rm -rf /tmp/* /var/tmp/*
+
 RUN mkdir -p /etc/seaweedfs /data/filerldb2
 
 COPY ./weed /usr/bin/