vector: publish native macOS and Windows engines and installer support (#12523)

* ci: build, test, and publish vector engines for macOS and Windows

* installer: install native vector archives on macOS and Windows

* ci: run desktop vector checks for shared Rust and protobuf changes

* ci: publish vector releases from a separate job with write permissions

* ci: build tagged vector releases without restoring caches

* ci: propagate Windows bash path conversion failures

test/installer/test_vector.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import io
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import subprocess
+import tarfile
+import tempfile
+import unittest
+import zipfile
+
+SOURCE = (Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2] / 'install.sh').read_text().rsplit('\nmain\n', 1)[0]
+BASH = os.environ.get('BASH_BINARY', 'bash')
+
+
+class VectorInstallerTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    def shell(self, code, **env):
+        return subprocess.run([BASH, '-c', SOURCE + '\n' + code], env=dict(os.environ, **env),
+                              text=True, capture_output=True)
+
+    def test_platforms_and_asset_names(self):
+        for system, arch, supported, suffix in [
+            ('linux', 'amd64', True, 'tar.gz'), ('linux', 'arm64', True, 'tar.gz'),
+            ('darwin', 'amd64', True, 'tar.gz'), ('darwin', 'arm64', True, 'tar.gz'),
+            ('windows', 'amd64', True, 'zip'), ('windows', 'arm64', False, 'zip'),
+            ('freebsd', 'amd64', False, 'tar.gz'),
+        ]:
+            with self.subTest(system=system, arch=arch):
+                result = self.shell('vector_platform_supported "$SYSTEM" "$ARCH"; result=$?; '
+                                    'vector_asset_name "$SYSTEM" "$ARCH"; exit "$result"', SYSTEM=system, ARCH=arch)
+                if supported:
+                    self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
+                    self.assertEqual(result.stdout.strip(), f'weed-vector_{system}_{arch}.{suffix}')
+                else:
+                    self.assertNotEqual(result.returncode, 0)
+
+    def test_installs_archive_binary(self):
+        for system in ['linux', 'darwin', 'windows']:
+            with self.subTest(system=system), tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as directory:
+                directory = Path(directory)
+                name = 'weed-vector.exe' if system == 'windows' else 'weed-vector'
+                contents = b'vector engine fixture'
+                archive = directory / ('vector.zip' if system == 'windows' else 'vector.tar.gz')
+                if system == 'windows':
+                    with zipfile.ZipFile(archive, 'w') as output:
+                        output.writestr(name, contents)
+                else:
+                    with tarfile.open(archive, 'w:gz') as output:
+                        info = tarfile.TarInfo(name)
+                        info.size = len(contents)
+                        info.mode = 0o755
+                        output.addfile(info, io.BytesIO(contents))
+                dest = directory / 'bin'
+                result = self.shell('download() { cp "$ARCHIVE" "$2"; }; VERSION=test; '
+                                    'INSTALL_DIR="$DEST"; install_component vector "$SYSTEM" amd64',
+                                    ARCHIVE=archive.as_posix(), DEST=dest.as_posix(), SYSTEM=system)
+                self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stdout + result.stderr)
+                self.assertEqual((dest / name).read_bytes(), contents)