package policy

/*
 * MinIO Cloud Storage, (C) 2015, 2016, 2017 MinIO, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"reflect"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

// startWithConds - map which indicates if a given condition supports starts-with policy operator
var startsWithConds = map[string]bool{
	"$acl":                     true,
	"$bucket":                  false,
	"$cache-control":           true,
	"$content-type":            true,
	"$content-disposition":     true,
	"$content-encoding":        true,
	"$expires":                 true,
	"$key":                     true,
	"$success_action_redirect": true,
	"$redirect":                true,
	"$success_action_status":   false,
	"$x-amz-algorithm":         false,
	"$x-amz-credential":        false,
	"$x-amz-date":              false,
}

// Add policy conditionals.
const (
	policyCondEqual         = "eq"
	policyCondStartsWith    = "starts-with"
	policyCondContentLength = "content-length-range"
)

// toString - Safely convert interface to string without causing panic.
func toString(val interface{}) string {
	switch v := val.(type) {
	case string:
		return v
	default:
		return ""
	}
}

// toLowerString - safely convert interface to lower string
func toLowerString(val interface{}) string {
	return strings.ToLower(toString(val))
}

// toInteger _ Safely convert interface to integer without causing panic.
func toInteger(val interface{}) (int64, error) {
	switch v := val.(type) {
	case float64:
		return int64(v), nil
	case int64:
		return v, nil
	case int:
		return int64(v), nil
	case string:
		i, err := strconv.Atoi(v)
		return int64(i), err
	default:
		return 0, errors.New("Invalid number format")
	}
}

// isString - Safely check if val is of type string without causing panic.
func isString(val interface{}) bool {
	_, ok := val.(string)
	return ok
}

// ContentLengthRange - policy content-length-range field.
type contentLengthRange struct {
	Min   int64
	Max   int64
	Valid bool // If content-length-range was part of policy
}

// PostPolicyForm provides strict static type conversion and validation for Amazon S3's POST policy JSON string.
type PostPolicyForm struct {
	Expiration time.Time // Expiration date and time of the POST policy.
	Conditions struct {  // Conditional policy structure.
		Policies []struct {
			Operator string
			Key      string
			Value    string
		}
		ContentLengthRange contentLengthRange
	}
}

// ParsePostPolicyForm - Parse JSON policy string into typed PostPolicyForm structure.
func ParsePostPolicyForm(policy string) (ppf PostPolicyForm, e error) {
	// Convert po into interfaces and
	// perform strict type conversion using reflection.
	var rawPolicy struct {
		Expiration string        `json:"expiration"`
		Conditions []interface{} `json:"conditions"`
	}

	err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(policy), &rawPolicy)
	if err != nil {
		return ppf, err
	}

	parsedPolicy := PostPolicyForm{}

	// Parse expiry time.
	parsedPolicy.Expiration, err = time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, rawPolicy.Expiration)
	if err != nil {
		return ppf, err
	}

	// Parse conditions.
	for _, val := range rawPolicy.Conditions {
		switch condt := val.(type) {
		case map[string]interface{}: // Handle key:value map types.
			for k, v := range condt {
				if !isString(v) { // Pre-check value type.
					// All values must be of type string.
					return parsedPolicy, fmt.Errorf("Unknown type %s of conditional field value %s found in POST policy form", reflect.TypeOf(condt).String(), condt)
				}
				// {"acl": "public-read" } is an alternate way to indicate - [ "eq", "$acl", "public-read" ]
				// In this case we will just collapse this into "eq" for all use cases.
				parsedPolicy.Conditions.Policies = append(parsedPolicy.Conditions.Policies, struct {
					Operator string
					Key      string
					Value    string
				}{
					policyCondEqual, "$" + strings.ToLower(k), toString(v),
				})
			}
		case []interface{}: // Handle array types.
			if len(condt) != 3 { // Return error if we have insufficient elements.
				return parsedPolicy, fmt.Errorf("Malformed conditional fields %s of type %s found in POST policy form", condt, reflect.TypeOf(condt).String())
			}
			switch toLowerString(condt[0]) {
			case policyCondEqual, policyCondStartsWith:
				for _, v := range condt { // Pre-check all values for type.
					if !isString(v) {
						// All values must be of type string.
						return parsedPolicy, fmt.Errorf("Unknown type %s of conditional field value %s found in POST policy form", reflect.TypeOf(condt).String(), condt)
					}
				}
				operator, matchType, value := toLowerString(condt[0]), toLowerString(condt[1]), toString(condt[2])
				if !strings.HasPrefix(matchType, "$") {
					return parsedPolicy, fmt.Errorf("Invalid according to Policy: Policy Condition failed: [%s, %s, %s]", operator, matchType, value)
				}
				parsedPolicy.Conditions.Policies = append(parsedPolicy.Conditions.Policies, struct {
					Operator string
					Key      string
					Value    string
				}{
					operator, matchType, value,
				})
			case policyCondContentLength:
				min, err := toInteger(condt[1])
				if err != nil {
					return parsedPolicy, err
				}

				max, err := toInteger(condt[2])
				if err != nil {
					return parsedPolicy, err
				}

				parsedPolicy.Conditions.ContentLengthRange = contentLengthRange{
					Min:   min,
					Max:   max,
					Valid: true,
				}
			default:
				// Condition should be valid.
				return parsedPolicy, fmt.Errorf("Unknown type %s of conditional field value %s found in POST policy form",
					reflect.TypeOf(condt).String(), condt)
			}
		default:
			return parsedPolicy, fmt.Errorf("Unknown field %s of type %s found in POST policy form",
				condt, reflect.TypeOf(condt).String())
		}
	}
	return parsedPolicy, nil
}

// checkPolicyCond returns a boolean to indicate if a condition is satisfied according
// to the passed operator
func checkPolicyCond(op string, input1, input2 string) bool {
	switch op {
	case policyCondEqual:
		return input1 == input2
	case policyCondStartsWith:
		return strings.HasPrefix(input1, input2)
	}
	return false
}

// xAmzPrefixRule captures a starts-with policy condition whose key ends in
// "-" and therefore matches a prefix of form field names, e.g.
// ["starts-with","$x-amz-meta-","pfx-"]. Any form field whose name starts
// with namePrefix must have a value starting with valuePrefix.
type xAmzPrefixRule struct {
	policyKey   string
	namePrefix  string
	valuePrefix string
}

// postPolicyAuthFields enumerates the X-Amz-* form fields that clients are
// required to send with every POST Object request for signing/authentication.
// These must be accepted even when no matching policy condition is declared.
var postPolicyAuthFields = map[string]bool{
	"X-Amz-Signature":      true,
	"X-Amz-Credential":     true,
	"X-Amz-Algorithm":      true,
	"X-Amz-Date":           true,
	"X-Amz-Security-Token": true,
}

// CheckPostPolicy - apply policy conditions and validate input values.
// (http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/sigv4-HTTPPOSTConstructPolicy.html)
func CheckPostPolicy(formValues http.Header, postPolicyForm PostPolicyForm) error {
	// Check if policy document expiry date is still not reached
	if !postPolicyForm.Expiration.After(time.Now().UTC()) {
		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid according to Policy: Policy expired")
	}
	// Track $x-amz-* policy conditions in canonical form. A starts-with
	// condition on a key that itself ends with "-" (e.g.
	// ["starts-with","$x-amz-meta-","pfx-"]) is the AWS convention for
	// allowing any form field sharing that name prefix; capture the name
	// prefix together with its required value prefix so the extras check
	// can both accept matching fields and enforce the value constraint.
	policyXAmzKeys := make(map[string]bool)
	var policyXAmzPrefixes []xAmzPrefixRule
	for _, policy := range postPolicyForm.Conditions.Policies {
		if !strings.HasPrefix(policy.Key, "$x-amz-") {
			continue
		}
		formCanonicalName := http.CanonicalHeaderKey(strings.TrimPrefix(policy.Key, "$"))
		if policy.Operator == policyCondStartsWith && strings.HasSuffix(policy.Key, "-") {
			policyXAmzPrefixes = append(policyXAmzPrefixes, xAmzPrefixRule{
				policyKey:   policy.Key,
				namePrefix:  formCanonicalName,
				valuePrefix: policy.Value,
			})
			continue
		}
		policyXAmzKeys[formCanonicalName] = true
	}
	// Reject any X-Amz-* form field that has no matching policy condition,
	// except for the reserved auth/signing fields clients must always send.
	// A field may be covered by an exact-key condition, by any number of
	// prefix-stem rules, or both. Check every applicable rule: AWS requires
	// all matching conditions to be satisfied, so exact-match coverage does
	// not let a field skip the value-prefix enforcement of overlapping
	// starts-with stems, and multiple stems on the same field must all hold.
	// Prefix-stem conditions are then skipped in the main loop below because
	// no single form field corresponds to the prefix itself.
	for key := range formValues {
		if !strings.HasPrefix(key, "X-Amz-") {
			continue
		}
		if postPolicyAuthFields[key] {
			continue
		}
		matched := policyXAmzKeys[key]
		for _, rule := range policyXAmzPrefixes {
			if !strings.HasPrefix(key, rule.namePrefix) {
				continue
			}
			matched = true
			if !strings.HasPrefix(formValues.Get(key), rule.valuePrefix) {
				return fmt.Errorf("Invalid according to Policy: Policy Condition failed: [%s, %s, %s]", policyCondStartsWith, rule.policyKey, rule.valuePrefix)
			}
		}
		if !matched {
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid according to Policy: Extra input fields: %s", key)
		}
	}

	// Flag to indicate if all policies conditions are satisfied
	var condPassed bool

	// Iterate over policy conditions and check them against received form fields
	for _, policy := range postPolicyForm.Conditions.Policies {
		// Form fields names are in canonical format, convert conditions names
		// to canonical for simplification purpose, so `$key` will become `Key`
		formCanonicalName := http.CanonicalHeaderKey(strings.TrimPrefix(policy.Key, "$"))
		// Operator for the current policy condition
		op := policy.Operator
		// Prefix-stem x-amz-* conditions (key ending in "-" with starts-with)
		// are validated above against every matching form field; skip them
		// here so we do not fail on the non-existent literal form field whose
		// name equals the prefix itself.
		if strings.HasPrefix(policy.Key, "$x-amz-") && op == policyCondStartsWith && strings.HasSuffix(policy.Key, "-") {
			continue
		}
		// If the current policy condition is known
		if startsWithSupported, condFound := startsWithConds[policy.Key]; condFound {
			// Check if the current condition supports starts-with operator
			if op == policyCondStartsWith && !startsWithSupported {
				return fmt.Errorf("Invalid according to Policy: Policy Condition failed")
			}
			// Check if current policy condition is satisfied
			condPassed = checkPolicyCond(op, formValues.Get(formCanonicalName), policy.Value)
			if !condPassed {
				return fmt.Errorf("Invalid according to Policy: Policy Condition failed")
			}
		} else if strings.HasPrefix(policy.Key, "$x-amz-") {
			// Check if policy condition is satisfied
			condPassed = checkPolicyCond(op, formValues.Get(formCanonicalName), policy.Value)
			if !condPassed {
				return fmt.Errorf("Invalid according to Policy: Policy Condition failed: [%s, %s, %s]", op, policy.Key, policy.Value)
			}
		} else {
			// Unknown condition key: neither in startsWithConds nor a $x-amz-*
			// prefixed key. AWS rejects these outright instead of silently
			// treating the condition as satisfied.
			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid according to Policy: Policy Condition failed: [%s, %s, %s]: unknown condition key", op, policy.Key, policy.Value)
		}
	}

	return nil
}