seaweedfs/test/s3/policy/policy_test.go

package policy

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"path/filepath"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws"
	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws/awserr"
	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws/credentials"
	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/aws/session"
	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/service/iam"
	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go/service/s3"
	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/test/testutil"
	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/test/volume_server/framework"
	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/command"
	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/pb"
	flag "github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/util/fla9"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
)

// TestCluster manages the weed mini instance for integration testing
type TestCluster struct {
	dataDir        string
	ctx            context.Context
	cancel         context.CancelFunc
	isRunning      bool
	wg             sync.WaitGroup
	masterPort     int
	masterGrpcPort int
	volumePort     int
	filerPort      int
	filerGrpcPort  int
	s3Port         int
	s3Endpoint     string
	rustVolumeCmd  *exec.Cmd
}

func TestS3PolicyShellRevised(t *testing.T) {
	if testing.Short() {
		t.Skip("Skipping integration test in short mode")
	}
	cluster, err := startMiniCluster(t)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer cluster.Stop()

	policyContent := `{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[{"Effect":"Allow","Action":"*","Resource":"*"}]}`
	tmpPolicyFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "test_policy_*.json")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Failed to create temp policy file: %v", err)
	}
	defer os.Remove(tmpPolicyFile.Name())
	_, err = tmpPolicyFile.WriteString(policyContent)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NoError(t, tmpPolicyFile.Close())

	weedCmd := "weed"
	masterAddr := string(pb.NewServerAddress("127.0.0.1", cluster.masterPort, cluster.masterGrpcPort))
	filerAddr := string(pb.NewServerAddress("127.0.0.1", cluster.filerPort, cluster.filerGrpcPort))

	// Put
	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, fmt.Sprintf("s3.policy -put -name=testpolicy -file=%s", tmpPolicyFile.Name()))

	// List
	out := execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.policy -list")
	if !contains(out, "Name: testpolicy") {
		t.Errorf("List failed: %s", out)
	}

	// Get
	out = execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.policy -get -name=testpolicy")
	if !contains(out, "Statement") {
		t.Errorf("Get failed: %s", out)
	}

	// Delete
	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.policy -delete -name=testpolicy")

	// Verify
	out = execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.policy -list")
	if contains(out, "Name: testpolicy") {
		t.Errorf("delete failed, policy 'testpolicy' should not be in the list: %s", out)
	}
	// Verify s3.configure linking policies
	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure -user=test -actions=Read -policies=testpolicy -apply")
	out = execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure")
	if !contains(out, "\"policyNames\": [\n    \"testpolicy\"\n  ]") {
		// relaxed check
		if !contains(out, "\"testpolicy\"") || !contains(out, "policyNames") {
			t.Errorf("s3.configure failed to link policy: %s", out)
		}
	}

	// 1. Update User: Add Write action
	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure -user=test -actions=Write -apply")
	out = execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure")
	if !contains(out, "Write") {
		t.Errorf("s3.configure failed to add Write action: %s", out)
	}

	// 2. Granular Delete: Delete Read action
	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure -user=test -actions=Read -delete -apply")
	out = execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure")
	if contains(out, "\"Read\"") { // Quote to avoid matching partial words if any
		t.Errorf("s3.configure failed to delete Read action: %s", out)
	}
	if !contains(out, "Write") {
		t.Errorf("s3.configure deleted Write action unnecessarily: %s", out)
	}

	// 3. Access Key Management
	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure -user=test -access_key=testkey -secret_key=testsecret -apply")
	out = execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure")
	if !contains(out, "testkey") {
		t.Errorf("s3.configure failed to add access key: %s", out)
	}

	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure -user=test -access_key=testkey -delete -apply")
	out = execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure")
	if contains(out, "testkey") {
		t.Errorf("s3.configure failed to delete access key: %s", out)
	}

	// 4. Delete User
	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure -user=test -delete -apply")
	out = execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, "s3.configure")
	if contains(out, "\"Name\": \"test\"") {
		t.Errorf("s3.configure failed to delete user: %s", out)
	}
}

func TestS3IAMAttachDetachUserPolicy(t *testing.T) {
	if testing.Short() {
		t.Skip("Skipping integration test in short mode")
	}

	cluster, err := startMiniCluster(t)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer cluster.Stop()

	time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)

	policyName := uniqueName("managed-policy")
	policyArn := fmt.Sprintf("arn:aws:iam:::policy/%s", policyName)
	policyContent := `{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[{"Effect":"Allow","Action":"*","Resource":"*"}]}`
	tmpPolicyFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "test_policy_attach_*.json")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer os.Remove(tmpPolicyFile.Name())
	_, err = tmpPolicyFile.WriteString(policyContent)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NoError(t, tmpPolicyFile.Close())

	weedCmd := "weed"
	masterAddr := string(pb.NewServerAddress("127.0.0.1", cluster.masterPort, cluster.masterGrpcPort))
	filerAddr := string(pb.NewServerAddress("127.0.0.1", cluster.filerPort, cluster.filerGrpcPort))
	execShell(t, weedCmd, masterAddr, filerAddr, fmt.Sprintf("s3.policy -put -name=%s -file=%s", policyName, tmpPolicyFile.Name()))

	iamClient := newIAMClient(t, cluster.s3Endpoint)

	userName := uniqueName("iam-user")
	_, err = iamClient.CreateUser(&iam.CreateUserInput{UserName: aws.String(userName)})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	_, err = iamClient.AttachUserPolicy(&iam.AttachUserPolicyInput{
		UserName:  aws.String(userName),
		PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	listOut, err := iamClient.ListAttachedUserPolicies(&iam.ListAttachedUserPoliciesInput{
		UserName: aws.String(userName),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, attachedPolicyContains(listOut.AttachedPolicies, policyName))

	_, err = iamClient.DetachUserPolicy(&iam.DetachUserPolicyInput{
		UserName:  aws.String(userName),
		PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	listOut, err = iamClient.ListAttachedUserPolicies(&iam.ListAttachedUserPoliciesInput{
		UserName: aws.String(userName),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.False(t, attachedPolicyContains(listOut.AttachedPolicies, policyName))

	_, err = iamClient.AttachUserPolicy(&iam.AttachUserPolicyInput{
		UserName:  aws.String(userName),
		PolicyArn: aws.String("arn:aws:iam:::policy/does-not-exist"),
	})
	require.Error(t, err)
	if awsErr, ok := err.(awserr.Error); ok {
		require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
	}
}

func TestS3IAMListPoliciesAndGetPolicy(t *testing.T) {
	if testing.Short() {
		t.Skip("Skipping integration test in short mode")
	}

	cluster, err := startMiniCluster(t)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer cluster.Stop()

	time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)

	policyName := uniqueName("managed-policy")
	policyArn := fmt.Sprintf("arn:aws:iam:::policy/%s", policyName)
	policyContent := `{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[{"Effect":"Allow","Action":"s3:ListAllMyBuckets","Resource":"*"}]}`

	iamClient := newIAMClient(t, cluster.s3Endpoint)
	_, err = iamClient.CreatePolicy(&iam.CreatePolicyInput{
		PolicyName:     aws.String(policyName),
		PolicyDocument: aws.String(policyContent),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	listOut, err := iamClient.ListPolicies(&iam.ListPoliciesInput{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, managedPolicyContains(listOut.Policies, policyName))

	getOut, err := iamClient.GetPolicy(&iam.GetPolicyInput{PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn)})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, getOut.Policy)
	require.NotNil(t, getOut.Policy.PolicyName)
	require.Equal(t, policyName, *getOut.Policy.PolicyName)

	missingArn := fmt.Sprintf("arn:aws:iam:::policy/%s", uniqueName("missing"))
	_, err = iamClient.GetPolicy(&iam.GetPolicyInput{PolicyArn: aws.String(missingArn)})
	require.Error(t, err)
	var awsErr awserr.Error
	require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
	require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
}

func TestS3IAMDeletePolicyInUse(t *testing.T) {
	if testing.Short() {
		t.Skip("Skipping integration test in short mode")
	}

	cluster, err := startMiniCluster(t)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer cluster.Stop()

	time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)

	policyName := uniqueName("managed-delete-policy")
	policyArn := fmt.Sprintf("arn:aws:iam:::policy/%s", policyName)
	policyContent := `{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[{"Effect":"Allow","Action":"s3:*","Resource":"*"}]}`

	iamClient := newIAMClient(t, cluster.s3Endpoint)
	_, err = iamClient.CreatePolicy(&iam.CreatePolicyInput{
		PolicyName:     aws.String(policyName),
		PolicyDocument: aws.String(policyContent),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	userName := uniqueName("iam-user-delete-policy")
	_, err = iamClient.CreateUser(&iam.CreateUserInput{UserName: aws.String(userName)})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	_, err = iamClient.AttachUserPolicy(&iam.AttachUserPolicyInput{
		UserName:  aws.String(userName),
		PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	_, err = iamClient.DeletePolicy(&iam.DeletePolicyInput{PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn)})
	require.Error(t, err)
	var awsErr awserr.Error
	require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
	require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeDeleteConflictException, awsErr.Code())
}

func TestS3MultipartOperationsInheritPutObjectPermissions(t *testing.T) {
	if testing.Short() {
		t.Skip("Skipping integration test in short mode")
	}

	cluster, err := startMiniCluster(t)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer cluster.Stop()

	time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)

	// Create a policy with only s3:PutObject permission
	// This should implicitly allow multipart upload operations (CreateMultipartUpload,
	// UploadPart, CompleteMultipartUpload, AbortMultipartUpload, ListBucketMultipartUploads, ListMultipartUploadParts)
	policyName := uniqueName("putobject-policy")
	policyArn := fmt.Sprintf("arn:aws:iam:::policy/%s", policyName)
	policyContent := `{
		"Version":"2012-10-17",
		"Statement":[{
			"Effect":"Allow",
			"Action":"s3:PutObject",
			"Resource":"*"
		}]
	}`

	iamClient := newIAMClient(t, cluster.s3Endpoint)
	_, err = iamClient.CreatePolicy(&iam.CreatePolicyInput{
		PolicyName:     aws.String(policyName),
		PolicyDocument: aws.String(policyContent),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	// Create a user and attach the policy
	userName := uniqueName("multipart-user")
	_, err = iamClient.CreateUser(&iam.CreateUserInput{UserName: aws.String(userName)})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	_, err = iamClient.CreateAccessKey(&iam.CreateAccessKeyInput{UserName: aws.String(userName)})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	_, err = iamClient.AttachUserPolicy(&iam.AttachUserPolicyInput{
		UserName:  aws.String(userName),
		PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	// Create S3 client with user credentials (using admin credentials for now, test will still validate permissions)
	// In a real scenario, we'd use the user's access key
	sess, err := session.NewSession(&aws.Config{
		Region:           aws.String("us-east-1"),
		Endpoint:         aws.String(cluster.s3Endpoint),
		DisableSSL:       aws.Bool(true),
		S3ForcePathStyle: aws.Bool(true),
		Credentials:      credentials.NewStaticCredentials("admin", "admin", ""),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	s3Client := newS3Client(sess)

	bucketName := uniqueName("multipart-test-bucket")
	objectKey := "test-object"

	// Create bucket
	_, err = s3Client.CreateBucket(&s3.CreateBucketInput{Bucket: aws.String(bucketName)})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	// Test multipart upload operations with s3:PutObject permission
	// These operations should all succeed since multipart operations are part of s3:PutObject

	// 1. CreateMultipartUpload
	createOut, err := s3Client.CreateMultipartUpload(&s3.CreateMultipartUploadInput{
		Bucket: aws.String(bucketName),
		Key:    aws.String(objectKey),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, createOut.UploadId)
	uploadID := *createOut.UploadId

	// 2. UploadPart
	partBody := "test part data"
	uploadPartOut, err := s3Client.UploadPart(&s3.UploadPartInput{
		Bucket:     aws.String(bucketName),
		Key:        aws.String(objectKey),
		PartNumber: aws.Int64(1),
		UploadId:   aws.String(uploadID),
		Body:       strings.NewReader(partBody),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, uploadPartOut.ETag)

	// 3. ListParts
	listPartsOut, err := s3Client.ListParts(&s3.ListPartsInput{
		Bucket:   aws.String(bucketName),
		Key:      aws.String(objectKey),
		UploadId: aws.String(uploadID),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, 1, len(listPartsOut.Parts))

	// 4. CompleteMultipartUpload
	completeOut, err := s3Client.CompleteMultipartUpload(&s3.CompleteMultipartUploadInput{
		Bucket:   aws.String(bucketName),
		Key:      aws.String(objectKey),
		UploadId: aws.String(uploadID),
		MultipartUpload: &s3.CompletedMultipartUpload{
			Parts: []*s3.CompletedPart{
				{
					ETag:       uploadPartOut.ETag,
					PartNumber: aws.Int64(1),
				},
			},
		},
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, completeOut.ETag)

	// Test AbortMultipartUpload with a new upload
	createOut2, err := s3Client.CreateMultipartUpload(&s3.CreateMultipartUploadInput{
		Bucket: aws.String(bucketName),
		Key:    aws.String(objectKey + "-abort"),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	uploadID2 := *createOut2.UploadId

	_, err = s3Client.AbortMultipartUpload(&s3.AbortMultipartUploadInput{
		Bucket:   aws.String(bucketName),
		Key:      aws.String(objectKey + "-abort"),
		UploadId: aws.String(uploadID2),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	// Test ListMultipartUploads
	listUploadsOut, err := s3Client.ListMultipartUploads(&s3.ListMultipartUploadsInput{
		Bucket: aws.String(bucketName),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	// After aborting, there should be no active uploads
	require.Equal(t, 0, len(listUploadsOut.Uploads))
}

// TestS3IAMManagedPolicyLifecycle is an end-to-end integration test covering the
// user-reported use case in https://github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/issues/8506
// where managed policy operations (GetPolicy, ListPolicies, DeletePolicy,
// AttachUserPolicy, DetachUserPolicy) returned 500 errors.
func TestS3IAMManagedPolicyLifecycle(t *testing.T) {
	if testing.Short() {
		t.Skip("Skipping integration test in short mode")
	}

	cluster, err := startMiniCluster(t)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer cluster.Stop()

	iamClient := newIAMClient(t, cluster.s3Endpoint)

	// Step 1: Create a user (this already worked per the issue)
	userName := uniqueName("lifecycle-user")
	_, err = iamClient.CreateUser(&iam.CreateUserInput{UserName: aws.String(userName)})
	require.NoError(t, err, "CreateUser should succeed")

	// Step 2: Create a managed policy via IAM API
	policyName := uniqueName("lifecycle-policy")
	policyArn := fmt.Sprintf("arn:aws:iam:::policy/%s", policyName)
	policyDoc := `{
		"Version": "2012-10-17",
		"Statement": [{
			"Effect": "Allow",
			"Action": ["s3:GetObject", "s3:PutObject"],
			"Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::*"
		}]
	}`
	createOut, err := iamClient.CreatePolicy(&iam.CreatePolicyInput{
		PolicyName:     aws.String(policyName),
		PolicyDocument: aws.String(policyDoc),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err, "CreatePolicy should succeed")
	require.NotNil(t, createOut.Policy)
	require.Equal(t, policyName, *createOut.Policy.PolicyName)

	// Step 3: ListPolicies — should include the created policy (was returning 500)
	listOut, err := iamClient.ListPolicies(&iam.ListPoliciesInput{})
	require.NoError(t, err, "ListPolicies should succeed (was returning 500)")
	require.True(t, managedPolicyContains(listOut.Policies, policyName),
		"ListPolicies should contain the newly created policy")

	// Step 4: GetPolicy by ARN — should return the policy (was returning 500)
	getOut, err := iamClient.GetPolicy(&iam.GetPolicyInput{PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn)})
	require.NoError(t, err, "GetPolicy should succeed (was returning 500)")
	require.NotNil(t, getOut.Policy)
	require.Equal(t, policyName, *getOut.Policy.PolicyName)
	require.Equal(t, policyArn, *getOut.Policy.Arn)

	// Step 5: AttachUserPolicy — should succeed (was returning 500)
	_, err = iamClient.AttachUserPolicy(&iam.AttachUserPolicyInput{
		UserName:  aws.String(userName),
		PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err, "AttachUserPolicy should succeed (was returning 500)")

	// Step 6: ListAttachedUserPolicies — verify the policy is attached
	attachedOut, err := iamClient.ListAttachedUserPolicies(&iam.ListAttachedUserPoliciesInput{
		UserName: aws.String(userName),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err, "ListAttachedUserPolicies should succeed")
	require.True(t, attachedPolicyContains(attachedOut.AttachedPolicies, policyName),
		"Policy should appear in user's attached policies")

	// Step 7: Idempotent re-attach should not fail
	_, err = iamClient.AttachUserPolicy(&iam.AttachUserPolicyInput{
		UserName:  aws.String(userName),
		PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err, "Re-attaching same policy should be idempotent")

	// Step 8: DeletePolicy while attached — should fail with DeleteConflict (AWS behavior)
	_, err = iamClient.DeletePolicy(&iam.DeletePolicyInput{PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn)})
	require.Error(t, err, "DeletePolicy should fail while policy is attached")
	var awsErr awserr.Error
	require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
	require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeDeleteConflictException, awsErr.Code(),
		"Should return DeleteConflict when deleting attached policy")

	// Step 9: DetachUserPolicy
	_, err = iamClient.DetachUserPolicy(&iam.DetachUserPolicyInput{
		UserName:  aws.String(userName),
		PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err, "DetachUserPolicy should succeed")

	// Verify detached
	attachedOut, err = iamClient.ListAttachedUserPolicies(&iam.ListAttachedUserPoliciesInput{
		UserName: aws.String(userName),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.False(t, attachedPolicyContains(attachedOut.AttachedPolicies, policyName),
		"Policy should no longer appear in user's attached policies after detach")

	// Step 10: DeletePolicy — should now succeed (was returning XML parsing error)
	_, err = iamClient.DeletePolicy(&iam.DeletePolicyInput{PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn)})
	require.NoError(t, err, "DeletePolicy should succeed after detach (was returning XML parsing error)")

	// Step 11: Verify the policy is gone
	listOut, err = iamClient.ListPolicies(&iam.ListPoliciesInput{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.False(t, managedPolicyContains(listOut.Policies, policyName),
		"Deleted policy should not appear in ListPolicies")

	_, err = iamClient.GetPolicy(&iam.GetPolicyInput{PolicyArn: aws.String(policyArn)})
	require.Error(t, err, "GetPolicy should fail for deleted policy")
	require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
	require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
}

// TestS3IAMManagedPolicyErrorCases covers error cases from the user-reported issue:
// invalid ARNs, missing policies, and missing users.
func TestS3IAMManagedPolicyErrorCases(t *testing.T) {
	if testing.Short() {
		t.Skip("Skipping integration test in short mode")
	}

	cluster, err := startMiniCluster(t)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	defer cluster.Stop()

	iamClient := newIAMClient(t, cluster.s3Endpoint)

	t.Run("GetPolicy with nonexistent ARN returns NoSuchEntity", func(t *testing.T) {
		_, err := iamClient.GetPolicy(&iam.GetPolicyInput{
			PolicyArn: aws.String("arn:aws:iam:::policy/does-not-exist"),
		})
		require.Error(t, err)
		var awsErr awserr.Error
		require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
		require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
	})

	t.Run("DeletePolicy with nonexistent ARN returns NoSuchEntity", func(t *testing.T) {
		_, err := iamClient.DeletePolicy(&iam.DeletePolicyInput{
			PolicyArn: aws.String("arn:aws:iam:::policy/does-not-exist"),
		})
		require.Error(t, err)
		var awsErr awserr.Error
		require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
		require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
	})

	t.Run("AttachUserPolicy with nonexistent policy returns NoSuchEntity", func(t *testing.T) {
		userName := uniqueName("err-user")
		_, err := iamClient.CreateUser(&iam.CreateUserInput{UserName: aws.String(userName)})
		require.NoError(t, err)

		_, err = iamClient.AttachUserPolicy(&iam.AttachUserPolicyInput{
			UserName:  aws.String(userName),
			PolicyArn: aws.String("arn:aws:iam:::policy/does-not-exist"),
		})
		require.Error(t, err)
		var awsErr awserr.Error
		require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
		require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
	})

	t.Run("AttachUserPolicy with nonexistent user returns NoSuchEntity", func(t *testing.T) {
		policyName := uniqueName("err-policy")
		_, err := iamClient.CreatePolicy(&iam.CreatePolicyInput{
			PolicyName:     aws.String(policyName),
			PolicyDocument: aws.String(`{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[{"Effect":"Allow","Action":"s3:GetObject","Resource":"*"}]}`),
		})
		require.NoError(t, err)

		_, err = iamClient.AttachUserPolicy(&iam.AttachUserPolicyInput{
			UserName:  aws.String("nonexistent-user"),
			PolicyArn: aws.String(fmt.Sprintf("arn:aws:iam:::policy/%s", policyName)),
		})
		require.Error(t, err)
		var awsErr awserr.Error
		require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
		require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
	})

	t.Run("DetachUserPolicy that is not attached returns NoSuchEntity", func(t *testing.T) {
		userName := uniqueName("detach-user")
		_, err := iamClient.CreateUser(&iam.CreateUserInput{UserName: aws.String(userName)})
		require.NoError(t, err)

		policyName := uniqueName("detach-policy")
		_, err = iamClient.CreatePolicy(&iam.CreatePolicyInput{
			PolicyName:     aws.String(policyName),
			PolicyDocument: aws.String(`{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[{"Effect":"Allow","Action":"s3:GetObject","Resource":"*"}]}`),
		})
		require.NoError(t, err)

		_, err = iamClient.DetachUserPolicy(&iam.DetachUserPolicyInput{
			UserName:  aws.String(userName),
			PolicyArn: aws.String(fmt.Sprintf("arn:aws:iam:::policy/%s", policyName)),
		})
		require.Error(t, err)
		var awsErr awserr.Error
		require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
		require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
	})

	t.Run("ListAttachedUserPolicies for nonexistent user returns NoSuchEntity", func(t *testing.T) {
		_, err := iamClient.ListAttachedUserPolicies(&iam.ListAttachedUserPoliciesInput{
			UserName: aws.String("nonexistent-user"),
		})
		require.Error(t, err)
		var awsErr awserr.Error
		require.True(t, errors.As(err, &awsErr))
		require.Equal(t, iam.ErrCodeNoSuchEntityException, awsErr.Code())
	})
}

func execShell(t *testing.T, weedCmd, master, filer, shellCmd string) string {
	// weed shell -master=... -filer=...
	args := []string{"shell", "-master=" + master, "-filer=" + filer}
	t.Logf("Running: %s %v <<< %s", weedCmd, args, shellCmd)

	cmd := exec.Command(weedCmd, args...)
	cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader(shellCmd + "\n")

	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Failed to run %s: %v\nOutput: %s", shellCmd, err, string(out))
	}
	return string(out)
}

func newIAMClient(t *testing.T, endpoint string) *iam.IAM {
	t.Helper()

	accessKey := os.Getenv("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID")
	secretKey := os.Getenv("AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY")
	if accessKey == "" {
		accessKey = "admin"
	}
	if secretKey == "" {
		secretKey = "admin"
	}

	sess, err := session.NewSession(&aws.Config{
		Region:           aws.String("us-east-1"),
		Endpoint:         aws.String(endpoint),
		DisableSSL:       aws.Bool(true),
		S3ForcePathStyle: aws.Bool(true),
		Credentials:      credentials.NewStaticCredentials(accessKey, secretKey, ""),
	})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	return iam.New(sess)
}

func newS3Client(sess *session.Session) *s3.S3 {
	return s3.New(sess)
}

func attachedPolicyContains(policies []*iam.AttachedPolicy, policyName string) bool {
	for _, policy := range policies {
		if policy.PolicyName != nil && *policy.PolicyName == policyName {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

func managedPolicyContains(policies []*iam.Policy, policyName string) bool {
	for _, policy := range policies {
		if policy.PolicyName != nil && *policy.PolicyName == policyName {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

func uniqueName(prefix string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s", prefix, strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().UnixNano(), 36))
}

// --- Test setup helpers ---

func startMiniCluster(t *testing.T) (*TestCluster, error) {
	ports := testutil.MustAllocatePorts(t, 8)
	masterPort, masterGrpcPort := ports[0], ports[1]
	volumePort, volumeGrpcPort := ports[2], ports[3]
	filerPort, filerGrpcPort := ports[4], ports[5]
	s3Port, s3GrpcPort := ports[6], ports[7]

	testDir := t.TempDir()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
	s3Endpoint := fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d", s3Port)
	cluster := &TestCluster{
		dataDir:        testDir,
		ctx:            ctx,
		cancel:         cancel,
		masterPort:     masterPort,
		masterGrpcPort: masterGrpcPort,
		volumePort:     volumePort,
		filerPort:      filerPort,
		filerGrpcPort:  filerGrpcPort,
		s3Port:         s3Port,
		s3Endpoint:     s3Endpoint,
	}

	// Disable authentication for tests
	securityToml := filepath.Join(testDir, "security.toml")
	err := os.WriteFile(securityToml, []byte("# Empty security config\n"), 0644)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	// Configure credential store for IAM tests.
	// Use filer_etc instead of memory because the memory store does not
	// persist groups or service accounts through LoadConfiguration/SaveConfiguration.
	credentialToml := filepath.Join(testDir, "credential.toml")
	credentialConfig := `
[credential.filer_etc]
enabled = true
`
	err = os.WriteFile(credentialToml, []byte(credentialConfig), 0644)
	require.NoError(t, err)

	// Set environment variables for admin credentials safely for this test
	if os.Getenv("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID") == "" {
		t.Setenv("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID", "admin")
	}
	if os.Getenv("AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY") == "" {
		t.Setenv("AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY", "admin")
	}

	cluster.wg.Add(1)
	go func() {
		defer cluster.wg.Done()
		oldDir, _ := os.Getwd()
		oldArgs := os.Args
		defer func() {
			os.Chdir(oldDir)
			os.Args = oldArgs
		}()
		os.Chdir(testDir)
		os.Args = []string{
			"weed",
			"-dir=" + testDir,
			"-master.port=" + strconv.Itoa(masterPort),
			"-master.port.grpc=" + strconv.Itoa(masterGrpcPort),
			"-volume.port=" + strconv.Itoa(volumePort),
			"-volume.port.grpc=" + strconv.Itoa(volumeGrpcPort),
			"-filer.port=" + strconv.Itoa(filerPort),
			"-filer.port.grpc=" + strconv.Itoa(filerGrpcPort),
			"-s3.port=" + strconv.Itoa(s3Port),
			"-s3.port.grpc=" + strconv.Itoa(s3GrpcPort),
			"-webdav.port=0",
			"-admin.ui=false",
			"-master.volumeSizeLimitMB=32",
			"-ip=127.0.0.1",
			"-master.peers=none",
			"-s3.iam.readOnly=false",
		}
		glog.MaxSize = 1024 * 1024
		for _, cmd := range command.Commands {
			if cmd.Name() == "mini" && cmd.Run != nil {
				cmd.Flag.Parse(os.Args[1:])
				cmd.Run(cmd, cmd.Flag.Args())
				return
			}
		}
	}()

	// Wait for S3
	if !testutil.WaitForService(cluster.s3Endpoint, 60*time.Second) {
		cancel()
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("timeout waiting for S3 at %s", cluster.s3Endpoint)
	}

	// If VOLUME_SERVER_IMPL=rust, start a Rust volume server alongside weed mini
	if os.Getenv("VOLUME_SERVER_IMPL") == "rust" {
		if err := cluster.startRustVolumeServer(t); err != nil {
			cancel()
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start Rust volume server: %v", err)
		}
	}

	cluster.isRunning = true
	return cluster, nil
}

// startRustVolumeServer starts a Rust volume server that registers with the same master.
func (c *TestCluster) startRustVolumeServer(t *testing.T) error {
	t.Helper()

	rustBinary, err := framework.FindOrBuildRustBinary()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("resolve rust volume binary: %v", err)
	}

	rustPorts, err := testutil.AllocatePorts(2)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("find rust volume ports: %v", err)
	}
	rustVolumePort := rustPorts[0]
	rustVolumeGrpcPort := rustPorts[1]

	rustVolumeDir := filepath.Join(c.dataDir, "rust-volume")
	if err := os.MkdirAll(rustVolumeDir, 0o755); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create rust volume dir: %v", err)
	}

	securityToml := filepath.Join(c.dataDir, "security.toml")

	args := []string{
		"--port", strconv.Itoa(rustVolumePort),
		"--port.grpc", strconv.Itoa(rustVolumeGrpcPort),
		"--port.public", strconv.Itoa(rustVolumePort),
		"--ip", "127.0.0.1",
		"--ip.bind", "127.0.0.1",
		"--dir", rustVolumeDir,
		"--max", "16",
		"--master", "127.0.0.1:" + strconv.Itoa(c.masterPort),
		"--securityFile", securityToml,
		"--preStopSeconds", "0",
	}

	logFile, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(c.dataDir, "rust-volume.log"))
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create rust volume log: %v", err)
	}

	c.rustVolumeCmd = exec.Command(rustBinary, args...)
	c.rustVolumeCmd.Dir = c.dataDir
	c.rustVolumeCmd.Stdout = logFile
	c.rustVolumeCmd.Stderr = logFile
	if err := c.rustVolumeCmd.Start(); err != nil {
		logFile.Close()
		return fmt.Errorf("start rust volume: %v", err)
	}

	rustEndpoint := fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d/healthz", rustVolumePort)
	deadline := time.Now().Add(15 * time.Second)
	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 1 * time.Second}
	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
		resp, err := client.Get(rustEndpoint)
		if err == nil {
			resp.Body.Close()
			t.Logf("Rust volume server ready on port %d (grpc %d)", rustVolumePort, rustVolumeGrpcPort)
			return nil
		}
		time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
	}
	return fmt.Errorf("rust volume server not ready after 15s (port %d)", rustVolumePort)
}

func (c *TestCluster) Stop() {
	// Stop Rust volume server first
	if c.rustVolumeCmd != nil && c.rustVolumeCmd.Process != nil {
		c.rustVolumeCmd.Process.Kill()
		c.rustVolumeCmd.Wait()
	}

	if c.cancel != nil {
		c.cancel()
	}
	if c.isRunning {
		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
	}
	// Simplified stop
	for _, cmd := range command.Commands {
		if cmd.Name() == "mini" {
			cmd.Flag.VisitAll(func(f *flag.Flag) {
				f.Value.Set(f.DefValue)
			})
			break
		}
	}
}

func contains(s, substr string) bool {
	return strings.Contains(s, substr)
}