bumped app version

Co-authored-by: jb.muscat <jb.muscat@criteo.com>

.github/SECURITY.md

@@ -2,4 +2,6 @@
 
 If you discover a security vulnerability within PocketBase, please send an e-mail to **support at pocketbase.io**.
 
+**This is non-commercial personal open source project, so there are no bounties!**
+
 All reports will be promptly addressed and you'll be credited in the fix release notes.

.github/workflows/release.yaml

@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ jobs:
           node-version: 20.17.0
 
       - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: '>=1.23.0'
+          go-version: '>=1.25.6'
 
       # This step usually is not needed because the /ui/dist is pregenerated locally
       # but its here to ensure that each release embeds the latest admin ui artifacts.

.gitignore

@@ -15,4 +15,6 @@ coverage.out
 # generated markdown previews
 README.html
 CHANGELOG.html
+CHANGELOG_16_22.html
+CHANGELOG_8_15.html
 LICENSE.html

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -24,13 +24,23 @@ builds:
       - amd64
       - arm64
       - arm
+      - s390x
+      - ppc64le
     goarm:
       - 7
     ignore:
       - goos: windows
         goarch: arm
+      - goos: windows
+        goarch: s390x
+      - goos: windows
+        goarch: ppc64le
       - goos: darwin
         goarch: arm
+      - goos: darwin
+        goarch: s390x
+      - goos: darwin
+        goarch: ppc64le
 
 release:
   draft: true

CHANGELOG_16_22.md

@@ -2,6 +2,92 @@
 > For the most recent versions, please refer to [CHANGELOG.md](./CHANGELOG.md)
 ---
 
+## v0.22.38
+
+- (_Backported from v0.36.0_) Bumped min Go GitHub action version to 1.25.6 because it comes with some [minor security fixes](https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.25.6).
+
+
+## v0.22.37
+
+- (_Backported from v0.34.1_) - Added missing `:` char to the autocomplete regex ([#7353](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/pull/7353)).
+
+- (_Backported from v0.34.1_) Bumped min Go GitHub action version to 1.25.5 because it comes with some [minor security fixes](https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.25.5).
+    _The runner action was also updated to `actions/setup-go@v6` since the previous v5 Go source seems [no longer accessible](https://github.com/actions/setup-go/pull/665#issuecomment-3416693714)._
+
+
+## v0.22.36
+
+- (_Backported from v0.30.2_) Bumped min Go GitHub action version to 1.24.8 since it comes with some [minor security fixes](https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.24.8+label%3ACherryPickApproved).
+
+
+## v0.22.35
+
+- (_Backported from v0.29.2_) Bumped min Go GitHub action version to 1.23.12 since it comes with some [minor fixes for the runtime and `database/sql` package](https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.23.12+label%3ACherryPickApproved).
+
+
+## v0.22.34
+
+- (_Backported from v0.26.6_) Allow OIDC `email_verified` to be int or boolean string since some OIDC providers like AWS Cognito has non-standard userinfo response ([#6657](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/pull/6657)).
+
+
+## v0.22.33
+
+- (_Backported from v0.26.3_) Fixed and normalized logs error serialization across common types for more consistent logs error output ([#6631](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/issues/6631)).
+
+
+## v0.22.32
+
+- (_Backported from v0.26.2_) Updated `golang-jwt/jwt` dependency because it comes with a [minor security fix](https://github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/security/advisories/GHSA-mh63-6h87-95cp).
+
+
+## v0.22.31
+
+- (_Backported from v0.25.5_) Set the current working directory as a default goja script path when executing inline JS strings to allow `require(m)` traversing parent `node_modules` directories.
+
+
+## v0.22.30
+
+- (_Backported from v0.24.4_) Fixed fields extraction for view queries with nested comments ([#6309](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/discussions/6309)).
+
+- Bumped GitHub action min Go version to 1.23.5 as it comes with some [minor security fixes](https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.23.5).
+
+
+## v0.22.29
+
+- (_Backported from v0.23.11_) Upgraded `golang.org/x/net` to 0.33.0 to fix [CVE-2024-45338](https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45338).
+  _PocketBase uses the vulnerable functions primarily for the auto html->text mail generation, but most applications shouldn't be affected unless you are manually embedding unrestricted user provided value in your mail templates._
+
+
+## v0.22.28
+
+- (_Backported from v0.23.10_) Renew the superuser file token cache when clicking on the thumb preview or download link ([#6137](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/discussions/6137)).
+
+- (_Backported from v0.23.10_) Upgraded `modernc.org/sqlite` to 1.34.3 to fix "disk io" error on arm64 systems.
+  _If you are extending PocketBase with Go and upgrading with `go get -u` make sure to manually set in your go.mod the `modernc.org/libc` indirect dependency to v1.55.3, aka. the exact same version the driver is using._
+
+
+## v0.22.27
+
+- Instead of unregistering the realtime clients, we now just unset their auth state on delete of the related auth record so that the clients can receive the `delete` event ([#5898](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/issues/5898)).
+
+
+## v0.22.26
+
+- (_Backported from v0.23.0-rc_) Added manual WAL checkpoints before creating the zip backup to minimize copying unnecessary data.
+
+
+## v0.22.25
+
+- Refresh the old collections state in the Import UI after successful import submission ([#5861](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/issues/5861)).
+
+- Added randomized throttle on failed filter list requests as a very rudimentary measure since some security researches raised concern regarding the possibity of eventual side-channel attacks.
+
+
+## v0.22.24
+
+- Delete new uploaded record files in case of DB persist error ([#5845](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/issues/5845)).
+
+
 ## v0.22.23
 
 - Updated the hooks watcher to account for the case when hooksDir is a symlink ([#5789](https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/issues/5789)).
@@ -1121,7 +1207,7 @@
 
 - Updated the schema fields Admin UI for "tidier" fields visualization.
 
-- Updated the logs "real" user IP to check for `Fly-Client-IP` header and changed the `X-Forward-For` header to use the first non-empty leftmost-ish IP as it the closest to the "real IP".
+- Updated the logs "real" user IP to check for `Fly-Client-IP` header and changed the `X-Forwarded-For` header to use the first non-empty leftmost-ish IP as it the closest to the "real IP".
 
 - Added new `tools/archive` helper subpackage for managing archives (_currently works only with zip_).
 

README.md

@@ -25,10 +25,13 @@
 
 ## API SDK clients
 
-The easiest way to interact with the API is to use one of the official SDK clients:
+The easiest way to interact with the PocketBase Web APIs is to use one of the official SDK clients:
+
+- **JavaScript - [pocketbase/js-sdk](https://github.com/pocketbase/js-sdk)** (_Browser, Node.js, React Native_)
+- **Dart - [pocketbase/dart-sdk](https://github.com/pocketbase/dart-sdk)** (_Web, Mobile, Desktop, CLI_)
+
+You could also check the recommendations in https://pocketbase.io/docs/how-to-use/.
 
-- **JavaScript - [pocketbase/js-sdk](https://github.com/pocketbase/js-sdk)** (_browser and node_)
-- **Dart - [pocketbase/dart-sdk](https://github.com/pocketbase/dart-sdk)** (_web, mobile, desktop_)
 
 ## Overview
 
@@ -54,7 +57,6 @@ Here is a minimal example:
 
     import (
         "log"
-        "net/http"
 
         "github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase"
         "github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ Here is a minimal example:
 
         app.OnServe().BindFunc(func(se *core.ServeEvent) error {
             // registers new "GET /hello" route
-            se.Router.Get("/hello", func(re *core.RequestEvent) error {
+            se.Router.GET("/hello", func(re *core.RequestEvent) error {
                 return re.String(200, "Hello world!")
             })
 
@@ -84,19 +86,13 @@ Here is a minimal example:
 
 4. To build a statically linked executable, you can run `CGO_ENABLED=0 go build` and then start the created executable with `./myapp serve`.
 
-> [!NOTE]
-> PocketBase embeds SQLite, but doesn't require CGO.
->
-> If CGO is enabled (aka. `CGO_ENABLED=1`), it will use [mattn/go-sqlite3](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3) driver, otherwise - [modernc.org/sqlite](https://pkg.go.dev/modernc.org/sqlite).
-> Enable CGO only if you really need to squeeze the read/write query performance at the expense of complicating cross compilation.
-
 _For more details please refer to [Extend with Go](https://pocketbase.io/docs/go-overview/)._
 
 ### Building and running the repo main.go example
 
 To build the minimal standalone executable, like the prebuilt ones in the releases page, you can simply run `go build` inside the `examples/base` directory:
 
-0. [Install Go 1.21+](https://go.dev/doc/install) (_if you haven't already_)
+0. [Install Go 1.23+](https://go.dev/doc/install) (_if you haven't already_)
 1. Clone/download the repo
 2. Navigate to `examples/base`
 3. Run `GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 CGO_ENABLED=0 go build`
@@ -114,9 +110,11 @@ linux   386
 linux   amd64
 linux   arm
 linux   arm64
+linux   loong64
 linux   ppc64le
 linux   riscv64
 linux   s390x
+windows 386
 windows amd64
 windows arm64
 ```

apis/api_error_aliases.go

@@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ import "github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/router"
 // and for consistency with the JSVM binds.
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+// ToApiError wraps err into ApiError instance (if not already).
+func ToApiError(err error) *router.ApiError {
+	return router.ToApiError(err)
+}
+
 // NewApiError is an alias for [router.NewApiError].
 func NewApiError(status int, message string, errData any) *router.ApiError {
 	return router.NewApiError(status, message, errData)

apis/backup.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ func bindBackupApi(app core.App, rg *router.RouterGroup[*core.RequestEvent]) {
 	sub := rg.Group("/backups")
 	sub.GET("", backupsList).Bind(RequireSuperuserAuth())
 	sub.POST("", backupCreate).Bind(RequireSuperuserAuth())
-	sub.POST("/upload", backupUpload).Bind(RequireSuperuserAuth())
+	sub.POST("/upload", backupUpload).Bind(BodyLimit(0), RequireSuperuserAuth())
 	sub.GET("/{key}", backupDownload) // relies on superuser file token
 	sub.DELETE("/{key}", backupDelete).Bind(RequireSuperuserAuth())
 	sub.POST("/{key}/restore", backupRestore).Bind(RequireSuperuserAuth())

apis/backup_test.go

@@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/apis"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tests"
-	"gocloud.dev/blob"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/filesystem/blob"
 )
 
 func TestBackupsList(t *testing.T) {
@@ -346,6 +347,19 @@ func TestBackupUpload(t *testing.T) {
 			ExpectedStatus: 204,
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "ensure that the default body limit is skipped",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/backups/upload",
+			Body:   bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, apis.DefaultMaxBodySize+100)),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:     400, // it doesn't matter as long as it is not 413
+			ExpectedContent:    []string{`"data":{`},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{"entity too large"},
+			ExpectedEvents:     map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, scenario := range scenarios {
@@ -476,7 +490,7 @@ func TestBackupsDownload(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 			},
-			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedStatus:  404,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
 			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},

apis/base.go

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ func NewRouter(app core.App) (*router.Router[*core.RequestEvent], error) {
 	bindRecordAuthApi(app, apiGroup)
 	bindLogsApi(app, apiGroup)
 	bindBackupApi(app, apiGroup)
+	bindCronApi(app, apiGroup)
 	bindFileApi(app, apiGroup)
 	bindBatchApi(app, apiGroup)
 	bindRealtimeApi(app, apiGroup)

apis/batch.go

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ var ValidBatchActions = map[*regexp.Regexp]BatchActionHandlerFunc{
 				params["id"] = id // required for the path value
 				ir.Method = "PATCH"
 				ir.URL = "/api/collections/" + params["collection"] + "/records/" + id + params["query"]
-				return recordUpdate(next)
+				return recordUpdate(false, next)
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -57,16 +57,16 @@ var ValidBatchActions = map[*regexp.Regexp]BatchActionHandlerFunc{
 		// ---
 		ir.Method = "POST"
 		ir.URL = "/api/collections/" + params["collection"] + "/records" + params["query"]
-		return recordCreate(next)
+		return recordCreate(false, next)
 	},
 	regexp.MustCompile(`^POST /api/collections/(?P<collection>[^\/\?]+)/records(\?.*)?$`): func(app core.App, ir *core.InternalRequest, params map[string]string, next func(any) error) HandleFunc {
-		return recordCreate(next)
+		return recordCreate(false, next)
 	},
 	regexp.MustCompile(`^PATCH /api/collections/(?P<collection>[^\/\?]+)/records/(?P<id>[^\/\?]+)(\?.*)?$`): func(app core.App, ir *core.InternalRequest, params map[string]string, next func(any) error) HandleFunc {
-		return recordUpdate(next)
+		return recordUpdate(false, next)
 	},
 	regexp.MustCompile(`^DELETE /api/collections/(?P<collection>[^\/\?]+)/records/(?P<id>[^\/\?]+)(\?.*)?$`): func(app core.App, ir *core.InternalRequest, params map[string]string, next func(any) error) HandleFunc {
-		return recordDelete(next)
+		return recordDelete(false, next)
 	},
 }
 
@@ -338,6 +338,12 @@ func processInternalRequest(
 	// apply batch request specific headers
 	// ---
 	for k, v := range ir.Headers {
+		// individual Authorization header keys don't have affect
+		// because the auth state is populated from the base event
+		if strings.EqualFold(k, "authorization") {
+			continue
+		}
+
 		r.Header.Set(k, v)
 	}
 	r.Header.Set("Content-Type", mw.FormDataContentType())

apis/batch_test.go

@@ -294,9 +294,9 @@ func TestBatchRequest(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
 				"requests": [
-					{"method":"POST", "url":"/api/collections/demo2/records", "body": {"title": "batch_create"}},
-					{"method":"DELETE", "url":"/api/collections/demo2/records/achvryl401bhse3"},
-					{"method":"PATCH", "url":"/api/collections/demo3/records/1tmknxy2868d869", "body": {"title": "batch_update"}}
+					{"method":"POST", "url":"/api/collections/demo2/records", "body": {"title": "batch_create"}, "headers": {"Authorization": "ignored"}},
+					{"method":"DELETE", "url":"/api/collections/demo2/records/achvryl401bhse3", "headers": {"Authorization": "ignored"}},
+					{"method":"PATCH", "url":"/api/collections/demo3/records/1tmknxy2868d869", "body": {"title": "batch_update"}, "headers": {"Authorization": "ignored"}}
 				]
 			}`),
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,

apis/collection.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/router"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/search"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/security"
 )
 
 // bindCollectionApi registers the collection api endpoints and the corresponding handlers.
@@ -45,7 +46,9 @@ func collectionsList(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	event.Result = result
 
 	return event.App.OnCollectionsListRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.CollectionsListRequestEvent) error {
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Result)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Result)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
@@ -60,7 +63,9 @@ func collectionView(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	event.Collection = collection
 
 	return e.App.OnCollectionViewRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.CollectionRequestEvent) error {
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Collection)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Collection)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
@@ -98,7 +103,9 @@ func collectionCreate(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			return e.BadRequestError("Failed to create collection. Raw error: \n"+err.Error(), nil)
 		}
 
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Collection)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Collection)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
@@ -128,7 +135,9 @@ func collectionUpdate(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			return e.BadRequestError("Failed to update collection. Raw error: \n"+err.Error(), nil)
 		}
 
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Collection)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Collection)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
@@ -159,7 +168,9 @@ func collectionDelete(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			return e.BadRequestError(msg, err)
 		}
 
-		return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
@@ -182,14 +193,16 @@ func collectionTruncate(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 }
 
 func collectionScaffolds(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+	randomId := security.RandomStringWithAlphabet(10, core.DefaultIdAlphabet) // could be used as part of the default indexes name
+
 	collections := map[string]*core.Collection{
-		core.CollectionTypeBase: core.NewBaseCollection(""),
-		core.CollectionTypeAuth: core.NewAuthCollection(""),
-		core.CollectionTypeView: core.NewViewCollection(""),
+		core.CollectionTypeBase: core.NewBaseCollection("", randomId),
+		core.CollectionTypeAuth: core.NewAuthCollection("", randomId),
+		core.CollectionTypeView: core.NewViewCollection("", randomId),
 	}
 
 	for _, c := range collections {
-		c.Id = "" // clear autogenerated id
+		c.Id = "" // clear random id
 	}
 
 	return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, collections)

apis/collection_import.go

@@ -29,12 +29,14 @@ func collectionsImport(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	return event.App.OnCollectionsImportRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.CollectionsImportRequestEvent) error {
 		importErr := e.App.ImportCollections(e.CollectionsData, form.DeleteMissing)
 		if importErr == nil {
-			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+			return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+				return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+			})
 		}
 
 		// validation failure
 		var validationErrors validation.Errors
-		if errors.As(err, &validationErrors) {
+		if errors.As(importErr, &validationErrors) {
 			return e.BadRequestError("Failed to import collections.", validationErrors)
 		}
 

apis/collection_import_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package apis_test
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ func TestCollectionsImport(t *testing.T) {
 				`import2`,
 				`fields`,
 			},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{"Raw error:"},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
 				"*":                            0,
 				"OnCollectionsImportRequest":   1,
@@ -109,6 +111,71 @@ func TestCollectionsImport(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authorized as superuser + non-validator failure",
+			Method: http.MethodPut,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/import",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"collections":[
+					{
+						"name": "import1",
+						"fields": [
+							{
+							  "id": "koih1lqx",
+							  "name": "test",
+							  "type": "text"
+							}
+						]
+					},
+					{
+						"name": "import2",
+						"fields": [
+							{
+							  "id": "koih1lqx",
+							  "name": "test",
+							  "type": "text"
+							}
+						],
+						"indexes": [
+							"create index idx_test on import2 (test)"
+						]
+					}
+				]
+			}`),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 400,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"data":{`,
+				`"collections":{"code":"validation_collections_import_failure"`,
+				`Raw error:`,
+				`custom_error`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                            0,
+				"OnCollectionsImportRequest":   1,
+				"OnCollectionCreate":           1,
+				"OnCollectionAfterCreateError": 1,
+				"OnModelCreate":                1,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateError":      1,
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnCollectionCreate().BindFunc(func(e *core.CollectionEvent) error {
+					return errors.New("custom_error")
+				})
+			},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				collections := []*core.Collection{}
+				if err := app.CollectionQuery().All(&collections); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				expected := totalCollections
+				if len(collections) != expected {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected %d collections, got %d", expected, len(collections))
+				}
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			Name:   "authorized as superuser + successful collections create",
 			Method: http.MethodPut,
@@ -249,6 +316,51 @@ func TestCollectionsImport(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnCollectionsImportRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodPut,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/import",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"deleteMissing": true,
+				"collections":[
+					{"name": "test123"},
+					{
+						"id":"wsmn24bux7wo113",
+						"name":"demo1",
+						"fields":[
+							{
+								"id":"_2hlxbmp",
+								"name":"title",
+								"type":"text",
+								"required":true
+							}
+						],
+						"indexes": []
+					}
+				]
+			}`),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnCollectionsImportRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.CollectionsImportRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnCollectionsImportRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, scenario := range scenarios {

apis/collection_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package apis_test
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -130,6 +129,32 @@ func TestCollectionsList(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnCollectionsListRequest": 1,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnCollectionsListRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnCollectionsListRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.CollectionsListRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnCollectionsListRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, scenario := range scenarios {
@@ -205,6 +230,32 @@ func TestCollectionView(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnCollectionViewRequest": 1,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnCollectionViewRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/wsmn24bux7wo113",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnCollectionViewRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.CollectionRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnCollectionViewRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, scenario := range scenarios {
@@ -361,7 +412,7 @@ func TestCollectionDelete(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnCollectionAfterDeleteSuccessRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnCollectionDeleteRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodDelete,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/view2",
 			Headers: map[string]string{
@@ -369,15 +420,22 @@ func TestCollectionDelete(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnCollectionDeleteRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.CollectionRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                         0,
-				"OnCollectionDeleteRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnCollectionDeleteRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -656,7 +714,7 @@ func TestCollectionCreate(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnCollectionCreateRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnCollectionCreateRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections",
 			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{"name":"new","type":"base"}`),
@@ -665,15 +723,22 @@ func TestCollectionCreate(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnCollectionCreateRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.CollectionRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                         0,
-				"OnCollectionCreateRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnCollectionCreateRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 
 		// view
@@ -724,7 +789,7 @@ func TestCollectionCreate(t *testing.T) {
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
 				`"name":"new"`,
 				`"type":"view"`,
-				`"fields":[{"autogeneratePattern":"","hidden":false,"id":"text3208210256","max":0,"min":0,"name":"id","pattern":"","presentable":false,"primaryKey":true,"required":true,"system":true,"type":"text"}]`,
+				`"fields":[{"autogeneratePattern":"","hidden":false,"id":"text3208210256","max":0,"min":0,"name":"id","pattern":"^[a-z0-9]+$","presentable":false,"primaryKey":true,"required":true,"system":true,"type":"text"}]`,
 			},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
 				"*":                              0,
@@ -978,7 +1043,7 @@ func TestCollectionUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnCollectionAfterUpdateSuccessRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnCollectionUpdateRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPatch,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/demo1",
 			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{}`),
@@ -987,15 +1052,22 @@ func TestCollectionUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnCollectionUpdateRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.CollectionRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                         0,
-				"OnCollectionUpdateRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnCollectionUpdateRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "authorized as superuser + invalid data (eg. existing name)",

apis/cron.go

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package apis
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/cron"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/router"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/routine"
+)
+
+// bindCronApi registers the crons api endpoint.
+func bindCronApi(app core.App, rg *router.RouterGroup[*core.RequestEvent]) {
+	subGroup := rg.Group("/crons").Bind(RequireSuperuserAuth())
+	subGroup.GET("", cronsList)
+	subGroup.POST("/{id}", cronRun)
+}
+
+func cronsList(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+	jobs := e.App.Cron().Jobs()
+
+	slices.SortStableFunc(jobs, func(a, b *cron.Job) int {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(a.Id(), "__pb") {
+			return 1
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(b.Id(), "__pb") {
+			return -1
+		}
+		return strings.Compare(a.Id(), b.Id())
+	})
+
+	return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, jobs)
+}
+
+func cronRun(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+	cronId := e.Request.PathValue("id")
+
+	var foundJob *cron.Job
+
+	jobs := e.App.Cron().Jobs()
+	for _, j := range jobs {
+		if j.Id() == cronId {
+			foundJob = j
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if foundJob == nil {
+		return e.NotFoundError("Missing or invalid cron job", nil)
+	}
+
+	routine.FireAndForget(func() {
+		foundJob.Run()
+	})
+
+	return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+}

apis/cron_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+package apis_test
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tests"
+	"github.com/spf13/cast"
+)
+
+func TestCronsList(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	scenarios := []tests.ApiScenario{
+		{
+			Name:            "unauthorized",
+			Method:          http.MethodGet,
+			URL:             "/api/crons",
+			ExpectedStatus:  401,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authorized as regular user",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/crons",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjRxMXhsY2xtZmxva3UzMyIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoiX3BiX3VzZXJzX2F1dGhfIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.ZT3F0Z3iM-xbGgSG3LEKiEzHrPHr8t8IuHLZGGNuxLo",
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  403,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authorized as superuser (empty list)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/crons",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.Cron().RemoveAll()
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`[]`},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authorized as superuser",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/crons",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`{"id":"__pbLogsCleanup__","expression":"0 */6 * * *"}`,
+				`{"id":"__pbDBOptimize__","expression":"0 0 * * *"}`,
+				`{"id":"__pbMFACleanup__","expression":"0 * * * *"}`,
+				`{"id":"__pbOTPCleanup__","expression":"0 * * * *"}`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, scenario := range scenarios {
+		scenario.Test(t)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCronsRun(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	beforeTestFunc := func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+		app.Cron().Add("test", "* * * * *", func() {
+			app.Store().Set("testJobCalls", cast.ToInt(app.Store().Get("testJobCalls"))+1)
+		})
+	}
+
+	expectedCalls := func(expected int) func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+		return func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+			total := cast.ToInt(app.Store().Get("testJobCalls"))
+			if total != expected {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected total testJobCalls %d, got %d", expected, total)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	scenarios := []tests.ApiScenario{
+		{
+			Name:            "unauthorized",
+			Method:          http.MethodPost,
+			URL:             "/api/crons/test",
+			Delay:           50 * time.Millisecond,
+			BeforeTestFunc:  beforeTestFunc,
+			AfterTestFunc:   expectedCalls(0),
+			ExpectedStatus:  401,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authorized as regular user",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/crons/test",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjRxMXhsY2xtZmxva3UzMyIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoiX3BiX3VzZXJzX2F1dGhfIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.ZT3F0Z3iM-xbGgSG3LEKiEzHrPHr8t8IuHLZGGNuxLo",
+			},
+			Delay:           50 * time.Millisecond,
+			BeforeTestFunc:  beforeTestFunc,
+			AfterTestFunc:   expectedCalls(0),
+			ExpectedStatus:  403,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authorized as superuser (missing job)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/crons/missing",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			Delay:           50 * time.Millisecond,
+			BeforeTestFunc:  beforeTestFunc,
+			AfterTestFunc:   expectedCalls(0),
+			ExpectedStatus:  404,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authorized as superuser (existing job)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/crons/test",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			Delay:          50 * time.Millisecond,
+			BeforeTestFunc: beforeTestFunc,
+			AfterTestFunc:  expectedCalls(1),
+			ExpectedStatus: 204,
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, scenario := range scenarios {
+		scenario.Test(t)
+	}
+}

apis/file.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"net/http"
+	"os"
 	"runtime"
 	"time"
 
@@ -13,19 +14,30 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/filesystem"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/list"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/router"
+	"github.com/spf13/cast"
 	"golang.org/x/sync/semaphore"
 	"golang.org/x/sync/singleflight"
 )
 
-var imageContentTypes = []string{"image/png", "image/jpg", "image/jpeg", "image/gif"}
+var imageContentTypes = []string{"image/png", "image/jpg", "image/jpeg", "image/gif", "image/webp"}
 var defaultThumbSizes = []string{"100x100"}
 
 // bindFileApi registers the file api endpoints and the corresponding handlers.
 func bindFileApi(app core.App, rg *router.RouterGroup[*core.RequestEvent]) {
+	maxWorkers := cast.ToInt64(os.Getenv("PB_THUMBS_MAX_WORKERS"))
+	if maxWorkers <= 0 {
+		maxWorkers = int64(runtime.NumCPU() + 2) // the value is arbitrary chosen and may change in the future
+	}
+
+	maxWait := cast.ToInt64(os.Getenv("PB_THUMBS_MAX_WAIT"))
+	if maxWait <= 0 {
+		maxWait = 60
+	}
+
 	api := fileApi{
-		thumbGenSem:     semaphore.NewWeighted(int64(runtime.NumCPU() + 2)), // the value is arbitrary chosen and may change in the future
 		thumbGenPending: new(singleflight.Group),
-		thumbGenMaxWait: 60 * time.Second,
+		thumbGenSem:     semaphore.NewWeighted(maxWorkers),
+		thumbGenMaxWait: time.Duration(maxWait) * time.Second,
 	}
 
 	sub := rg.Group("/files")
@@ -63,8 +75,8 @@ func (api *fileApi) fileToken(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	event.Record = e.Auth
 
 	return e.App.OnFileTokenRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.FileTokenRequestEvent) error {
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]string{
-			"token": e.Token,
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]string{"token": e.Token})
 		})
 	})
 }
@@ -130,8 +142,14 @@ func (api *fileApi) download(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	defer fsys.Close()
 
 	originalPath := baseFilesPath + "/" + filename
-	servedPath := originalPath
-	servedName := filename
+
+	event := new(core.FileDownloadRequestEvent)
+	event.RequestEvent = e
+	event.Collection = collection
+	event.Record = record
+	event.FileField = fileField
+	event.ServedPath = originalPath
+	event.ServedName = filename
 
 	// check for valid thumb size param
 	thumbSize := e.Request.URL.Query().Get("thumb")
@@ -145,34 +163,31 @@ func (api *fileApi) download(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		// check if it is an image
 		if list.ExistInSlice(oAttrs.ContentType, imageContentTypes) {
 			// add thumb size as file suffix
-			servedName = thumbSize + "_" + filename
-			servedPath = baseFilesPath + "/thumbs_" + filename + "/" + servedName
+			event.ServedName = thumbSize + "_" + filename
+			event.ServedPath = baseFilesPath + "/thumbs_" + filename + "/" + event.ServedName
 
 			// create a new thumb if it doesn't exist
-			if exists, _ := fsys.Exists(servedPath); !exists {
-				if err := api.createThumb(e, fsys, originalPath, servedPath, thumbSize); err != nil {
+			if exists, _ := fsys.Exists(event.ServedPath); !exists {
+				if err := api.createThumb(e, fsys, originalPath, event.ServedPath, thumbSize); err != nil {
 					e.App.Logger().Warn(
-						"Fallback to original - failed to create thumb "+servedName,
+						"Fallback to original - failed to create thumb "+event.ServedName,
 						slog.Any("error", err),
 						slog.String("original", originalPath),
-						slog.String("thumb", servedPath),
+						slog.String("thumb", event.ServedPath),
 					)
 
 					// fallback to the original
-					servedName = filename
-					servedPath = originalPath
+					event.ThumbError = err
+					event.ServedName = filename
+					event.ServedPath = originalPath
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	event := new(core.FileDownloadRequestEvent)
-	event.RequestEvent = e
-	event.Collection = collection
-	event.Record = record
-	event.FileField = fileField
-	event.ServedPath = servedPath
-	event.ServedName = servedName
+	if thumbSize != "" && event.ThumbError == nil && event.ServedPath == originalPath {
+		event.ThumbError = fmt.Errorf("the thumb size %q or the original file format are not supported", thumbSize)
+	}
 
 	// clickjacking shouldn't be a concern when serving uploaded files,
 	// so it safe to unset the global X-Frame-Options to allow files embedding
@@ -180,7 +195,10 @@ func (api *fileApi) download(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	e.Response.Header().Del("X-Frame-Options")
 
 	return e.App.OnFileDownloadRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
-		if err := fsys.Serve(e.Response, e.Request, e.ServedPath, e.ServedName); err != nil {
+		err = execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return fsys.Serve(e.Response, e.Request, e.ServedPath, e.ServedName)
+		})
+		if err != nil {
 			return e.NotFoundError("", err)
 		}
 

apis/file_test.go

@@ -181,9 +181,17 @@ func TestFileDownload(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:            "existing image - missing thumb (should fallback to the original)",
-			Method:          http.MethodGet,
-			URL:             "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=999x999",
+			Name:   "existing image - missing thumb (should fallback to the original)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=999x999",
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnFileDownloadRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
+					if e.ThumbError == nil {
+						t.Fatal("Expected thumb error, got nil")
+					}
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{string(testImg)},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
@@ -192,9 +200,17 @@ func TestFileDownload(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:            "existing image - existing thumb (crop center)",
-			Method:          http.MethodGet,
-			URL:             "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x50",
+			Name:   "existing image - existing thumb (crop center)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x50",
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnFileDownloadRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
+					if e.ThumbError != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected no thumb error, got %v", e.ThumbError)
+					}
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{string(testThumbCropCenter)},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
@@ -203,9 +219,17 @@ func TestFileDownload(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:            "existing image - existing thumb (crop top)",
-			Method:          http.MethodGet,
-			URL:             "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x50t",
+			Name:   "existing image - existing thumb (crop top)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x50t",
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnFileDownloadRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
+					if e.ThumbError != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected no thumb error, got %v", e.ThumbError)
+					}
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{string(testThumbCropTop)},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
@@ -214,9 +238,17 @@ func TestFileDownload(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:            "existing image - existing thumb (crop bottom)",
-			Method:          http.MethodGet,
-			URL:             "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x50b",
+			Name:   "existing image - existing thumb (crop bottom)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x50b",
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnFileDownloadRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
+					if e.ThumbError != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected no thumb error, got %v", e.ThumbError)
+					}
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{string(testThumbCropBottom)},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
@@ -225,9 +257,17 @@ func TestFileDownload(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:            "existing image - existing thumb (fit)",
-			Method:          http.MethodGet,
-			URL:             "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x50f",
+			Name:   "existing image - existing thumb (fit)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x50f",
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnFileDownloadRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
+					if e.ThumbError != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected no thumb error, got %v", e.ThumbError)
+					}
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{string(testThumbFit)},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
@@ -236,9 +276,17 @@ func TestFileDownload(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:            "existing image - existing thumb (zero width)",
-			Method:          http.MethodGet,
-			URL:             "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=0x50",
+			Name:   "existing image - existing thumb (zero width)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=0x50",
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnFileDownloadRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
+					if e.ThumbError != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected no thumb error, got %v", e.ThumbError)
+					}
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{string(testThumbZeroWidth)},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
@@ -247,9 +295,17 @@ func TestFileDownload(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:            "existing image - existing thumb (zero height)",
-			Method:          http.MethodGet,
-			URL:             "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x0",
+			Name:   "existing image - existing thumb (zero height)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/4q1xlclmfloku33/300_1SEi6Q6U72.png?thumb=70x0",
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnFileDownloadRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
+					if e.ThumbError != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected no thumb error, got %v", e.ThumbError)
+					}
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{string(testThumbZeroHeight)},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
@@ -258,9 +314,17 @@ func TestFileDownload(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:            "existing non image file - thumb parameter should be ignored",
-			Method:          http.MethodGet,
-			URL:             "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/oap640cot4yru2s/test_kfd2wYLxkz.txt?thumb=100x100",
+			Name:   "existing non image file - thumb parameter should be ignored",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/files/_pb_users_auth_/oap640cot4yru2s/test_kfd2wYLxkz.txt?thumb=100x100",
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnFileDownloadRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.FileDownloadRequestEvent) error {
+					if e.ThumbError == nil {
+						t.Fatal("Expected thumb error, got nil")
+					}
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{string(testFile)},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{

apis/installer.go

@@ -5,44 +5,55 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/fatih/color"
-	"github.com/go-ozzo/ozzo-validation/v4/is"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/dbx"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
-	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/security"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/osutils"
 )
 
-// @todo consider combining with the installer specific hooks after refactoring cmd
-func loadInstaller(app core.App, dashboardURL string) error {
-	if !needInstallerSuperuser(app) {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	installerRecord, err := findOrCreateInstallerSuperuser(app)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	token, err := installerRecord.NewStaticAuthToken(30 * time.Minute)
+// DefaultInstallerFunc is the default PocketBase installer function.
+//
+// It will attempt to open a link in the browser (with a short-lived auth
+// token for the systemSuperuser) to the installer UI so that users can
+// create their own custom superuser record.
+//
+// See https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/discussions/5814.
+func DefaultInstallerFunc(app core.App, systemSuperuser *core.Record, baseURL string) error {
+	token, err := systemSuperuser.NewStaticAuthToken(30 * time.Minute)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	// launch url (ignore errors and always print a help text as fallback)
-	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/#/pbinstal/%s", strings.TrimRight(dashboardURL, "/"), token)
-	_ = launchURL(url)
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/_/#/pbinstal/%s", strings.TrimRight(baseURL, "/"), token)
+	_ = osutils.LaunchURL(url)
 	color.Magenta("\n(!) Launch the URL below in the browser if it hasn't been open already to create your first superuser account:")
 	color.New(color.Bold).Add(color.FgCyan).Println(url)
-	color.New(color.FgHiBlack, color.Italic).Printf("(you can also create your first superuser by running: %s superuser upsert EMAIL PASS)\n\n", os.Args[0])
+	color.New(color.FgHiBlack, color.Italic).Printf("(you can also create your first superuser by running: %s superuser upsert EMAIL PASS)\n\n", executablePath())
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+func loadInstaller(
+	app core.App,
+	baseURL string,
+	installerFunc func(app core.App, systemSuperuser *core.Record, baseURL string) error,
+) error {
+	if installerFunc == nil || !needInstallerSuperuser(app) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	superuser, err := findOrCreateInstallerSuperuser(app)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return installerFunc(app, superuser, baseURL)
+}
+
 func needInstallerSuperuser(app core.App) bool {
 	total, err := app.CountRecords(core.CollectionNameSuperusers, dbx.Not(dbx.HashExp{
 		"email": core.DefaultInstallerEmail,
@@ -65,7 +76,7 @@ func findOrCreateInstallerSuperuser(app core.App) (*core.Record, error) {
 
 		record = core.NewRecord(col)
 		record.SetEmail(core.DefaultInstallerEmail)
-		record.SetPassword(security.RandomString(30))
+		record.SetRandomPassword()
 
 		err = app.Save(record)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -76,19 +87,10 @@ func findOrCreateInstallerSuperuser(app core.App) (*core.Record, error) {
 	return record, nil
 }
 
-func launchURL(url string) error {
-	if err := is.URL.Validate(url); err != nil {
-		return err
+func executablePath() string {
+	if osutils.IsProbablyGoRun() {
+		return "go run ."
 	}
 
-	switch runtime.GOOS {
-	case "darwin":
-		return exec.Command("open", url).Start()
-	case "windows":
-		// not sure if this is the best command but seems to be the most reliable based on the comments in
-		// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3739327/launching-a-website-via-the-windows-commandline#answer-49115945
-		return exec.Command("rundll32", "url.dll,FileProtocolHandler", url).Start()
-	default: // linux, freebsd, etc.
-		return exec.Command("xdg-open", url).Start()
-	}
+	return os.Args[0]
 }

apis/middlewares.go

@@ -365,11 +365,25 @@ func logRequest(event *core.RequestEvent, err error) {
 
 	// parse the request error
 	if err != nil {
-		if apiErr, ok := err.(*router.ApiError); ok {
-			status = apiErr.Status
+		apiErr, isPlainApiError := err.(*router.ApiError)
+		if isPlainApiError || errors.As(err, &apiErr) {
+			// the status header wasn't written yet
+			if status == 0 {
+				status = apiErr.Status
+			}
+
+			var errMsg string
+			if isPlainApiError {
+				errMsg = apiErr.Message
+			} else {
+				// wrapped ApiError -> add the full serialized version
+				// of the original error since it could contain more information
+				errMsg = err.Error()
+			}
+
 			attrs = append(
 				attrs,
-				slog.String("error", apiErr.Message),
+				slog.String("error", errMsg),
 				slog.Any("details", apiErr.RawData()),
 			)
 		} else {

apis/middlewares_body_limit.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const (
 	DefaultBodyLimitMiddlewarePriority = DefaultRateLimitMiddlewarePriority + 10
 )
 
-// BodyLimit returns a middleware function that changes the default request body size limit.
+// BodyLimit returns a middleware handler that changes the default request body size limit.
 //
 // If limitBytes <= 0, no limit is applied.
 //

apis/middlewares_cors.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ package apis
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import (
+	"log"
 	"net/http"
 	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
@@ -124,8 +125,8 @@ var DefaultCORSConfig = CORSConfig{
 	AllowMethods: []string{http.MethodGet, http.MethodHead, http.MethodPut, http.MethodPatch, http.MethodPost, http.MethodDelete},
 }
 
-// CORSWithConfig returns a CORS middleware with config.
-func CORSWithConfig(config CORSConfig) *hook.Handler[*core.RequestEvent] {
+// CORS returns a CORS middleware.
+func CORS(config CORSConfig) *hook.Handler[*core.RequestEvent] {
 	// Defaults
 	if len(config.AllowOrigins) == 0 {
 		config.AllowOrigins = DefaultCORSConfig.AllowOrigins
@@ -134,13 +135,26 @@ func CORSWithConfig(config CORSConfig) *hook.Handler[*core.RequestEvent] {
 		config.AllowMethods = DefaultCORSConfig.AllowMethods
 	}
 
-	allowOriginPatterns := []string{}
+	allowOriginPatterns := make([]*regexp.Regexp, 0, len(config.AllowOrigins))
 	for _, origin := range config.AllowOrigins {
+		if origin == "*" {
+			continue // "*" is handled differently and does not need regexp
+		}
+
 		pattern := regexp.QuoteMeta(origin)
 		pattern = strings.ReplaceAll(pattern, "\\*", ".*")
 		pattern = strings.ReplaceAll(pattern, "\\?", ".")
 		pattern = "^" + pattern + "$"
-		allowOriginPatterns = append(allowOriginPatterns, pattern)
+
+		re, err := regexp.Compile(pattern)
+		if err != nil {
+			// This is to preserve previous behaviour - invalid patterns were just ignored.
+			// If we would turn this to panic, users with invalid patterns
+			// would have applications crashing in production due unrecovered panic.
+			log.Println("invalid AllowOrigins pattern", origin)
+			continue
+		}
+		allowOriginPatterns = append(allowOriginPatterns, re)
 	}
 
 	allowMethods := strings.Join(config.AllowMethods, ",")
@@ -210,7 +224,7 @@ func CORSWithConfig(config CORSConfig) *hook.Handler[*core.RequestEvent] {
 				}
 				if checkPatterns {
 					for _, re := range allowOriginPatterns {
-						if match, _ := regexp.MatchString(re, origin); match {
+						if match := re.MatchString(origin); match {
 							allowOrigin = origin
 							break
 						}
@@ -272,6 +286,7 @@ func matchSubdomain(domain, pattern string) bool {
 	if !matchScheme(domain, pattern) {
 		return false
 	}
+
 	didx := strings.Index(domain, "://")
 	pidx := strings.Index(pattern, "://")
 	if didx == -1 || pidx == -1 {
@@ -307,5 +322,6 @@ func matchSubdomain(domain, pattern string) bool {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
+
 	return false
 }

apis/middlewares_gzip.go

@@ -221,23 +221,26 @@ func (w *gzipResponseWriter) Push(target string, opts *http.PushOptions) error {
 	}
 }
 
-func (w *gzipResponseWriter) ReadFrom(r io.Reader) (n int64, err error) {
-	if w.wroteHeader {
-		w.ResponseWriter.WriteHeader(w.code)
-	}
-
-	rw := w.ResponseWriter
-	for {
-		switch rf := rw.(type) {
-		case io.ReaderFrom:
-			return rf.ReadFrom(r)
-		case router.RWUnwrapper:
-			rw = rf.Unwrap()
-		default:
-			return io.Copy(w.ResponseWriter, r)
-		}
-	}
-}
+// Note: Disable the implementation for now because in case the platform
+// supports the sendfile fast-path it won't run gzipResponseWriter.Write,
+// preventing compression on the fly.
+//
+// func (w *gzipResponseWriter) ReadFrom(r io.Reader) (n int64, err error) {
+// 	if w.wroteHeader {
+// 		w.ResponseWriter.WriteHeader(w.code)
+// 	}
+// 	rw := w.ResponseWriter
+// 	for {
+// 		switch rf := rw.(type) {
+// 		case io.ReaderFrom:
+// 			return rf.ReadFrom(r)
+// 		case router.RWUnwrapper:
+// 			rw = rf.Unwrap()
+// 		default:
+// 			return io.Copy(w.ResponseWriter, r)
+// 		}
+// 	}
+// }
 
 func (w *gzipResponseWriter) Unwrap() http.ResponseWriter {
 	return w.ResponseWriter

apis/middlewares_rate_limit.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package apis
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -32,9 +33,12 @@ func rateLimit() *hook.Handler[*core.RequestEvent] {
 				return e.Next()
 			}
 
-			rule, ok := e.App.Settings().RateLimits.FindRateLimitRule(defaultRateLimitLabels(e))
+			rule, ok := e.App.Settings().RateLimits.FindRateLimitRule(
+				defaultRateLimitLabels(e),
+				defaultRateLimitAudience(e)...,
+			)
 			if ok {
-				err := checkRateLimit(e, e.Request.Pattern, rule)
+				err := checkRateLimit(e, rule.Label+rule.Audience, rule)
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
@@ -94,9 +98,9 @@ func checkCollectionRateLimit(e *core.RequestEvent, collection *core.Collection,
 	}
 	labels = append(labels, defaultRateLimitLabels(e)...)
 
-	rule, ok := e.App.Settings().RateLimits.FindRateLimitRule(labels)
+	rule, ok := e.App.Settings().RateLimits.FindRateLimitRule(labels, defaultRateLimitAudience(e)...)
 	if ok {
-		return checkRateLimit(e, rtId, rule)
+		return checkRateLimit(e, rtId+rule.Audience, rule)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -104,11 +108,46 @@ func checkCollectionRateLimit(e *core.RequestEvent, collection *core.Collection,
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-// @todo consider exporting as RateLimit helper?
+// @todo consider exporting as helper?
+//
+//nolint:unused
+func isClientRateLimited(e *core.RequestEvent, rtId string) bool {
+	rateLimiters, ok := e.App.Store().Get(rateLimitersStoreKey).(*store.Store[string, *rateLimiter])
+	if !ok || rateLimiters == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	rt, ok := rateLimiters.GetOk(rtId)
+	if !ok || rt == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	client, ok := rt.getClient(e.RealIP())
+	if !ok || client == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return client.available <= 0 && time.Now().Unix()-client.lastConsume < client.interval
+}
+
+// @todo consider exporting as helper?
 func checkRateLimit(e *core.RequestEvent, rtId string, rule core.RateLimitRule) error {
+	switch rule.Audience {
+	case core.RateLimitRuleAudienceAll:
+		// valid for both guest and regular users
+	case core.RateLimitRuleAudienceGuest:
+		if e.Auth != nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+	case core.RateLimitRuleAudienceAuth:
+		if e.Auth == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
 	rateLimiters := e.App.Store().GetOrSet(rateLimitersStoreKey, func() any {
 		return initRateLimitersStore(e.App)
-	}).(*store.Store[*rateLimiter])
+	}).(*store.Store[string, *rateLimiter])
 	if rateLimiters == nil {
 		e.App.Logger().Warn("Failed to retrieve app rate limiters store")
 		return nil
@@ -129,7 +168,7 @@ func checkRateLimit(e *core.RequestEvent, rtId string, rule core.RateLimitRule)
 	}
 
 	if !rt.isAllowed(key) {
-		return e.TooManyRequestsError("", nil)
+		return e.TooManyRequestsError("", errors.New("triggered rate limit rule: "+rule.String()))
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -139,6 +178,17 @@ func skipRateLimit(e *core.RequestEvent) bool {
 	return !e.App.Settings().RateLimits.Enabled || e.HasSuperuserAuth()
 }
 
+var defaultAuthAudience = []string{core.RateLimitRuleAudienceAll, core.RateLimitRuleAudienceAuth}
+var defaultGuestAudience = []string{core.RateLimitRuleAudienceAll, core.RateLimitRuleAudienceGuest}
+
+func defaultRateLimitAudience(e *core.RequestEvent) []string {
+	if e.Auth != nil {
+		return defaultAuthAudience
+	}
+
+	return defaultGuestAudience
+}
+
 func defaultRateLimitLabels(e *core.RequestEvent) []string {
 	return []string{e.Request.Method + " " + e.Request.URL.Path, e.Request.URL.Path}
 }
@@ -149,9 +199,9 @@ func destroyRateLimitersStore(app core.App) {
 	app.Store().Remove(rateLimitersStoreKey)
 }
 
-func initRateLimitersStore(app core.App) *store.Store[*rateLimiter] {
+func initRateLimitersStore(app core.App) *store.Store[string, *rateLimiter] {
 	app.Cron().Add(rateLimitersCronKey, "2 * * * *", func() { // offset a little since too many cleanup tasks execute at 00
-		limitersStore, ok := app.Store().Get(rateLimitersStoreKey).(*store.Store[*rateLimiter])
+		limitersStore, ok := app.Store().Get(rateLimitersStoreKey).(*store.Store[string, *rateLimiter])
 		if !ok {
 			return
 		}
@@ -176,7 +226,7 @@ func initRateLimitersStore(app core.App) *store.Store[*rateLimiter] {
 		},
 	})
 
-	return store.New[*rateLimiter](nil)
+	return store.New[string, *rateLimiter](nil)
 }
 
 func newRateLimiter(maxAllowed int, intervalInSec int64, minDeleteIntervalInSec int64) *rateLimiter {
@@ -184,12 +234,12 @@ func newRateLimiter(maxAllowed int, intervalInSec int64, minDeleteIntervalInSec
 		maxAllowed:        maxAllowed,
 		interval:          intervalInSec,
 		minDeleteInterval: minDeleteIntervalInSec,
-		clients:           map[string]*fixedWindow{},
+		clients:           map[string]*rateClient{},
 	}
 }
 
 type rateLimiter struct {
-	clients map[string]*fixedWindow
+	clients map[string]*rateClient
 
 	maxAllowed        int
 	interval          int64
@@ -199,6 +249,15 @@ type rateLimiter struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
 }
 
+//nolint:unused
+func (rt *rateLimiter) getClient(key string) (*rateClient, bool) {
+	rt.RLock()
+	client, ok := rt.clients[key]
+	rt.RUnlock()
+
+	return client, ok
+}
+
 func (rt *rateLimiter) isAllowed(key string) bool {
 	// lock only reads to minimize locks contention
 	rt.RLock()
@@ -210,7 +269,7 @@ func (rt *rateLimiter) isAllowed(key string) bool {
 		// check again in case the client was added by another request
 		client, ok = rt.clients[key]
 		if !ok {
-			client = newFixedWindow(rt.maxAllowed, rt.interval)
+			client = newRateClient(rt.maxAllowed, rt.interval)
 			rt.clients[key] = client
 		}
 		rt.Unlock()
@@ -236,7 +295,7 @@ func (rt *rateLimiter) clean() {
 	//
 	// @todo remove after https://github.com/golang/go/issues/20135
 	if rt.totalDeleted >= 300 {
-		shrunk := make(map[string]*fixedWindow, len(rt.clients))
+		shrunk := make(map[string]*rateClient, len(rt.clients))
 		for k, v := range rt.clients {
 			shrunk[k] = v
 		}
@@ -245,14 +304,20 @@ func (rt *rateLimiter) clean() {
 	}
 }
 
-func newFixedWindow(maxAllowed int, intervalInSec int64) *fixedWindow {
-	return &fixedWindow{
+func newRateClient(maxAllowed int, intervalInSec int64) *rateClient {
+	return &rateClient{
 		maxAllowed: maxAllowed,
 		interval:   intervalInSec,
 	}
 }
 
-type fixedWindow struct {
+// @todo evaluate swiching to a more traditional fixed window or sliding window counter
+// implementations since some users complained that it is not intuitive (see #7329).
+//
+// rateClient is a mixture of token bucket and fixed window rate limit strategies
+// that refills the allowance only after at least "interval" seconds
+// has elapsed since the last request.
+type rateClient struct {
 	// use plain Mutex instead of RWMutex since the operations are expected
 	// to be mostly writes (e.g. consume()) and it should perform better
 	sync.Mutex
@@ -265,18 +330,18 @@ type fixedWindow struct {
 
 // hasExpired checks whether it has been at least minElapsed seconds since the lastConsume time.
 // (usually used to perform periodic cleanup of staled instances).
-func (l *fixedWindow) hasExpired(relativeNow int64, minElapsed int64) bool {
+func (l *rateClient) hasExpired(relativeNow int64, minElapsed int64) bool {
 	l.Lock()
 	defer l.Unlock()
 
 	return relativeNow-l.lastConsume > minElapsed
 }
 
-// consume decrease the current window allowance with 1 (if not exhausted already).
+// consume decreases the current allowance with 1 (if not exhausted already).
 //
 // It returns false if the allowance has been already exhausted and the user
 // has to wait until it resets back to its maxAllowed value.
-func (l *fixedWindow) consume() bool {
+func (l *rateClient) consume() bool {
 	l.Lock()
 	defer l.Unlock()
 

apis/middlewares_rate_limit_test.go

@@ -31,6 +31,18 @@ func TestDefaultRateLimitMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 			MaxRequests: 1,
 			Duration:    1,
 		},
+		{
+			Label:       "/rate/guest",
+			MaxRequests: 1,
+			Duration:    1,
+			Audience:    core.RateLimitRuleAudienceGuest,
+		},
+		{
+			Label:       "/rate/auth",
+			MaxRequests: 1,
+			Duration:    1,
+			Audience:    core.RateLimitRuleAudienceAuth,
+		},
 	}
 
 	pbRouter, err := apis.NewRouter(app)
@@ -48,6 +60,12 @@ func TestDefaultRateLimitMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 	pbRouter.GET("/rate/b", func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		return e.String(200, "b")
 	})
+	pbRouter.GET("/rate/guest", func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+		return e.String(200, "guest")
+	})
+	pbRouter.GET("/rate/auth", func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+		return e.String(200, "auth")
+	})
 
 	mux, err := pbRouter.BuildMux()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -57,30 +75,53 @@ func TestDefaultRateLimitMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 	scenarios := []struct {
 		url            string
 		wait           float64
+		authenticated  bool
 		expectedStatus int
 	}{
-		{"/norate", 0, 200},
-		{"/norate", 0, 200},
-		{"/norate", 0, 200},
-		{"/norate", 0, 200},
-		{"/norate", 0, 200},
+		{"/norate", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/norate", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/norate", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/norate", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/norate", 0, false, 200},
 
-		{"/rate/a", 0, 200},
-		{"/rate/a", 0, 200},
-		{"/rate/a", 0, 429},
-		{"/rate/a", 0, 429},
-		{"/rate/a", 1.1, 200},
-		{"/rate/a", 0, 200},
-		{"/rate/a", 0, 429},
+		{"/rate/a", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/a", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/a", 0, false, 429},
+		{"/rate/a", 0, false, 429},
+		{"/rate/a", 1.1, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/a", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/a", 0, false, 429},
 
-		{"/rate/b", 0, 200},
-		{"/rate/b", 0, 200},
-		{"/rate/b", 0, 200},
-		{"/rate/b", 0, 429},
-		{"/rate/b", 1.1, 200},
-		{"/rate/b", 0, 200},
-		{"/rate/b", 0, 200},
-		{"/rate/b", 0, 429},
+		{"/rate/b", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/b", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/b", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/b", 0, false, 429},
+		{"/rate/b", 1.1, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/b", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/b", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/b", 0, false, 429},
+
+		// "auth" with guest (should fallback to the /rate/ rule)
+		{"/rate/auth", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/auth", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/auth", 0, false, 429},
+		{"/rate/auth", 0, false, 429},
+
+		// "auth" rule with regular user (should match the /rate/auth rule)
+		{"/rate/auth", 0, true, 200},
+		{"/rate/auth", 0, true, 429},
+		{"/rate/auth", 0, true, 429},
+
+		// "guest" with guest (should match the /rate/guest rule)
+		{"/rate/guest", 0, false, 200},
+		{"/rate/guest", 0, false, 429},
+		{"/rate/guest", 0, false, 429},
+
+		// "guest" rule with regular user (should fallback to the /rate/ rule)
+		{"/rate/guest", 1.1, true, 200},
+		{"/rate/guest", 0, true, 200},
+		{"/rate/guest", 0, true, 429},
+		{"/rate/guest", 0, true, 429},
 	}
 
 	for _, s := range scenarios {
@@ -91,6 +132,21 @@ func TestDefaultRateLimitMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 
 			rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
 			req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", s.url, nil)
+
+			if s.authenticated {
+				auth, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				token, err := auth.NewAuthToken()
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				req.Header.Add("Authorization", token)
+			}
+
 			mux.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
 
 			result := rec.Result()

apis/realtime.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
@@ -83,11 +84,10 @@ func realtimeConnect(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			Data: []byte(`{"clientId":"` + ce.Client.Id() + `"}`),
 		}
 		connectMsgErr := ce.App.OnRealtimeMessageSend().Trigger(connectMsgEvent, func(me *core.RealtimeMessageEvent) error {
-			me.Response.Write([]byte("id:" + me.Client.Id() + "\n"))
-			me.Response.Write([]byte("event:" + me.Message.Name + "\n"))
-			me.Response.Write([]byte("data:"))
-			me.Response.Write(me.Message.Data)
-			me.Response.Write([]byte("\n\n"))
+			err := me.Message.WriteSSE(me.Response, me.Client.Id())
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 			return me.Flush()
 		})
 		if connectMsgErr != nil {
@@ -122,11 +122,10 @@ func realtimeConnect(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 				msgEvent.Client = ce.Client
 				msgEvent.Message = &msg
 				msgErr := ce.App.OnRealtimeMessageSend().Trigger(msgEvent, func(me *core.RealtimeMessageEvent) error {
-					me.Response.Write([]byte("id:" + me.Client.Id() + "\n"))
-					me.Response.Write([]byte("event:" + me.Message.Name + "\n"))
-					me.Response.Write([]byte("data:"))
-					me.Response.Write(me.Message.Data)
-					me.Response.Write([]byte("\n\n"))
+					err := me.Message.WriteSSE(me.Response, me.Client.Id())
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
 					return me.Flush()
 				})
 				if msgErr != nil {
@@ -214,7 +213,9 @@ func realtimeSetSubscriptions(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			slog.Any("subscriptions", e.Subscriptions),
 		)
 
-		return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
@@ -242,8 +243,8 @@ func realtimeUpdateClientsAuth(app core.App, newAuthRecord *core.Record) error {
 	return group.Wait()
 }
 
-// unregisterClientsByAuthModel unregister all clients that has the provided auth model.
-func realtimeUnregisterClientsByAuth(app core.App, authModel core.Model) error {
+// realtimeUnsetClientsAuthState unsets the auth state of all clients that have the provided auth model.
+func realtimeUnsetClientsAuthState(app core.App, authModel core.Model) error {
 	chunks := app.SubscriptionsBroker().ChunkedClients(clientsChunkSize)
 
 	group := new(errgroup.Group)
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ func realtimeUnregisterClientsByAuth(app core.App, authModel core.Model) error {
 				if clientAuth != nil &&
 					clientAuth.Id == authModel.PK() &&
 					clientAuth.Collection().Name == authModel.TableName() {
-					app.SubscriptionsBroker().Unregister(client.Id())
+					client.Unset(RealtimeClientAuthKey)
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ func bindRealtimeEvents(app core.App) {
 		Func: func(e *core.ModelEvent) error {
 			collection := realtimeResolveRecordCollection(e.App, e.Model)
 			if collection != nil && collection.IsAuth() {
-				if err := realtimeUnregisterClientsByAuth(e.App, e.Model); err != nil {
+				if err := realtimeUnsetClientsAuthState(e.App, e.Model); err != nil {
 					app.Logger().Warn(
 						"Failed to remove client(s) associated to the deleted auth model",
 						slog.Any("id", e.Model.PK()),
@@ -353,7 +354,10 @@ func bindRealtimeEvents(app core.App) {
 		Func: func(e *core.ModelEvent) error {
 			record := realtimeResolveRecord(e.App, e.Model, "")
 			if record != nil {
-				err := realtimeBroadcastRecord(e.App, "delete", record, true)
+				// note: use the outside scoped app instance for the access checks so that the API rules
+				// are performed out of the delete transaction ensuring that they would still work even if
+				// a cascade-deleted record's API rule relies on an already deleted parent record
+				err := realtimeBroadcastRecord(e.App, "delete", record, true, app)
 				if err != nil {
 					app.Logger().Debug(
 						"Failed to dry cache record delete",
@@ -372,14 +376,17 @@ func bindRealtimeEvents(app core.App) {
 	// delete: broadcast
 	app.OnModelAfterDeleteSuccess().Bind(&hook.Handler[*core.ModelEvent]{
 		Func: func(e *core.ModelEvent) error {
-			record := realtimeResolveRecord(e.App, e.Model, "")
-			if record != nil {
-				err := realtimeBroadcastDryCachedRecord(e.App, "delete", record)
+			// note: only ensure that it is a collection record
+			// and don't use realtimeResolveRecord because in case of a
+			// custom model it'll fail to resolve since the record is already deleted
+			collection := realtimeResolveRecordCollection(e.App, e.Model)
+			if collection != nil {
+				err := realtimeBroadcastDryCacheKey(e.App, getDryCacheKey("delete", e.Model))
 				if err != nil {
 					app.Logger().Debug(
 						"Failed to broadcast record delete",
-						slog.String("id", record.Id),
-						slog.String("collectionName", record.Collection().Name),
+						slog.Any("id", e.Model.PK()),
+						slog.String("collectionName", collection.Name),
 						slog.String("error", err.Error()),
 					)
 				}
@@ -395,7 +402,7 @@ func bindRealtimeEvents(app core.App) {
 		Func: func(e *core.ModelErrorEvent) error {
 			record := realtimeResolveRecord(e.App, e.Model, "")
 			if record != nil {
-				err := realtimeUnsetDryCachedRecord(e.App, "delete", record)
+				err := realtimeUnsetDryCacheKey(e.App, getDryCacheKey("delete", record))
 				if err != nil {
 					app.Logger().Debug(
 						"Failed to cleanup after broadcast record delete failure",
@@ -415,7 +422,14 @@ func bindRealtimeEvents(app core.App) {
 // resolveRecord converts *if possible* the provided model interface to a Record.
 // This is usually helpful if the provided model is a custom Record model struct.
 func realtimeResolveRecord(app core.App, model core.Model, optCollectionType string) *core.Record {
-	record, _ := model.(*core.Record)
+	var record *core.Record
+	switch m := model.(type) {
+	case *core.Record:
+		record = m
+	case core.RecordProxy:
+		record = m.ProxyRecord()
+	}
+
 	if record != nil {
 		if optCollectionType == "" || record.Collection().Type == optCollectionType {
 			return record
@@ -444,14 +458,20 @@ func realtimeResolveRecord(app core.App, model core.Model, optCollectionType str
 // realtimeResolveRecordCollection extracts *if possible* the Collection model from the provided model interface.
 // This is usually helpful if the provided model is a custom Record model struct.
 func realtimeResolveRecordCollection(app core.App, model core.Model) (collection *core.Collection) {
-	if record, ok := model.(*core.Record); ok {
-		collection = record.Collection()
-	} else {
-		// check if it is custom Record model struct (ignore "private" tables)
-		collection, _ = app.FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(model.TableName())
+	switch m := model.(type) {
+	case *core.Record:
+		return m.Collection()
+	case core.RecordProxy:
+		return m.ProxyRecord().Collection()
+	default:
+		// check if it is custom Record model struct
+		collection, err := app.FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(model.TableName())
+		if err == nil {
+			return collection
+		}
 	}
 
-	return collection
+	return nil
 }
 
 // recordData represents the broadcasted record subscrition message data.
@@ -460,7 +480,11 @@ type recordData struct {
 	Action string `json:"action"`
 }
 
-func realtimeBroadcastRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record, dryCache bool) error {
+// Note: the optAccessCheckApp is there in case you want the access check
+// to be performed against different db app context (e.g. out of a transaction).
+// If set, it is expected that optAccessCheckApp instance is used for read-only operations to avoid deadlocks.
+// If not set, it fallbacks to app.
+func realtimeBroadcastRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record, dryCache bool, optAccessCheckApp ...core.App) error {
 	collection := record.Collection()
 	if collection == nil {
 		return errors.New("[broadcastRecord] Record collection not set")
@@ -482,10 +506,15 @@ func realtimeBroadcastRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record, d
 		(collection.Id + "?"):   collection.ListRule,
 	}
 
-	dryCacheKey := action + "/" + record.Id
+	dryCacheKey := getDryCacheKey(action, record)
 
 	group := new(errgroup.Group)
 
+	accessCheckApp := app
+	if len(optAccessCheckApp) > 0 {
+		accessCheckApp = optAccessCheckApp[0]
+	}
+
 	for _, chunk := range chunks {
 		group.Go(func() error {
 			var clientAuth *core.Record
@@ -502,10 +531,6 @@ func realtimeBroadcastRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record, d
 					clientAuth, _ = client.Get(RealtimeClientAuthKey).(*core.Record)
 
 					for sub, options := range subs {
-						// create a clean record copy without expand and unknown fields
-						// because we don't know yet which exact fields the client subscription has permissions to access
-						cleanRecord := record.Fresh()
-
 						// mock request data
 						requestInfo := &core.RequestInfo{
 							Context: core.RequestInfoContextRealtime,
@@ -515,10 +540,14 @@ func realtimeBroadcastRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record, d
 							Auth:    clientAuth,
 						}
 
-						if !realtimeCanAccessRecord(app, cleanRecord, requestInfo, rule) {
+						if !realtimeCanAccessRecord(accessCheckApp, record, requestInfo, rule) {
 							continue
 						}
 
+						// create a clean record copy without expand and unknown fields because we don't know yet
+						// which exact fields the client subscription requested or has permissions to access
+						cleanRecord := record.Fresh()
+
 						// trigger the enrich hooks
 						enrichErr := triggerRecordEnrichHooks(app, requestInfo, []*core.Record{cleanRecord}, func() error {
 							// apply expand
@@ -541,7 +570,7 @@ func realtimeBroadcastRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record, d
 							// for auth owner, superuser or manager
 							if collection.IsAuth() {
 								if isSameAuth(clientAuth, cleanRecord) ||
-									realtimeCanAccessRecord(app, cleanRecord, requestInfo, collection.ManageRule) {
+									realtimeCanAccessRecord(accessCheckApp, cleanRecord, requestInfo, collection.ManageRule) {
 									cleanRecord.IgnoreEmailVisibility(true)
 								}
 							}
@@ -622,15 +651,13 @@ func realtimeBroadcastRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record, d
 	return group.Wait()
 }
 
-// realtimeBroadcastDryCachedRecord broadcasts all cached record related messages.
-func realtimeBroadcastDryCachedRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record) error {
+// realtimeBroadcastDryCacheKey broadcasts the dry cached key related messages.
+func realtimeBroadcastDryCacheKey(app core.App, key string) error {
 	chunks := app.SubscriptionsBroker().ChunkedClients(clientsChunkSize)
 	if len(chunks) == 0 {
 		return nil // no subscribers
 	}
 
-	key := action + "/" + record.Id
-
 	group := new(errgroup.Group)
 
 	for _, chunk := range chunks {
@@ -659,15 +686,13 @@ func realtimeBroadcastDryCachedRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.
 	return group.Wait()
 }
 
-// realtimeUnsetDryCachedRecord removes the dry cached record related messages.
-func realtimeUnsetDryCachedRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Record) error {
+// realtimeUnsetDryCacheKey removes the dry cached key related messages.
+func realtimeUnsetDryCacheKey(app core.App, key string) error {
 	chunks := app.SubscriptionsBroker().ChunkedClients(clientsChunkSize)
 	if len(chunks) == 0 {
 		return nil // no subscribers
 	}
 
-	key := action + "/" + record.Id
-
 	group := new(errgroup.Group)
 
 	for _, chunk := range chunks {
@@ -685,6 +710,15 @@ func realtimeUnsetDryCachedRecord(app core.App, action string, record *core.Reco
 	return group.Wait()
 }
 
+func getDryCacheKey(action string, model core.Model) string {
+	pkStr, ok := model.PK().(string)
+	if !ok {
+		pkStr = fmt.Sprintf("%v", model.PK())
+	}
+
+	return action + "/" + model.TableName() + "/" + pkStr
+}
+
 func isSameAuth(authA, authB *core.Record) bool {
 	if authA == nil {
 		return authB == nil
@@ -722,9 +756,9 @@ func realtimeCanAccessRecord(
 		return false
 	}
 
-	var exists bool
+	var exists int
 
-	q := app.DB().Select("(1)").
+	q := app.ConcurrentDB().Select("(1)").
 		From(record.Collection().Name).
 		AndWhere(dbx.HashExp{record.Collection().Name + ".id": record.Id})
 
@@ -735,9 +769,13 @@ func realtimeCanAccessRecord(
 	}
 
 	q.AndWhere(expr)
-	resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+
+	err = resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
 
 	err = q.Limit(1).Row(&exists)
 
-	return err == nil && exists
+	return err == nil && exists > 0
 }

apis/realtime_test.go

@@ -2,10 +2,13 @@ package apis_test
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -14,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tests"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/subscriptions"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/types"
 )
 
 func TestRealtimeConnect(t *testing.T) {
@@ -427,26 +431,51 @@ func TestRealtimeAuthRecordDeleteEvent(t *testing.T) {
 	// init realtime handlers
 	apis.NewRouter(testApp)
 
-	authRecord, err := testApp.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
+	authRecord1, err := testApp.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	client := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
-	client.Set(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey, authRecord)
-	testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client)
+	authRecord2, err := testApp.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test2@example.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	client1 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client1.Set(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey, authRecord1)
+	testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client1)
+
+	client2 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client2.Set(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey, authRecord1)
+	testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client2)
+
+	client3 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client3.Set(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey, authRecord2)
+	testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client3)
 
 	// mock delete event
 	e := new(core.ModelEvent)
 	e.App = testApp
 	e.Type = core.ModelEventTypeDelete
 	e.Context = context.Background()
-	e.Model = authRecord
+	e.Model = authRecord1
 
 	testApp.OnModelAfterDeleteSuccess().Trigger(e)
 
-	if total := len(testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Clients()); total != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("Expected no subscription clients, found %d", total)
+	if total := len(testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Clients()); total != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected %d subscription clients, found %d", 3, total)
+	}
+
+	if auth := client1.Get(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey); auth != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("[client1] Expected the auth state to be unset, found %#v", auth)
+	}
+
+	if auth := client2.Get(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey); auth != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("[client2] Expected the auth state to be unset, found %#v", auth)
+	}
+
+	if auth := client3.Get(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey); auth == nil || auth.(*core.Record).Id != authRecord2.Id {
+		t.Fatalf("[client3] Expected the auth state to be left unchanged, found %#v", auth)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -524,17 +553,30 @@ func TestRealtimeCustomAuthModelDeleteEvent(t *testing.T) {
 	// init realtime handlers
 	apis.NewRouter(testApp)
 
-	authRecord, err := testApp.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
+	authRecord1, err := testApp.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	client := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
-	client.Set(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey, authRecord)
-	testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client)
+	authRecord2, err := testApp.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test2@example.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	client1 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client1.Set(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey, authRecord1)
+	testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client1)
+
+	client2 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client2.Set(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey, authRecord1)
+	testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client2)
+
+	client3 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client3.Set(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey, authRecord2)
+	testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client3)
 
 	// refetch the authRecord as CustomUser
-	customUser, err := findCustomUserByEmail(testApp, "test@example.com")
+	customUser, err := findCustomUserByEmail(testApp, authRecord1.Email())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -544,8 +586,20 @@ func TestRealtimeCustomAuthModelDeleteEvent(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if total := len(testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Clients()); total != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("Expected no subscription clients, found %d", total)
+	if total := len(testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Clients()); total != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected %d subscription clients, found %d", 3, total)
+	}
+
+	if auth := client1.Get(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey); auth != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("[client1] Expected the auth state to be unset, found %#v", auth)
+	}
+
+	if auth := client2.Get(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey); auth != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("[client2] Expected the auth state to be unset, found %#v", auth)
+	}
+
+	if auth := client3.Get(apis.RealtimeClientAuthKey); auth == nil || auth.(*core.Record).Id != authRecord2.Id {
+		t.Fatalf("[client3] Expected the auth state to be left unchanged, found %#v", auth)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -582,3 +636,250 @@ func TestRealtimeCustomAuthModelUpdateEvent(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("Expected authRecord with email %q, got %q", customUser.Email, clientAuthRecord.Email())
 	}
 }
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+var _ core.Model = (*CustomModelResolve)(nil)
+
+type CustomModelResolve struct {
+	core.BaseModel
+	tableName string
+
+	Created string `db:"created"`
+}
+
+func (m *CustomModelResolve) TableName() string {
+	return m.tableName
+}
+
+func TestRealtimeRecordResolve(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	const testCollectionName = "realtime_test_collection"
+
+	testRecordId := core.GenerateDefaultRandomId()
+
+	client0 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client0.Subscribe(testCollectionName + "/*")
+	client0.Discard()
+	// ---
+	client1 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client1.Subscribe(testCollectionName + "/*")
+	// ---
+	client2 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client2.Subscribe(testCollectionName + "/" + testRecordId)
+	// ---
+	client3 := subscriptions.NewDefaultClient()
+	client3.Subscribe("demo1/*")
+
+	scenarios := []struct {
+		name     string
+		op       func(testApp core.App) error
+		expected map[string][]string // clientId -> [events]
+	}{
+		{
+			"core.Record",
+			func(testApp core.App) error {
+				c, err := testApp.FindCollectionByNameOrId(testCollectionName)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				r := core.NewRecord(c)
+				r.Id = testRecordId
+
+				// create
+				err = testApp.Save(r)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				// update
+				err = testApp.Save(r)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				// delete
+				err = testApp.Delete(r)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				return nil
+			},
+			map[string][]string{
+				client1.Id(): {"create", "update", "delete"},
+				client2.Id(): {"create", "update", "delete"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"core.RecordProxy",
+			func(testApp core.App) error {
+				c, err := testApp.FindCollectionByNameOrId(testCollectionName)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				r := core.NewRecord(c)
+
+				proxy := &struct {
+					core.BaseRecordProxy
+				}{}
+				proxy.SetProxyRecord(r)
+				proxy.Id = testRecordId
+
+				// create
+				err = testApp.Save(proxy)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				// update
+				err = testApp.Save(proxy)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				// delete
+				err = testApp.Delete(proxy)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				return nil
+			},
+			map[string][]string{
+				client1.Id(): {"create", "update", "delete"},
+				client2.Id(): {"create", "update", "delete"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"custom model struct",
+			func(testApp core.App) error {
+				m := &CustomModelResolve{tableName: testCollectionName}
+				m.Id = testRecordId
+
+				// create
+				err := testApp.Save(m)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				// update
+				m.Created = "123"
+				err = testApp.Save(m)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				// delete
+				err = testApp.Delete(m)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				return nil
+			},
+			map[string][]string{
+				client1.Id(): {"create", "update", "delete"},
+				client2.Id(): {"create", "update", "delete"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, s := range scenarios {
+		t.Run(s.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testApp, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+			defer testApp.Cleanup()
+
+			// init realtime handlers
+			apis.NewRouter(testApp)
+
+			// create new test collection with public read access
+			testCollection := core.NewBaseCollection(testCollectionName)
+			testCollection.Fields.Add(&core.AutodateField{Name: "created", OnCreate: true, OnUpdate: true})
+			testCollection.ListRule = types.Pointer("")
+			testCollection.ViewRule = types.Pointer("")
+			err := testApp.Save(testCollection)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client0)
+			testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client1)
+			testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client2)
+			testApp.SubscriptionsBroker().Register(client3)
+
+			var wg sync.WaitGroup
+
+			var notifications = map[string][]string{}
+
+			var mu sync.Mutex
+			notify := func(clientId string, eventData []byte) {
+				data := struct{ Action string }{}
+				_ = json.Unmarshal(eventData, &data)
+
+				mu.Lock()
+				defer mu.Unlock()
+
+				if notifications[clientId] == nil {
+					notifications[clientId] = []string{}
+				}
+				notifications[clientId] = append(notifications[clientId], data.Action)
+			}
+
+			wg.Add(1)
+			go func() {
+				defer wg.Done()
+
+				timeout := time.After(250 * time.Millisecond)
+
+				for {
+					select {
+					case e, ok := <-client0.Channel():
+						if ok {
+							notify(client0.Id(), e.Data)
+						}
+					case e, ok := <-client1.Channel():
+						if ok {
+							notify(client1.Id(), e.Data)
+						}
+					case e, ok := <-client2.Channel():
+						if ok {
+							notify(client2.Id(), e.Data)
+						}
+					case e, ok := <-client3.Channel():
+						if ok {
+							notify(client3.Id(), e.Data)
+						}
+					case <-timeout:
+						return
+					}
+				}
+			}()
+
+			err = s.op(testApp)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			wg.Wait()
+
+			if len(s.expected) != len(notifications) {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected %d notified clients, got %d:\n%v", len(s.expected), len(notifications), notifications)
+			}
+
+			for id, events := range s.expected {
+				if len(events) != len(notifications[id]) {
+					t.Fatalf("[%s] Expected %d events, got %d:\n%v\n%v", id, len(events), len(notifications[id]), s.expected, notifications)
+				}
+				for _, event := range events {
+					if !slices.Contains(notifications[id], event) {
+						t.Fatalf("[%s] Missing expected event %q in %v", id, event, notifications[id])
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

apis/record_auth_email_change_confirm.go

@@ -38,15 +38,16 @@ func recordConfirmEmailChange(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	event.NewEmail = newEmail
 
 	return e.App.OnRecordConfirmEmailChangeRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.RecordConfirmEmailChangeRequestEvent) error {
-		authRecord.Set(core.FieldNameEmail, e.NewEmail)
-		authRecord.Set(core.FieldNameVerified, true)
-		authRecord.RefreshTokenKey() // invalidate old tokens
+		e.Record.SetEmail(e.NewEmail)
+		e.Record.SetVerified(true)
 
 		if err := e.App.Save(e.Record); err != nil {
 			return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to confirm email change.", err))
 		}
 
-		return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 

apis/record_auth_email_change_confirm_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package apis_test
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -136,7 +135,7 @@ func TestRecordConfirmEmailChange(t *testing.T) {
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnRecordAfterConfirmEmailChangeRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnRecordConfirmEmailChangeRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/users/confirm-email-change",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -145,15 +144,22 @@ func TestRecordConfirmEmailChange(t *testing.T) {
 			}`),
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnRecordConfirmEmailChangeRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordConfirmEmailChangeRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                                 0,
-				"OnRecordConfirmEmailChangeRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordConfirmEmailChangeRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 
 		// rate limit checks

apis/record_auth_email_change_request.go

@@ -43,7 +43,9 @@ func recordRequestEmailChange(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to request email change.", err))
 		}
 
-		return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 

apis/record_auth_email_change_request_test.go

@@ -118,6 +118,33 @@ func TestRecordRequestEmailChange(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnRecordRequestEmailChangeRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/request-email-change",
+			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{"newEmail":"change@example.com"}`),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjRxMXhsY2xtZmxva3UzMyIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoiX3BiX3VzZXJzX2F1dGhfIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.ZT3F0Z3iM-xbGgSG3LEKiEzHrPHr8t8IuHLZGGNuxLo",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnRecordRequestEmailChangeRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordRequestEmailChangeRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordRequestEmailChangeRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 
 		// rate limit checks
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------

apis/record_auth_impersonate.go

@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ func recordAuthImpersonate(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 
 	form := &impersonateForm{}
 	if err = e.BindBody(form); err != nil {
-		return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("An error occurred while loading the submitted data.", err))
+		return e.BadRequestError("An error occurred while loading the submitted data.", err)
 	}
 	if err = form.validate(); err != nil {
-		return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("An error occurred while validating the submitted data.", err))
+		return e.BadRequestError("An error occurred while validating the submitted data.", err)
 	}
 
 	token, err := record.NewStaticAuthToken(time.Duration(form.Duration) * time.Second)

apis/record_auth_otp_request.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package apis
 
 import (
+	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
@@ -32,12 +33,10 @@ func recordRequestOTP(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	}
 
 	record, err := e.App.FindAuthRecordByEmail(collection, form.Email)
-	if err != nil {
-		// eagerly write a dummy 200 response as a very rudimentary user emails enumeration protection
-		e.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]string{
-			"otpId": core.GenerateDefaultRandomId(),
-		})
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch %s record with email %s: %w", collection.Name, form.Email, err)
+
+	// ignore not found errors to allow custom record find implementations
+	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		return e.InternalServerError("", err)
 	}
 
 	event := new(core.RecordCreateOTPRequestEvent)
@@ -46,7 +45,18 @@ func recordRequestOTP(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	event.Collection = collection
 	event.Record = record
 
+	originalApp := e.App
+
 	return e.App.OnRecordRequestOTPRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.RecordCreateOTPRequestEvent) error {
+		if e.Record == nil {
+			// write a dummy 200 response as a very rudimentary emails enumeration "protection"
+			e.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]string{
+				"otpId": core.GenerateDefaultRandomId(),
+			})
+
+			return fmt.Errorf("missing or invalid %s OTP auth record with email %s", collection.Name, form.Email)
+		}
+
 		var otp *core.OTP
 
 		// limit the new OTP creations for a single user
@@ -90,17 +100,16 @@ func recordRequestOTP(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			// send OTP email
 			// (in the background as a very basic timing attacks and emails enumeration protection)
 			// ---
-			app := e.App
 			routine.FireAndForget(func() {
-				err = mails.SendRecordOTP(app, e.Record, otp.Id, e.Password)
+				err = mails.SendRecordOTP(originalApp, e.Record, otp.Id, e.Password)
 				if err != nil {
-					app.Logger().Error("Failed to send OTP email", "error", errors.Join(err, e.App.Delete(otp)))
+					originalApp.Logger().Error("Failed to send OTP email", "error", errors.Join(err, originalApp.Delete(otp)))
 				}
 			})
 		}
 
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]string{
-			"otpId": otp.Id,
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]string{"otpId": otp.Id})
 		})
 	})
 }

apis/record_auth_otp_request_test.go

@@ -86,7 +86,10 @@ func TestRecordRequestOTP(t *testing.T) {
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
 				`"otpId":"`, // some fake random generated string
 			},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                         0,
+				"OnRecordRequestOTPRequest": 1,
+			},
 			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
 				if app.TestMailer.TotalSend() != 0 {
 					t.Fatalf("Expected zero emails, got %d", app.TestMailer.TotalSend())
@@ -137,6 +140,57 @@ func TestRecordRequestOTP(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnModelCreate":              1,
 				"OnModelCreateExecute":       1,
 				"OnModelAfterCreateSuccess":  1,
+				"OnModelValidate":            2, // + 1 for the OTP update after the email send
+				"OnRecordCreate":             1,
+				"OnRecordCreateExecute":      1,
+				"OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess": 1,
+				"OnRecordValidate":           2,
+				// OTP update
+				"OnModelUpdate":              1,
+				"OnModelUpdateExecute":       1,
+				"OnModelAfterUpdateSuccess":  1,
+				"OnRecordUpdate":             1,
+				"OnRecordUpdateExecute":      1,
+				"OnRecordAfterUpdateSuccess": 1,
+			},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				if app.TestMailer.TotalSend() != 1 {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected 1 email, got %d", app.TestMailer.TotalSend())
+				}
+
+				// ensure that sentTo is set
+				otps, err := app.FindRecordsByFilter(core.CollectionNameOTPs, "sentTo='test@example.com'", "", 0, 0)
+				if err != nil || len(otps) != 1 {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected to find 1 OTP with sentTo %q, found %d", "test@example.com", len(otps))
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "existing auth record with intercepted email (with < 9 non-expired)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/request-otp",
+			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{"email":"test@example.com"}`),
+			Delay:  100 * time.Millisecond,
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				// prevent email sent
+				app.OnMailerRecordOTPSend("users").BindFunc(func(e *core.MailerRecordEvent) error {
+					return nil
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"otpId":"`,
+			},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"otpId":"otp_`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                          0,
+				"OnRecordRequestOTPRequest":  1,
+				"OnMailerRecordOTPSend":      1,
+				"OnModelCreate":              1,
+				"OnModelCreateExecute":       1,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateSuccess":  1,
 				"OnModelValidate":            1,
 				"OnRecordCreate":             1,
 				"OnRecordCreateExecute":      1,
@@ -144,8 +198,14 @@ func TestRecordRequestOTP(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnRecordValidate":           1,
 			},
 			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
-				if app.TestMailer.TotalSend() != 1 {
-					t.Fatalf("Expected 1 email, got %d", app.TestMailer.TotalSend())
+				if app.TestMailer.TotalSend() != 0 {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected 0 emails, got %d", app.TestMailer.TotalSend())
+				}
+
+				// ensure that there is no OTP with user email as sentTo
+				otps, err := app.FindRecordsByFilter(core.CollectionNameOTPs, "sentTo='test@example.com'", "", 0, 0)
+				if err != nil || len(otps) != 0 {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected to find 0 OTPs with sentTo %q, found %d", "test@example.com", len(otps))
 				}
 			},
 		},
@@ -187,6 +247,31 @@ func TestRecordRequestOTP(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnRecordRequestOTPRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/request-otp",
+			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{"email":"test@example.com"}`),
+			Delay:  100 * time.Millisecond,
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnRecordRequestOTPRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordCreateOTPRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordRequestOTPRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 
 		// rate limit checks
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------

apis/record_auth_password_reset_confirm.go

@@ -47,14 +47,16 @@ func recordConfirmPasswordReset(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			}
 		}
 
-		err = form.app.Save(authRecord)
+		err = e.App.Save(authRecord)
 		if err != nil {
 			return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to set new password.", err))
 		}
 
-		form.app.Store().Remove(getPasswordResetResendKey(authRecord))
+		e.App.Store().Remove(getPasswordResetResendKey(authRecord))
 
-		return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 

apis/record_auth_password_reset_confirm_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package apis_test
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -186,11 +185,20 @@ func TestRecordConfirmPasswordReset(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Fatal("Expected the user to be unverified")
 				}
 
+				oldTokenKey := user.TokenKey()
+
 				// manually change the email to check whether the verified state will be updated
 				user.SetEmail("test_update@example.com")
-				if err := app.Save(user); err != nil {
+				if err = app.Save(user); err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("Failed to update user test email: %v", err)
 				}
+
+				// resave with the old token key since the email change above
+				// would change it and will make the password token invalid
+				user.SetTokenKey(oldTokenKey)
+				if err = app.Save(user); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("Failed to restore original user tokenKey: %v", err)
+				}
 			},
 			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
 				_, err := app.FindAuthRecordByToken(
@@ -273,7 +281,7 @@ func TestRecordConfirmPasswordReset(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnRecordAfterConfirmPasswordResetRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnRecordConfirmPasswordResetRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/users/confirm-password-reset",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -283,15 +291,22 @@ func TestRecordConfirmPasswordReset(t *testing.T) {
 			}`),
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnRecordConfirmPasswordResetRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordConfirmPasswordResetRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                                   0,
-				"OnRecordConfirmPasswordResetRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordConfirmPasswordResetRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 
 		// rate limit checks

apis/record_auth_password_reset_request.go

@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ func recordRequestPasswordReset(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			})
 		})
 
-		return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 

apis/record_auth_password_reset_request_test.go

@@ -101,6 +101,30 @@ func TestRecordRequestPasswordReset(t *testing.T) {
 				app.Store().Set(resendKey, struct{}{})
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnRecordRequestPasswordResetRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/request-password-reset",
+			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{"email":"test@example.com"}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnRecordRequestPasswordResetRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordRequestPasswordResetRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordRequestPasswordResetRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 
 		// rate limit checks
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------

apis/record_auth_refresh.go

@@ -12,18 +12,24 @@ func recordAuthRefresh(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		return e.NotFoundError("Missing auth record context.", nil)
 	}
 
-	currentToken := getAuthTokenFromRequest(e)
-	claims, _ := security.ParseUnverifiedJWT(currentToken)
-	if v, ok := claims[core.TokenClaimRefreshable]; !ok || !cast.ToBool(v) {
-		return e.ForbiddenError("The current auth token is not refreshable.", nil)
-	}
-
 	event := new(core.RecordAuthRefreshRequestEvent)
 	event.RequestEvent = e
 	event.Collection = record.Collection()
 	event.Record = record
 
 	return e.App.OnRecordAuthRefreshRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.RecordAuthRefreshRequestEvent) error {
-		return RecordAuthResponse(e.RequestEvent, e.Record, "", nil)
+		token := getAuthTokenFromRequest(e.RequestEvent)
+
+		// skip token renewal if the token's payload doesn't explicitly allow it (e.g. impersonate tokens)
+		claims, _ := security.ParseUnverifiedJWT(token) //
+		if v, ok := claims[core.TokenClaimRefreshable]; ok && cast.ToBool(v) {
+			var tokenErr error
+			token, tokenErr = e.Record.NewAuthToken()
+			if tokenErr != nil {
+				return e.InternalServerError("Failed to refresh auth token.", tokenErr)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return recordAuthResponse(e.RequestEvent, e.Record, token, "", nil)
 	})
 }

apis/record_auth_refresh_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package apis_test
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -74,6 +73,8 @@ func TestRecordAuthRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			NotExpectedContent: []string{
 				`"missing":`,
+				// should return a different token
+				"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjRxMXhsY2xtZmxva3UzMyIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoiX3BiX3VzZXJzX2F1dGhfIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.ZT3F0Z3iM-xbGgSG3LEKiEzHrPHr8t8IuHLZGGNuxLo",
 			},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
 				"*":                          0,
@@ -89,9 +90,21 @@ func TestRecordAuthRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 			Headers: map[string]string{
 				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjRxMXhsY2xtZmxva3UzMyIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoiX3BiX3VzZXJzX2F1dGhfIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6ZmFsc2V9.4IsO6YMsR19crhwl_YWzvRH8pfq2Ri4Gv2dzGyneLak",
 			},
-			ExpectedStatus:  403,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				// should return the same token
+				`"token":"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjRxMXhsY2xtZmxva3UzMyIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoiX3BiX3VzZXJzX2F1dGhfIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6ZmFsc2V9.4IsO6YMsR19crhwl_YWzvRH8pfq2Ri4Gv2dzGyneLak"`,
+				`"record":`,
+				`"id":"4q1xlclmfloku33"`,
+				`"emailVisibility":false`,
+				`"email":"test@example.com"`, // the owner can always view their email address
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                          0,
+				"OnRecordAuthRefreshRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordAuthRequest":        1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":             1,
+			},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "unverified auth record in onlyVerified collection",
@@ -130,23 +143,30 @@ func TestRecordAuthRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnRecordAfterAuthRefreshRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnRecordAuthRefreshRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
-			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-refresh?expand=rel,missing",
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-refresh",
 			Headers: map[string]string{
 				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjRxMXhsY2xtZmxva3UzMyIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoiX3BiX3VzZXJzX2F1dGhfIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.ZT3F0Z3iM-xbGgSG3LEKiEzHrPHr8t8IuHLZGGNuxLo",
 			},
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnRecordAuthRefreshRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordAuthRefreshRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                          0,
-				"OnRecordAuthRefreshRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordAuthRefreshRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 
 		// rate limit checks

apis/record_auth_verification_confirm.go

@@ -42,19 +42,19 @@ func recordConfirmVerification(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	event.Record = record
 
 	return e.App.OnRecordConfirmVerificationRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.RecordConfirmVerificationRequestEvent) error {
-		if wasVerified {
-			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
-		}
+		if !wasVerified {
+			e.Record.SetVerified(true)
 
-		e.Record.SetVerified(true)
-
-		if err := e.App.Save(e.Record); err != nil {
-			return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("An error occurred while saving the verified state.", err))
+			if err := e.App.Save(e.Record); err != nil {
+				return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("An error occurred while saving the verified state.", err))
+			}
 		}
 
 		e.App.Store().Remove(getVerificationResendKey(e.Record))
 
-		return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 

apis/record_auth_verification_confirm_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package apis_test
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ func TestRecordConfirmVerification(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnRecordAfterConfirmVerificationRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnRecordConfirmVerificationRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/users/confirm-verification",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -152,15 +151,22 @@ func TestRecordConfirmVerification(t *testing.T) {
 			}`),
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnRecordConfirmVerificationRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordConfirmVerificationRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                                  0,
-				"OnRecordConfirmVerificationRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordConfirmVerificationRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 
 		// rate limit checks

apis/record_auth_verification_request.go

@@ -68,7 +68,9 @@ func recordRequestVerification(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			})
 		})
 
-		return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+		})
 	})
 }
 

apis/record_auth_verification_request_test.go

@@ -118,6 +118,30 @@ func TestRecordRequestVerification(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnRecordRequestVerificationRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/request-verification",
+			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{"email":"test@example.com"}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnRecordRequestVerificationRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordRequestVerificationRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordRequestVerificationRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 
 		// rate limit checks
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------

apis/record_auth_with_oauth2.go

@@ -2,11 +2,14 @@ package apis
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"maps"
 	"net/http"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	validation "github.com/go-ozzo/ozzo-validation/v4"
@@ -15,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/auth"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/dbutils"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/filesystem"
-	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/security"
 	"golang.org/x/oauth2"
 )
 
@@ -34,6 +36,8 @@ func recordAuthWithOAuth2(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		fallbackAuthRecord = e.Auth
 	}
 
+	e.Set(core.RequestEventKeyInfoContext, core.RequestInfoContextOAuth2)
+
 	form := new(recordOAuth2LoginForm)
 	form.collection = collection
 	if err = e.BindBody(form); err != nil {
@@ -87,6 +91,19 @@ func recordAuthWithOAuth2(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to fetch OAuth2 user.", err))
 	}
 
+	// Apple currently returns the user's name only as part of the first redirect data response
+	// so we try to assign the [apis.oauth2SubscriptionRedirect] forwarded name.
+	if form.Provider == auth.NameApple && authUser.Name == "" {
+		nameKey := oauth2RedirectAppleNameStoreKeyPrefix + form.Code
+		name, ok := e.App.Store().Get(nameKey).(string)
+		if ok {
+			e.App.Store().Remove(nameKey)
+			authUser.Name = name
+		} else {
+			e.App.Logger().Debug("Missing or already removed Apple user's name")
+		}
+	}
+
 	var authRecord *core.Record
 
 	// check for existing relation with the auth collection
@@ -95,6 +112,10 @@ func recordAuthWithOAuth2(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		"provider":      form.Provider,
 		"providerId":    authUser.Id,
 	})
+	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		return e.InternalServerError("Failed OAuth2 relation check.", err)
+	}
+
 	switch {
 	case err == nil && externalAuthRel != nil:
 		authRecord, err = e.App.FindRecordById(form.collection, externalAuthRel.RecordRef())
@@ -106,7 +127,10 @@ func recordAuthWithOAuth2(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		authRecord = fallbackAuthRecord
 	case authUser.Email != "":
 		// look for an existing auth record by the external auth record's email
-		authRecord, _ = e.App.FindAuthRecordByEmail(form.collection.Id, authUser.Email)
+		authRecord, err = e.App.FindAuthRecordByEmail(form.collection.Id, authUser.Email)
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+			return e.InternalServerError("Failed OAuth2 auth record check.", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -126,13 +150,17 @@ func recordAuthWithOAuth2(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to authenticate.", err))
 		}
 
-		meta := struct {
-			*auth.AuthUser
-			IsNew bool `json:"isNew"`
-		}{
-			AuthUser: e.OAuth2User,
-			IsNew:    e.IsNewRecord,
+		// @todo revert back to struct after removing the custom auth.AuthUser marshalization
+		meta := map[string]any{}
+		rawOAuth2User, err := json.Marshal(e.OAuth2User)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
+		err = json.Unmarshal(rawOAuth2User, &meta)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		meta["isNew"] = e.IsNewRecord
 
 		return RecordAuthResponse(e.RequestEvent, e.Record, core.MFAMethodOAuth2, meta)
 	})
@@ -167,7 +195,7 @@ type recordOAuth2LoginForm struct {
 
 func (form *recordOAuth2LoginForm) validate() error {
 	return validation.ValidateStruct(form,
-		validation.Field(&form.Provider, validation.Required, validation.By(form.checkProviderName)),
+		validation.Field(&form.Provider, validation.Required, validation.Length(0, 100), validation.By(form.checkProviderName)),
 		validation.Field(&form.Code, validation.Required),
 		validation.Field(&form.RedirectURL, validation.Required),
 	)
@@ -178,7 +206,7 @@ func (form *recordOAuth2LoginForm) checkProviderName(value any) error {
 
 	_, ok := form.collection.OAuth2.GetProviderConfig(name)
 	if !ok {
-		return validation.NewError("validation_invalid_provider", fmt.Sprintf("Provider with name %q is missing or is not enabled.", name)).
+		return validation.NewError("validation_invalid_provider", "Provider with name {{.name}} is missing or is not enabled.").
 			SetParams(map[string]any{"name": name})
 	}
 
@@ -187,10 +215,20 @@ func (form *recordOAuth2LoginForm) checkProviderName(value any) error {
 
 func oldCanAssignUsername(txApp core.App, collection *core.Collection, username string) bool {
 	// ensure that username is unique
-	checkUnique := dbutils.HasSingleColumnUniqueIndex(collection.OAuth2.MappedFields.Username, collection.Indexes)
-	if checkUnique {
-		if _, err := txApp.FindFirstRecordByData(collection, collection.OAuth2.MappedFields.Username, username); err == nil {
-			return false // already exist
+	index, hasUniqueue := dbutils.FindSingleColumnUniqueIndex(collection.Indexes, collection.OAuth2.MappedFields.Username)
+	if hasUniqueue {
+		var expr dbx.Expression
+		if strings.EqualFold(index.Columns[0].Collate, "nocase") {
+			// case-insensitive search
+			expr = dbx.NewExp("username = {:username} COLLATE NOCASE", dbx.Params{"username": username})
+		} else {
+			expr = dbx.HashExp{"username": username}
+		}
+
+		var exists int
+		_ = txApp.RecordQuery(collection).Select("(1)").AndWhere(expr).Limit(1).Row(&exists)
+		if exists > 0 {
+			return false
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -214,12 +252,10 @@ func oauth2Submit(e *core.RecordAuthWithOAuth2RequestEvent, optExternalAuth *cor
 				payload = map[string]any{}
 			}
 
-			payload[core.FieldNameEmail] = e.OAuth2User.Email
-
-			// set a random password if none is set
-			if v, _ := payload[core.FieldNamePassword].(string); v == "" {
-				payload[core.FieldNamePassword] = security.RandomString(30)
-				payload[core.FieldNamePassword+"Confirm"] = payload[core.FieldNamePassword]
+			// assign the OAuth2 user email only if the user hasn't submitted one
+			// (ignore empty/invalid values for consistency with the OAuth2->existing user update flow)
+			if v, _ := payload[core.FieldNameEmail].(string); v == "" {
+				payload[core.FieldNameEmail] = e.OAuth2User.Email
 			}
 
 			// map known fields (unless the field was explicitly submitted as part of CreateData)
@@ -237,7 +273,7 @@ func oauth2Submit(e *core.RecordAuthWithOAuth2RequestEvent, optExternalAuth *cor
 				payload[e.Collection.OAuth2.MappedFields.Username] = e.OAuth2User.Username
 			}
 			if _, ok := payload[e.Collection.OAuth2.MappedFields.AvatarURL]; !ok &&
-				// no existing OAuth2 mapping
+				// no explicit avatar payload value and existing OAuth2 mapping
 				e.Collection.OAuth2.MappedFields.AvatarURL != "" &&
 				// non-empty OAuth2 avatar url
 				e.OAuth2User.AvatarURL != "" {
@@ -284,7 +320,7 @@ func oauth2Submit(e *core.RecordAuthWithOAuth2RequestEvent, optExternalAuth *cor
 			// set random password for users with unverified email
 			// (this is in case a malicious actor has registered previously with the user email)
 			if !isLoggedAuthRecord && e.Record.Email() != "" && !e.Record.Verified() {
-				e.Record.SetPassword(security.RandomString(30))
+				e.Record.SetRandomPassword()
 				needUpdate = true
 			}
 

apis/record_auth_with_oauth2_redirect.go

@@ -2,22 +2,29 @@ package apis
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/subscriptions"
 )
 
 const (
-	oauth2SubscriptionTopic   string = "@oauth2"
-	oauth2RedirectFailurePath string = "../_/#/auth/oauth2-redirect-failure"
-	oauth2RedirectSuccessPath string = "../_/#/auth/oauth2-redirect-success"
+	oauth2SubscriptionTopic               string = "@oauth2"
+	oauth2RedirectFailurePath             string = "../_/#/auth/oauth2-redirect-failure"
+	oauth2RedirectSuccessPath             string = "../_/#/auth/oauth2-redirect-success"
+	oauth2RedirectAppleNameStoreKeyPrefix string = "@redirect_name_"
 )
 
 type oauth2RedirectData struct {
 	State string `form:"state" json:"state"`
 	Code  string `form:"code" json:"code"`
 	Error string `form:"error" json:"error,omitempty"`
+
+	// returned by Apple only
+	AppleUser string `form:"user" json:"-"`
 }
 
 func oauth2SubscriptionRedirect(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
@@ -52,6 +59,20 @@ func oauth2SubscriptionRedirect(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	}
 	defer client.Unsubscribe(oauth2SubscriptionTopic)
 
+	// temporary store the Apple user's name so that it can be later retrieved with the authWithOAuth2 call
+	// (see https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/issues/7090)
+	if data.AppleUser != "" && data.Error == "" && data.Code != "" {
+		nameErr := parseAndStoreAppleRedirectName(
+			e.App,
+			oauth2RedirectAppleNameStoreKeyPrefix+data.Code,
+			data.AppleUser,
+		)
+		if nameErr != nil {
+			// non-critical error
+			e.App.Logger().Debug("Failed to parse and load Apple Redirect name data", "error", nameErr)
+		}
+	}
+
 	encodedData, err := json.Marshal(data)
 	if err != nil {
 		e.App.Logger().Debug("Failed to marshalize OAuth2 redirect data", "error", err)
@@ -72,3 +93,56 @@ func oauth2SubscriptionRedirect(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 
 	return e.Redirect(redirectStatusCode, oauth2RedirectSuccessPath)
 }
+
+// parseAndStoreAppleRedirectName extracts the first and last name
+// from serializedNameData and temporary store them in the app.Store.
+//
+// This is hacky workaround to forward safely and seamlessly the Apple
+// redirect user's name back to the OAuth2 auth handler.
+//
+// Note that currently Apple is the only provider that behaves like this and
+// for now it is unnecessary to check whether the redirect is coming from Apple or not.
+//
+// Ideally this shouldn't be needed and will be removed in the future
+// once Apple adds a dedicated userinfo endpoint.
+func parseAndStoreAppleRedirectName(app core.App, nameKey string, serializedNameData string) error {
+	if serializedNameData == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// just in case to prevent storing large strings in memory
+	if len(nameKey) > 1000 {
+		return errors.New("nameKey is too large")
+	}
+
+	// https://developer.apple.com/documentation/signinwithapple/incorporating-sign-in-with-apple-into-other-platforms#Handle-the-response
+	extracted := struct {
+		Name struct {
+			FirstName string `json:"firstName"`
+			LastName  string `json:"lastName"`
+		} `json:"name"`
+	}{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(serializedNameData), &extracted); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fullName := extracted.Name.FirstName + " " + extracted.Name.LastName
+
+	// truncate just in case to prevent storing large strings in memory
+	if len(fullName) > 150 {
+		fullName = fullName[:150]
+	}
+
+	fullName = strings.TrimSpace(fullName)
+	if fullName == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// store (and remove)
+	app.Store().Set(nameKey, fullName)
+	time.AfterFunc(1*time.Minute, func() {
+		app.Store().Remove(nameKey)
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}

apis/record_auth_with_oauth2_redirect_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package apis_test
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -56,18 +57,22 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2Redirect(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// note: don't exit because it is usually called as part of a separate goroutine
 	checkClientMessages := func(t testing.TB, clientId string, msg subscriptions.Message, expectedMessages map[string][]string) {
 		if len(expectedMessages[clientId]) == 0 {
-			t.Fatalf("Unexpected client %q message, got %s:\n%s", clientId, msg.Name, msg.Data)
+			t.Errorf("Unexpected client %q message, got %q:\n%q", clientId, msg.Name, msg.Data)
+			return
 		}
 
 		if msg.Name != "@oauth2" {
-			t.Fatalf("Expected @oauth2 msg.Name, got %q", msg.Name)
+			t.Errorf("Expected @oauth2 msg.Name, got %q", msg.Name)
+			return
 		}
 
 		for _, txt := range expectedMessages[clientId] {
 			if !strings.Contains(string(msg.Data), txt) {
-				t.Fatalf("Failed to find %q in \n%s", txt, msg.Data)
+				t.Errorf("Failed to find %q in \n%s", txt, msg.Data)
+				return
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -91,19 +96,37 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2Redirect(t *testing.T) {
 
 				for {
 					select {
-					case msg := <-clients["c1"].Channel():
-						checkClientMessages(t, "c1", msg, expectedMessages)
-					case msg := <-clients["c2"].Channel():
-						checkClientMessages(t, "c2", msg, expectedMessages)
-					case msg := <-clients["c3"].Channel():
-						checkClientMessages(t, "c3", msg, expectedMessages)
-					case msg := <-clients["c4"].Channel():
-						checkClientMessages(t, "c4", msg, expectedMessages)
-					case msg := <-clients["c5"].Channel():
-						checkClientMessages(t, "c5", msg, expectedMessages)
+					case msg, ok := <-clients["c1"].Channel():
+						if ok {
+							checkClientMessages(t, "c1", msg, expectedMessages)
+						} else {
+							t.Errorf("Unexpected c1 closed channel")
+						}
+					case msg, ok := <-clients["c2"].Channel():
+						if ok {
+							checkClientMessages(t, "c2", msg, expectedMessages)
+						} else {
+							t.Errorf("Unexpected c2 closed channel")
+						}
+					case msg, ok := <-clients["c3"].Channel():
+						if ok {
+							checkClientMessages(t, "c3", msg, expectedMessages)
+						} else {
+							t.Errorf("Unexpected c3 closed channel")
+						}
+					case msg, ok := <-clients["c4"].Channel():
+						if ok {
+							checkClientMessages(t, "c4", msg, expectedMessages)
+						} else {
+							t.Errorf("Unexpected c4 closed channel")
+						}
+					case _, ok := <-clients["c5"].Channel():
+						if ok {
+							t.Errorf("Expected c5 channel to be closed")
+						}
 					case <-ctx.Done():
 						for _, c := range clients {
-							close(c.Channel())
+							c.Discard()
 						}
 						return
 					}
@@ -244,6 +267,74 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2Redirect(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "(POST) Apple user's name json (nameKey error)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/oauth2-redirect",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(url.Values{
+				"code":  []string{strings.Repeat("a", 986)},
+				"state": []string{clientStubs[8]["c3"].Id()},
+				"user": []string{
+					`{"name":{"firstName":"aaa","lastName":"` + strings.Repeat("b", 200) + `"}}`,
+				},
+			}.Encode()),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: beforeTestFunc(clientStubs[8], map[string][]string{
+				"c3": {`"state":"` + clientStubs[8]["c3"].Id(), `"code":"` + strings.Repeat("a", 986) + `"`},
+			}),
+			ExpectedStatus: http.StatusSeeOther,
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				app.Store().Get("cancelFunc").(context.CancelFunc)()
+
+				checkSuccessRedirect(t, app, res)
+
+				if clientStubs[8]["c3"].HasSubscription("@oauth2") {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected oauth2 subscription to be removed")
+				}
+
+				if storedName := app.Store().Get("@redirect_name_" + strings.Repeat("a", 986)); storedName != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("Didn't expect stored name, got %q", storedName)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "(POST) Apple user's name json",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/oauth2-redirect",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(url.Values{
+				"code":  []string{strings.Repeat("a", 985)},
+				"state": []string{clientStubs[9]["c3"].Id()},
+				"user": []string{
+					`{"name":{"firstName":"aaa","lastName":"` + strings.Repeat("b", 200) + `"}}`,
+				},
+			}.Encode()),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: beforeTestFunc(clientStubs[9], map[string][]string{
+				"c3": {`"state":"` + clientStubs[9]["c3"].Id(), `"code":"` + strings.Repeat("a", 985) + `"`},
+			}),
+			ExpectedStatus: http.StatusSeeOther,
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				app.Store().Get("cancelFunc").(context.CancelFunc)()
+
+				checkSuccessRedirect(t, app, res)
+
+				if clientStubs[9]["c3"].HasSubscription("@oauth2") {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected oauth2 subscription to be removed")
+				}
+
+				storedName, _ := app.Store().Get("@redirect_name_" + strings.Repeat("a", 985)).(string)
+				expectedName := "aaa " + strings.Repeat("b", 146)
+				if storedName != expectedName {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected stored name\n%q\ngot\n%q", expectedName, storedName)
+				}
+			},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, scenario := range scenarios {

apis/record_auth_with_oauth2_test.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tests"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/auth"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/dbutils"
 	"golang.org/x/oauth2"
 )
 
@@ -174,6 +175,20 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				if err := app.Save(ea); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
+
+				// test at least once that the correct request info context is properly loaded
+				app.OnRecordAuthRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordAuthRequestEvent) error {
+					info, err := e.RequestInfo()
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatal(err)
+					}
+
+					if info.Context != core.RequestInfoContextOAuth2 {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected request context %q, got %q", core.RequestInfoContextOAuth2, info.Context)
+					}
+
+					return e.Next()
+				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
@@ -292,6 +307,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				`"record":{`,
 				`"token":"`,
 				`"meta":{`,
+				`"isNew":false`,
 				`"email":"test2@example.com"`,
 				`"id":"oap640cot4yru2s"`,
 				`"id":"test_id"`,
@@ -383,6 +399,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				`"record":{`,
 				`"token":"`,
 				`"meta":{`,
+				`"isNew":false`,
 				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
 				`"id":"4q1xlclmfloku33"`,
 				`"id":"test_id"`,
@@ -488,6 +505,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				`"record":{`,
 				`"token":"`,
 				`"meta":{`,
+				`"isNew":false`,
 				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
 				`"id":"4q1xlclmfloku33"`,
 				`"id":"test_id"`,
@@ -558,12 +576,21 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Fatalf("Expected password %q to be valid", "1234567890")
 				}
 
+				oldTokenKey := user.TokenKey()
+
 				// manually unset the user email
 				user.SetEmail("")
-				if err := app.Save(user); err != nil {
+				if err = app.Save(user); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 
+				// resave with the old token key since the email change above
+				// would change it and will make the password token invalid
+				user.SetTokenKey(oldTokenKey)
+				if err = app.Save(user); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("Failed to restore original user tokenKey: %v", err)
+				}
+
 				// register the test provider
 				auth.Providers["test"] = func() auth.Provider {
 					return &oauth2MockProvider{
@@ -592,6 +619,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				`"record":{`,
 				`"token":"`,
 				`"meta":{`,
+				`"isNew":false`,
 				`"email":"test_oauth2@example.com"`,
 				`"id":"4q1xlclmfloku33"`,
 				`"id":"test_id"`,
@@ -697,6 +725,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				`"record":{`,
 				`"token":"`,
 				`"meta":{`,
+				`"isNew":false`,
 				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
 				`"id":"4q1xlclmfloku33"`,
 				`"id":"test_id"`,
@@ -786,6 +815,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				`"record":{`,
 				`"token":"`,
 				`"meta":{`,
+				`"isNew":true`,
 				`"email":""`,
 				`"id":"test_id"`,
 				`"verified":true`,
@@ -867,7 +897,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				`"verified":{"code":"validation_values_mismatch"`,
 			},
 			NotExpectedContent: []string{
-				`"email":`, // the value is always overwritten with the OAuth2 user email
+				`"email":`, // ignored because the record validator never ran
 				`"rel":`,   // ignored because the record validator never ran
 				`"file":`,  // ignored because the record validator never ran
 			},
@@ -920,12 +950,10 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			ExpectedStatus: 400,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
 				`"data":{`,
+				`"email":{"code":"validation_is_email"`,
 				`"rel":{"code":"validation_missing_rel_records"`,
 				`"file":{"code":"validation_invalid_file"`,
 			},
-			NotExpectedContent: []string{
-				`"email":`, // the value is always overwritten with the OAuth2 user email
-			},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
 				"*":                             0,
 				"OnRecordAuthWithOAuth2Request": 1,
@@ -939,7 +967,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "creating user (valid create data)",
+			Name:   "creating user (valid create data with empty submitted email)",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-oauth2",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -947,8 +975,10 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				"code":"123",
 				"redirectURL": "https://example.com",
 				"createData": {
-					"email": "invalid",
+					"email": "",
 					"emailVisibility": true,
+					"password": "1234567890",
+					"passwordConfirm": "1234567890",
 					"name": "test_name",
 					"username": "test_username",
 					"rel": "0yxhwia2amd8gec"
@@ -982,6 +1012,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"isNew":true`,
 				`"email":""`,
 				`"emailVisibility":true`,
 				`"name":"test_name"`,
@@ -1018,6 +1049,105 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnModelValidate":  4,
 				"OnRecordValidate": 4,
 			},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				user, err := app.FindFirstRecordByData("users", "username", "test_username")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				if !user.ValidatePassword("1234567890") {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected password %q to be valid", "1234567890")
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "creating user (valid create data with non-empty valid submitted email)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-oauth2",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"provider": "test",
+				"code":"123",
+				"redirectURL": "https://example.com",
+				"createData": {
+					"email": "test_create@example.com",
+					"emailVisibility": true,
+					"password": "1234567890",
+					"passwordConfirm": "1234567890",
+					"name": "test_name",
+					"username": "test_username",
+					"rel": "0yxhwia2amd8gec"
+				}
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				usersCol, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("users")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// register the test provider
+				auth.Providers["test"] = func() auth.Provider {
+					return &oauth2MockProvider{
+						AuthUser: &auth.AuthUser{
+							Id:    "test_id",
+							Email: "oauth2@example.com", // should be ignored because of the explicit submitted email
+						},
+						Token: &oauth2.Token{AccessToken: "abc"},
+					}
+				}
+
+				// add the test provider in the collection
+				usersCol.MFA.Enabled = false
+				usersCol.OAuth2.Enabled = true
+				usersCol.OAuth2.Providers = []core.OAuth2ProviderConfig{{
+					Name:         "test",
+					ClientId:     "123",
+					ClientSecret: "456",
+				}}
+				if err := app.Save(usersCol); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"email":"test_create@example.com"`,
+				`"emailVisibility":true`,
+				`"name":"test_name"`,
+				`"username":"test_username"`,
+				`"verified":false`,
+				`"rel":"0yxhwia2amd8gec"`,
+			},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{
+				// hidden fields
+				`"tokenKey"`,
+				`"password"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                             0,
+				"OnRecordAuthWithOAuth2Request": 1,
+				"OnRecordAuthRequest":           1,
+				"OnRecordCreateRequest":         1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":                2, // the auth response and from the create request
+				// ---
+				"OnModelCreate":              3, // record + authOrigins + externalAuths
+				"OnModelCreateExecute":       3,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateSuccess":  3,
+				"OnRecordCreate":             3,
+				"OnRecordCreateExecute":      3,
+				"OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess": 3,
+				// ---
+				"OnModelValidate":  3,
+				"OnRecordValidate": 3,
+			},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				user, err := app.FindFirstRecordByData("users", "username", "test_username")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				if !user.ValidatePassword("1234567890") {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected password %q to be valid", "1234567890")
+				}
+			},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "creating user (with mapped OAuth2 fields and avatarURL->file field)",
@@ -1071,6 +1201,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"isNew":true`,
 				`"email":"oauth2@example.com"`,
 				`"emailVisibility":true`,
 				`"name":"test_name"`,
@@ -1153,6 +1284,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"isNew":true`,
 				`"email":"oauth2@example.com"`,
 				`"emailVisibility":false`,
 				`"verified":true`,
@@ -1189,7 +1321,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "creating user (with mapped OAuth2 fields and avatarURL->non-file field)",
+			Name:   "creating user (with mapped OAuth2 fields, case-sensitive username and avatarURL->non-file field)",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-oauth2",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -1209,7 +1341,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 						AuthUser: &auth.AuthUser{
 							Id:        "oauth2_id",
 							Email:     "oauth2@example.com",
-							Username:  "oauth2_username",
+							Username:  "tESt2_username", // wouldn't match with existing because the related field index is case-sensitive
 							Name:      "oauth2_name",
 							AvatarURL: server.URL + "/oauth2_avatar.png",
 						},
@@ -1235,9 +1367,10 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"isNew":true`,
 				`"email":"oauth2@example.com"`,
 				`"emailVisibility":false`,
-				`"username":"oauth2_username"`,
+				`"username":"tESt2_username"`,
 				`"name":"http://127.`,
 				`"verified":true`,
 				`"avatar":""`,
@@ -1273,7 +1406,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "creating user (with mapped OAuth2 fields and duplicated username)",
+			Name:   "creating user (with mapped OAuth2 fields and duplicated case-insensitive username)",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-oauth2",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -1293,13 +1426,21 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 						AuthUser: &auth.AuthUser{
 							Id:       "oauth2_id",
 							Email:    "oauth2@example.com",
-							Username: "test2_username",
+							Username: "tESt2_username",
 							Name:     "oauth2_name",
 						},
 						Token: &oauth2.Token{AccessToken: "abc"},
 					}
 				}
 
+				// make the username index case-insensitive to ensure that case-insensitive match is used
+				index, ok := dbutils.FindSingleColumnUniqueIndex(usersCol.Indexes, "username")
+				if ok {
+					index.Columns[0].Collate = "nocase"
+					usersCol.RemoveIndex(index.IndexName)
+					usersCol.Indexes = append(usersCol.Indexes, index.Build())
+				}
+
 				// add the test provider in the collection
 				usersCol.MFA.Enabled = false
 				usersCol.OAuth2.Enabled = true
@@ -1317,6 +1458,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"isNew":true`,
 				`"email":"oauth2@example.com"`,
 				`"emailVisibility":false`,
 				`"verified":true`,
@@ -1398,6 +1540,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"isNew":true`,
 				`"email":"oauth2@example.com"`,
 				`"emailVisibility":false`,
 				`"verified":true`,
@@ -1434,6 +1577,167 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOAuth2(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnRecordValidate": 4,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnRecordAuthWithOAuth2Request tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-oauth2",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"provider": "test",
+				"code":"123",
+				"redirectURL": "https://example.com"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				user, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// register the test provider
+				auth.Providers["test"] = func() auth.Provider {
+					return &oauth2MockProvider{
+						AuthUser: &auth.AuthUser{Id: "test_id"},
+						Token:    &oauth2.Token{AccessToken: "abc"},
+					}
+				}
+
+				// add the test provider in the collection
+				user.Collection().MFA.Enabled = false
+				user.Collection().OAuth2.Enabled = true
+				user.Collection().OAuth2.Providers = []core.OAuth2ProviderConfig{{
+					Name:         "test",
+					ClientId:     "123",
+					ClientSecret: "456",
+				}}
+				if err := app.Save(user.Collection()); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// stub linked provider
+				ea := core.NewExternalAuth(app)
+				ea.SetCollectionRef(user.Collection().Id)
+				ea.SetRecordRef(user.Id)
+				ea.SetProvider("test")
+				ea.SetProviderId("test_id")
+				if err := app.Save(ea); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				app.OnRecordAuthWithOAuth2Request().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordAuthWithOAuth2RequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordAuthWithOAuth2Request": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
+
+		// Apple AuthUser.Name assign checks
+		// -----------------------------------------------------------
+		{
+			Name:   "store name with Apple provider",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-oauth2",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"provider": "apple",
+				"code":"test_code",
+				"redirectURL": "https://example.com"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				users, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("users")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// register the test provider
+				auth.Providers[auth.NameApple] = func() auth.Provider {
+					return &oauth2MockProvider{
+						AuthUser: &auth.AuthUser{Id: "test_id"},
+						Token:    &oauth2.Token{AccessToken: "abc"},
+					}
+				}
+
+				app.Store().Set("@redirect_name_test_code", "test_store_name")
+
+				// add the test provider in the collection
+				users.MFA.Enabled = false
+				users.OAuth2.Enabled = true
+				users.OAuth2.Providers = []core.OAuth2ProviderConfig{{
+					Name:         auth.NameApple,
+					ClientId:     "123",
+					ClientSecret: "456",
+				}}
+				if err := app.Save(users); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"meta":{`,
+				`"name":"test_store_name"`,
+			},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				if app.Store().Has("@redirect_name_test_code") {
+					t.Fatal("Expected @redirect_name_test_code store key to be removed")
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "store name with non-Apple provider",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-oauth2",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"provider": "test",
+				"code":"test_code",
+				"redirectURL": "https://example.com"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				users, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("users")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// register the test provider
+				auth.Providers["test"] = func() auth.Provider {
+					return &oauth2MockProvider{
+						AuthUser: &auth.AuthUser{Id: "test_id"},
+						Token:    &oauth2.Token{AccessToken: "abc"},
+					}
+				}
+
+				app.Store().Set("@redirect_name_test_code", "test_store_name")
+
+				// add the test provider in the collection
+				users.MFA.Enabled = false
+				users.OAuth2.Enabled = true
+				users.OAuth2.Providers = []core.OAuth2ProviderConfig{{
+					Name:         "test",
+					ClientId:     "123",
+					ClientSecret: "456",
+				}}
+				if err := app.Save(users); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"name":"test_store_name"`,
+			},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				if !app.Store().Has("@redirect_name_test_code") {
+					t.Fatal("Expected @redirect_name_test_code store key to NOT be deleted")
+				}
+			},
+		},
 
 		// rate limit checks
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------

apis/record_auth_with_otp.go

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ func recordAuthWithOTP(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("An error occurred while validating the submitted data.", err))
 	}
 
+	e.Set(core.RequestEventKeyInfoContext, core.RequestInfoContextOTP)
+
 	event := new(core.RecordAuthWithOTPRequestEvent)
 	event.RequestEvent = e
 	event.Collection = collection
@@ -51,8 +53,8 @@ func recordAuthWithOTP(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		return e.BadRequestError("Invalid or expired OTP", fmt.Errorf("missing auth record: %w", err))
 	}
 
-	// since otps are usually simple digit numbers we enforce an extra rate limit rule to prevent enumerations
-	err = checkRateLimit(e, "@pb_otp_"+event.OTP.Id+event.Record.Id, core.RateLimitRule{MaxRequests: 4, Duration: 180})
+	// since otps are usually simple digit numbers, enforce an extra rate limit rule as basic enumaration protection
+	err = checkRateLimit(e, "@pb_otp_"+event.Record.Id, core.RateLimitRule{MaxRequests: 5, Duration: 180})
 	if err != nil {
 		return e.TooManyRequestsError("Too many attempts, please try again later with a new OTP.", nil)
 	}
@@ -63,24 +65,29 @@ func recordAuthWithOTP(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	// ---
 
 	return e.App.OnRecordAuthWithOTPRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.RecordAuthWithOTPRequestEvent) error {
-		err = RecordAuthResponse(e.RequestEvent, e.Record, core.MFAMethodOTP, nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		// try to delete the used otp
-		if e.OTP != nil {
-			err = e.App.Delete(e.OTP)
+		// update the user email verified state in case the OTP originate from an email address matching the current record one
+		//
+		// note: don't wait for success auth response (it could fail because of MFA) and because we already validated the OTP above
+		otpSentTo := e.OTP.SentTo()
+		if !e.Record.Verified() && otpSentTo != "" && e.Record.Email() == otpSentTo {
+			e.Record.SetVerified(true)
+			err = e.App.Save(e.Record)
 			if err != nil {
-				e.App.Logger().Error("Failed to delete used OTP", "error", err, "otpId", e.OTP.Id)
+				e.App.Logger().Error("Failed to update record verified state after successful OTP validation",
+					"error", err,
+					"otpId", e.OTP.Id,
+					"recordId", e.Record.Id,
+				)
 			}
 		}
 
-		// note: we don't update the user verified state the same way as in the password reset confirmation
-		// at the moment because it is not clear whether the otp confirmation came from the user email
-		// (e.g. it could be from an sms or some other channel)
+		// try to delete the used otp
+		err = e.App.Delete(e.OTP)
+		if err != nil {
+			e.App.Logger().Error("Failed to delete used OTP", "error", err, "otpId", e.OTP.Id)
+		}
 
-		return nil
+		return RecordAuthResponse(e.RequestEvent, e.Record, core.MFAMethodOTP, nil)
 	})
 }
 

apis/record_auth_with_otp_test.go

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOTP(t *testing.T) {
 			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "valid otp with valid password",
+			Name:   "valid otp with valid password (enabled MFA)",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-otp",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOTP(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "valid otp with valid password (disabled MFA)",
+			Name:   "valid otp with valid password and empty sentTo (disabled MFA)",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-otp",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -249,8 +249,15 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOTP(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 
+				// ensure that the user is unverified
+				user.SetVerified(false)
+				if err = app.Save(user); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// disable MFA
 				user.Collection().MFA.Enabled = false
-				if err := app.Save(user.Collection()); err != nil {
+				if err = app.Save(user.Collection()); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 
@@ -262,6 +269,20 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOTP(t *testing.T) {
 				if err := app.Save(otp); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
+
+				// test at least once that the correct request info context is properly loaded
+				app.OnRecordAuthRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordAuthRequestEvent) error {
+					info, err := e.RequestInfo()
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatal(err)
+					}
+
+					if info.Context != core.RequestInfoContextOTP {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected request context %q, got %q", core.RequestInfoContextOTP, info.Context)
+					}
+
+					return e.Next()
+				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
@@ -297,6 +318,153 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOTP(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnRecordDeleteExecute":      1,
 				"OnRecordAfterDeleteSuccess": 1,
 			},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				user, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				if user.Verified() {
+					t.Fatal("Expected the user to remain unverified because sentTo != email")
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "valid otp with valid password and nonempty sentTo=email (disabled MFA)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-otp",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"otpId":"` + strings.Repeat("a", 15) + `",
+				"password":"123456"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				user, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// ensure that the user is unverified
+				user.SetVerified(false)
+				if err = app.Save(user); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// disable MFA
+				user.Collection().MFA.Enabled = false
+				if err = app.Save(user.Collection()); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				otp := core.NewOTP(app)
+				otp.Id = strings.Repeat("a", 15)
+				otp.SetCollectionRef(user.Collection().Id)
+				otp.SetRecordRef(user.Id)
+				otp.SetPassword("123456")
+				otp.SetSentTo(user.Email())
+				if err := app.Save(otp); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"token":"`,
+				`"record":{`,
+				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
+			},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"meta":`,
+				// hidden fields
+				`"tokenKey"`,
+				`"password"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                          0,
+				"OnRecordAuthWithOTPRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordAuthRequest":        1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":             1,
+				// ---
+				"OnModelValidate": 2, // +1 because of the verified user update
+				// authOrigin create
+				"OnModelCreate":             1,
+				"OnModelCreateExecute":      1,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateSuccess": 1,
+				// OTP delete
+				"OnModelDelete":             1,
+				"OnModelDeleteExecute":      1,
+				"OnModelAfterDeleteSuccess": 1,
+				// user verified update
+				"OnModelUpdate":             1,
+				"OnModelUpdateExecute":      1,
+				"OnModelAfterUpdateSuccess": 1,
+				// ---
+				"OnRecordValidate":           2,
+				"OnRecordCreate":             1,
+				"OnRecordCreateExecute":      1,
+				"OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess": 1,
+				"OnRecordDelete":             1,
+				"OnRecordDeleteExecute":      1,
+				"OnRecordAfterDeleteSuccess": 1,
+				"OnRecordUpdate":             1,
+				"OnRecordUpdateExecute":      1,
+				"OnRecordAfterUpdateSuccess": 1,
+			},
+			AfterTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, res *http.Response) {
+				user, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				if !user.Verified() {
+					t.Fatal("Expected the user to be marked as verified")
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnRecordAuthWithOTPRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/users/auth-with-otp",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"otpId":"` + strings.Repeat("a", 15) + `",
+				"password":"123456"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				user, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail("users", "test@example.com")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// disable MFA
+				user.Collection().MFA.Enabled = false
+				if err = app.Save(user.Collection()); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				otp := core.NewOTP(app)
+				otp.Id = strings.Repeat("a", 15)
+				otp.SetCollectionRef(user.Collection().Id)
+				otp.SetRecordRef(user.Id)
+				otp.SetPassword("123456")
+				if err := app.Save(otp); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				app.OnRecordAuthWithOTPRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordAuthWithOTPRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordAuthWithOTPRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 
 		// rate limit checks
@@ -387,11 +555,13 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithOTPManualRateLimiterCheck(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{otpAId, "12345", 400},
 		{otpAId, "12345", 400},
-		{otpAId, "12345", 400},
-		{otpAId, "12345", 400},
-		{otpAId, "123456", 429},
 		{otpBId, "12345", 400},
-		{otpBId, "123456", 200},
+		{otpBId, "12345", 400},
+		{otpBId, "12345", 400},
+		{otpAId, "12345", 429},
+		{otpAId, "123456", 429}, // reject even if it is correct
+		{otpAId, "123456", 429},
+		{otpBId, "123456", 429},
 	}
 
 	for _, s := range scenarios {

apis/record_auth_with_password.go

@@ -3,10 +3,14 @@ package apis
 import (
 	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
 
 	validation "github.com/go-ozzo/ozzo-validation/v4"
 	"github.com/go-ozzo/ozzo-validation/v4/is"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/dbx"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/dbutils"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/list"
 )
 
@@ -28,29 +32,40 @@ func recordAuthWithPassword(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("An error occurred while validating the submitted data.", err))
 	}
 
+	e.Set(core.RequestEventKeyInfoContext, core.RequestInfoContextPasswordAuth)
+
 	var foundRecord *core.Record
 	var foundErr error
 
 	if form.IdentityField != "" {
-		foundRecord, foundErr = e.App.FindFirstRecordByData(collection.Id, form.IdentityField, form.Identity)
+		foundRecord, foundErr = findRecordByIdentityField(e.App, collection, form.IdentityField, form.Identity)
 	} else {
-		// prioritize email lookup
-		isEmail := is.EmailFormat.Validate(form.Identity) == nil
-		if isEmail && list.ExistInSlice(core.FieldNameEmail, collection.PasswordAuth.IdentityFields) {
-			foundRecord, foundErr = e.App.FindAuthRecordByEmail(collection.Id, form.Identity)
+		identityFields := collection.PasswordAuth.IdentityFields
+
+		// @todo consider removing with the stable release or moving it in the collection save
+		//
+		// prioritize email lookup to minimize breaking changes with earlier versions
+		if len(identityFields) > 1 && identityFields[0] != core.FieldNameEmail {
+			identityFields = slices.Clone(identityFields)
+			slices.SortStableFunc(identityFields, func(a, b string) int {
+				if a == "email" {
+					return -1
+				}
+				if b == "email" {
+					return 1
+				}
+				return 0
+			})
 		}
 
-		// search by the other identity fields
-		if !isEmail || foundErr != nil {
-			for _, name := range collection.PasswordAuth.IdentityFields {
-				if !isEmail && name == core.FieldNameEmail {
-					continue // no need to search by the email field if it is not an email
-				}
+		for _, name := range identityFields {
+			if name == core.FieldNameEmail && is.EmailFormat.Validate(form.Identity) != nil {
+				continue // no need to query the database if we know that the submitted value is not an email
+			}
 
-				foundRecord, foundErr = e.App.FindFirstRecordByData(collection.Id, name, form.Identity)
-				if foundErr == nil {
-					break
-				}
+			foundRecord, foundErr = findRecordByIdentityField(e.App, collection, name, form.Identity)
+			if foundErr == nil {
+				break
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -92,6 +107,38 @@ func (form *authWithPasswordForm) validate(collection *core.Collection) error {
 	return validation.ValidateStruct(form,
 		validation.Field(&form.Identity, validation.Required, validation.Length(1, 255)),
 		validation.Field(&form.Password, validation.Required, validation.Length(1, 255)),
-		validation.Field(&form.IdentityField, validation.In(list.ToInterfaceSlice(collection.PasswordAuth.IdentityFields)...)),
+		validation.Field(
+			&form.IdentityField,
+			validation.Length(1, 255),
+			validation.In(list.ToInterfaceSlice(collection.PasswordAuth.IdentityFields)...),
+		),
 	)
 }
+
+func findRecordByIdentityField(app core.App, collection *core.Collection, field string, value any) (*core.Record, error) {
+	if !slices.Contains(collection.PasswordAuth.IdentityFields, field) {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid identity field " + field)
+	}
+
+	index, ok := dbutils.FindSingleColumnUniqueIndex(collection.Indexes, field)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("missing " + field + " unique index constraint")
+	}
+
+	var expr dbx.Expression
+	if strings.EqualFold(index.Columns[0].Collate, "nocase") {
+		// case-insensitive search
+		expr = dbx.NewExp("[["+field+"]] = {:identity} COLLATE NOCASE", dbx.Params{"identity": value})
+	} else {
+		expr = dbx.HashExp{field: value}
+	}
+
+	record := &core.Record{}
+
+	err := app.RecordQuery(collection).AndWhere(expr).Limit(1).One(record)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return record, nil
+}

apis/record_auth_with_password_test.go

@@ -1,18 +1,44 @@
 package apis_test
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tests"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/dbutils"
 )
 
 func TestRecordAuthWithPassword(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
+	updateIdentityIndex := func(collectionIdOrName string, fieldCollateMap map[string]string) func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+		return func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+			collection, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("clients")
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			for column, collate := range fieldCollateMap {
+				index, ok := dbutils.FindSingleColumnUniqueIndex(collection.Indexes, column)
+				if !ok {
+					t.Fatalf("Missing unique identityField index for column %q", column)
+				}
+
+				index.Columns[0].Collate = collate
+
+				collection.RemoveIndex(index.IndexName)
+				collection.Indexes = append(collection.Indexes, index.Build())
+			}
+
+			err = app.Save(collection)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to update identityField index: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	scenarios := []tests.ApiScenario{
 		{
 			Name:            "disabled password auth",
@@ -55,7 +81,7 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithPassword(t *testing.T) {
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/clients/auth-with-password",
 			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
@@ -64,15 +90,22 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithPassword(t *testing.T) {
 			}`),
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordAuthWithPasswordRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                               0,
-				"OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "valid identity field and invalid password",
@@ -99,6 +132,21 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithPassword(t *testing.T) {
 				"identity":"test@example.com",
 				"password":"1234567890"
 			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				// test at least once that the correct request info context is properly loaded
+				app.OnRecordAuthRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordAuthRequestEvent) error {
+					info, err := e.RequestInfo()
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatal(err)
+					}
+
+					if info.Context != core.RequestInfoContextPasswordAuth {
+						t.Fatalf("Expected request context %q, got %q", core.RequestInfoContextPasswordAuth, info.Context)
+					}
+
+					return e.Next()
+				})
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
 				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
@@ -164,6 +212,73 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithPassword(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnMailerRecordAuthAlertSend": 1,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			// https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/issues/7256
+			Name:   "valid non-email identity field with a value that is a properly formatted email",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/clients/auth-with-password",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"identity":"username_as_email@example.com",
+				"password":"1234567890"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				record, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail("clients", "test@example.com")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				record.Set("username", "username_as_email@example.com")
+
+				err = app.SaveNoValidate(record)
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
+				`"username":"username_as_email@example.com"`,
+				`"token":`,
+			},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{
+				// hidden fields
+				`"tokenKey"`,
+				`"password"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                               0,
+				"OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordAuthRequest":             1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":                  1,
+				// authOrigin track
+				"OnModelCreate":               1,
+				"OnModelCreateExecute":        1,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateSuccess":   1,
+				"OnModelValidate":             1,
+				"OnRecordCreate":              1,
+				"OnRecordCreateExecute":       1,
+				"OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess":  1,
+				"OnRecordValidate":            1,
+				"OnMailerSend":                1,
+				"OnMailerRecordAuthAlertSend": 1,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "unknown explicit identityField",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/clients/auth-with-password",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"identityField": "created",
+				"identity":"test@example.com",
+				"password":"1234567890"
+			}`),
+			ExpectedStatus: 400,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"data":{`,
+				`"identityField":{"code":"validation_in_invalid"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
 		{
 			Name:   "valid identity field and valid password with mismatched explicit identityField",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
@@ -440,6 +555,141 @@ func TestRecordAuthWithPassword(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 
+		// case sensitivity checks
+		// -----------------------------------------------------------
+		{
+			Name:   "with explicit identityField (case-sensitive)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/clients/auth-with-password",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"identityField": "username",
+				"identity":"Clients57772",
+				"password":"1234567890"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc:  updateIdentityIndex("clients", map[string]string{"username": ""}),
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                               0,
+				"OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest": 1,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "with explicit identityField (case-insensitive)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/clients/auth-with-password",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"identityField": "username",
+				"identity":"Clients57772",
+				"password":"1234567890"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: updateIdentityIndex("clients", map[string]string{"username": "nocase"}),
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
+				`"username":"clients57772"`,
+				`"token":`,
+			},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{
+				// hidden fields
+				`"tokenKey"`,
+				`"password"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                               0,
+				"OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordAuthRequest":             1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":                  1,
+				// authOrigin track
+				"OnModelCreate":               1,
+				"OnModelCreateExecute":        1,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateSuccess":   1,
+				"OnModelValidate":             1,
+				"OnRecordCreate":              1,
+				"OnRecordCreateExecute":       1,
+				"OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess":  1,
+				"OnRecordValidate":            1,
+				"OnMailerSend":                1,
+				"OnMailerRecordAuthAlertSend": 1,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "without explicit identityField and non-email field (case-insensitive)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/clients/auth-with-password",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"identity":"Clients57772",
+				"password":"1234567890"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: updateIdentityIndex("clients", map[string]string{"username": "nocase"}),
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
+				`"username":"clients57772"`,
+				`"token":`,
+			},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{
+				// hidden fields
+				`"tokenKey"`,
+				`"password"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                               0,
+				"OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordAuthRequest":             1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":                  1,
+				// authOrigin track
+				"OnModelCreate":               1,
+				"OnModelCreateExecute":        1,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateSuccess":   1,
+				"OnModelValidate":             1,
+				"OnRecordCreate":              1,
+				"OnRecordCreateExecute":       1,
+				"OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess":  1,
+				"OnRecordValidate":            1,
+				"OnMailerSend":                1,
+				"OnMailerRecordAuthAlertSend": 1,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "without explicit identityField and email field (case-insensitive)",
+			Method: http.MethodPost,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/clients/auth-with-password",
+			Body: strings.NewReader(`{
+				"identity":"tESt@example.com",
+				"password":"1234567890"
+			}`),
+			BeforeTestFunc: updateIdentityIndex("clients", map[string]string{"email": "nocase"}),
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"email":"test@example.com"`,
+				`"username":"clients57772"`,
+				`"token":`,
+			},
+			NotExpectedContent: []string{
+				// hidden fields
+				`"tokenKey"`,
+				`"password"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                               0,
+				"OnRecordAuthWithPasswordRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordAuthRequest":             1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":                  1,
+				// authOrigin track
+				"OnModelCreate":               1,
+				"OnModelCreateExecute":        1,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateSuccess":   1,
+				"OnModelValidate":             1,
+				"OnRecordCreate":              1,
+				"OnRecordCreateExecute":       1,
+				"OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess":  1,
+				"OnRecordValidate":            1,
+				"OnMailerSend":                1,
+				"OnMailerRecordAuthAlertSend": 1,
+			},
+		},
+
 		// rate limit checks
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------
 		{

apis/record_crud.go

@@ -1,17 +1,23 @@
 package apis
 
 import (
+	cryptoRand "crypto/rand"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/pocketbase/dbx"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/forms"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/filesystem"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/inflector"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/list"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/router"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/search"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/security"
 )
 
 // bindRecordCrudApi registers the record crud api endpoints and
@@ -22,9 +28,9 @@ func bindRecordCrudApi(app core.App, rg *router.RouterGroup[*core.RequestEvent])
 	subGroup := rg.Group("/collections/{collection}/records").Unbind(DefaultRateLimitMiddlewareId)
 	subGroup.GET("", recordsList)
 	subGroup.GET("/{id}", recordView)
-	subGroup.POST("", recordCreate(nil)).Bind(dynamicCollectionBodyLimit(""))
-	subGroup.PATCH("/{id}", recordUpdate(nil)).Bind(dynamicCollectionBodyLimit(""))
-	subGroup.DELETE("/{id}", recordDelete(nil))
+	subGroup.POST("", recordCreate(true, nil)).Bind(dynamicCollectionBodyLimit(""))
+	subGroup.PATCH("/{id}", recordUpdate(true, nil)).Bind(dynamicCollectionBodyLimit(""))
+	subGroup.DELETE("/{id}", recordDelete(true, nil))
 }
 
 func recordsList(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
@@ -53,23 +59,32 @@ func recordsList(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	fieldsResolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(
-		e.App,
-		collection,
-		requestInfo,
-		// hidden fields are searchable only by superusers
-		requestInfo.HasSuperuserAuth(),
-	)
+	query := e.App.RecordQuery(collection)
 
-	searchProvider := search.NewProvider(fieldsResolver).
-		Query(e.App.RecordQuery(collection))
+	fieldsResolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(e.App, collection, requestInfo, true)
 
-	if !requestInfo.HasSuperuserAuth() && collection.ListRule != nil {
-		searchProvider.AddFilter(search.FilterData(*collection.ListRule))
+	if !requestInfo.HasSuperuserAuth() && collection.ListRule != nil && *collection.ListRule != "" {
+		expr, err := search.FilterData(*collection.ListRule).BuildExpr(fieldsResolver)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		query.AndWhere(expr)
+
+		// will be applied by the search provider right before executing the query
+		// fieldsResolver.UpdateQuery(query)
+	}
+
+	// hidden fields are searchable only by superusers
+	fieldsResolver.SetAllowHiddenFields(requestInfo.HasSuperuserAuth())
+
+	searchProvider := search.NewProvider(fieldsResolver).Query(query)
+
+	// use rowid when available to minimize the need of a covering index with the "id" field
+	if !collection.IsView() {
+		searchProvider.CountCol("_rowid_")
 	}
 
 	records := []*core.Record{}
-
 	result, err := searchProvider.ParseAndExec(e.Request.URL.Query().Encode(), &records)
 	if err != nil {
 		return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("", err))
@@ -86,10 +101,46 @@ func recordsList(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			return firstApiError(err, e.InternalServerError("Failed to enrich records", err))
 		}
 
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Result)
+		// Add a randomized throttle in case of too many empty search filter attempts.
+		//
+		// This is just for extra precaution since security researches raised concern regarding the possibility of eventual
+		// timing attacks because the List API rule acts also as filter and executes in a single run with the client-side filters.
+		// This is by design and it is an accepted trade off between performance, usability and correctness.
+		//
+		// While technically the below doesn't fully guarantee protection against filter timing attacks, in practice combined with the network latency it makes them even less feasible.
+		// A properly configured rate limiter or individual fields Hidden checks are better suited if you are really concerned about eventual information disclosure by side-channel attacks.
+		//
+		// In all cases it doesn't really matter that much because it doesn't affect the builtin PocketBase security sensitive fields (e.g. password and tokenKey) since they
+		// are not client-side filterable and in the few places where they need to be compared against an external value, a constant time check is used.
+		if !e.HasSuperuserAuth() &&
+			(collection.ListRule != nil && *collection.ListRule != "") &&
+			(requestInfo.Query["filter"] != "") &&
+			len(e.Records) == 0 &&
+			checkRateLimit(e.RequestEvent, "@pb_list_timing_check_"+collection.Id, listTimingRateLimitRule) != nil {
+			e.App.Logger().Debug("Randomized throttle because of too many failed searches", "collectionId", collection.Id)
+			randomizedThrottle(500)
+		}
+
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Result)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
+var listTimingRateLimitRule = core.RateLimitRule{MaxRequests: 3, Duration: 3}
+
+func randomizedThrottle(softMax int64) {
+	var timeout int64
+	randRange, err := cryptoRand.Int(cryptoRand.Reader, big.NewInt(softMax))
+	if err == nil {
+		timeout = randRange.Int64()
+	} else {
+		timeout = softMax
+	}
+
+	time.Sleep(time.Duration(timeout) * time.Millisecond)
+}
+
 func recordView(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	collection, err := e.App.FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(e.Request.PathValue("collection"))
 	if err != nil || collection == nil {
@@ -118,12 +169,18 @@ func recordView(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	ruleFunc := func(q *dbx.SelectQuery) error {
 		if !requestInfo.HasSuperuserAuth() && collection.ViewRule != nil && *collection.ViewRule != "" {
 			resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(e.App, collection, requestInfo, true)
+
 			expr, err := search.FilterData(*collection.ViewRule).BuildExpr(resolver)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+
 			q.AndWhere(expr)
+
+			err = resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -143,11 +200,13 @@ func recordView(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			return firstApiError(err, e.InternalServerError("Failed to enrich record", err))
 		}
 
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Record)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Record)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
-func recordCreate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+func recordCreate(responseWriteAfterTx bool, optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	return func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		collection, err := e.App.FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(e.Request.PathValue("collection"))
 		if err != nil || collection == nil {
@@ -180,6 +239,16 @@ func recordCreate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 			return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to read the submitted data.", err))
 		}
 
+		// set a random password for the OAuth2 ignoring its plain password validators
+		var skipPlainPasswordRecordValidators bool
+		if requestInfo.Context == core.RequestInfoContextOAuth2 {
+			if _, ok := data[core.FieldNamePassword]; !ok {
+				data[core.FieldNamePassword] = security.RandomString(30)
+				data[core.FieldNamePassword+"Confirm"] = data[core.FieldNamePassword]
+				skipPlainPasswordRecordValidators = true
+			}
+		}
+
 		// replace modifiers fields so that the resolved value is always
 		// available when accessing requestInfo.Body
 		requestInfo.Body = data
@@ -190,6 +259,83 @@ func recordCreate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 		}
 		form.Load(data)
 
+		if skipPlainPasswordRecordValidators {
+			// unset the plain value to skip the plain password field validators
+			if raw, ok := record.GetRaw(core.FieldNamePassword).(*core.PasswordFieldValue); ok {
+				raw.Plain = ""
+			}
+		}
+
+		// check the request and record data against the create and manage rules
+		if !hasSuperuserAuth && collection.CreateRule != nil {
+			dummyRecord := record.Clone()
+
+			dummyRandomPart := "__pb_create__" + security.PseudorandomString(6)
+
+			// set an id if it doesn't have already
+			// (the value doesn't matter; it is used only to minimize the breaking changes with earlier versions)
+			if dummyRecord.Id == "" {
+				dummyRecord.Id = "__temp_id__" + dummyRandomPart
+			}
+
+			// unset the verified field to prevent manage API rule misuse in case the rule relies on it
+			dummyRecord.SetVerified(false)
+
+			// export the dummy record data into db params
+			dummyExport, err := dummyRecord.DBExport(e.App)
+			if err != nil {
+				return e.BadRequestError("Failed to create record", fmt.Errorf("dummy DBExport error: %w", err))
+			}
+
+			dummyParams := make(dbx.Params, len(dummyExport))
+			selects := make([]string, 0, len(dummyExport))
+			var param string
+			for k, v := range dummyExport {
+				k = inflector.Columnify(k) // columnify is just as extra measure in case of custom fields
+				param = "__pb_create__" + k
+				dummyParams[param] = v
+				selects = append(selects, "{:"+param+"} AS [["+k+"]]")
+			}
+
+			// shallow clone the current collection
+			dummyCollection := *collection
+			dummyCollection.Id += dummyRandomPart
+			dummyCollection.Name += inflector.Columnify(dummyRandomPart)
+
+			withFrom := fmt.Sprintf("WITH {{%s}} as (SELECT %s)", dummyCollection.Name, strings.Join(selects, ","))
+
+			// check non-empty create rule
+			if *dummyCollection.CreateRule != "" {
+				ruleQuery := e.App.ConcurrentDB().Select("(1)").PreFragment(withFrom).From(dummyCollection.Name).AndBind(dummyParams)
+
+				resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(e.App, &dummyCollection, requestInfo, true)
+
+				expr, err := search.FilterData(*dummyCollection.CreateRule).BuildExpr(resolver)
+				if err != nil {
+					return e.BadRequestError("Failed to create record", fmt.Errorf("create rule build expression failure: %w", err))
+				}
+				ruleQuery.AndWhere(expr)
+
+				err = resolver.UpdateQuery(ruleQuery)
+				if err != nil {
+					return e.BadRequestError("Failed to create record", fmt.Errorf("create rule update query failure: %w", err))
+				}
+
+				var exists int
+				err = ruleQuery.Limit(1).Row(&exists)
+				if err != nil || exists == 0 {
+					return e.BadRequestError("Failed to create record", fmt.Errorf("create rule failure: %w", err))
+				}
+			}
+
+			// check for manage rule access
+			manageRuleQuery := e.App.ConcurrentDB().Select("(1)").PreFragment(withFrom).From(dummyCollection.Name).AndBind(dummyParams)
+			if !form.HasManageAccess() &&
+				hasAuthManageAccess(e.App, requestInfo, &dummyCollection, manageRuleQuery) {
+				form.GrantManagerAccess()
+			}
+		}
+
 		var isOptFinalizerCalled bool
 
 		event := new(core.RecordRequestEvent)
@@ -201,59 +347,9 @@ func recordCreate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 			form.SetApp(e.App)
 			form.SetRecord(e.Record)
 
-			// temporary save the record and check it against the create and manage rules
-			if !hasSuperuserAuth && e.Collection.CreateRule != nil {
-				// temporary grant manager access level
-				form.GrantManagerAccess()
-
-				// manually unset the verified field to prevent manage API rule misuse in case the rule relies on it
-				initialVerified := e.Record.Verified()
-				if initialVerified {
-					e.Record.SetVerified(false)
-				}
-
-				createRuleFunc := func(q *dbx.SelectQuery) error {
-					if *e.Collection.CreateRule == "" {
-						return nil // no create rule to resolve
-					}
-
-					resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(e.App, e.Collection, requestInfo, true)
-					expr, err := search.FilterData(*e.Collection.CreateRule).BuildExpr(resolver)
-					if err != nil {
-						return err
-					}
-					resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
-					q.AndWhere(expr)
-
-					return nil
-				}
-
-				testErr := form.DrySubmit(func(txApp core.App, drySavedRecord *core.Record) error {
-					foundRecord, err := txApp.FindRecordById(drySavedRecord.Collection(), drySavedRecord.Id, createRuleFunc)
-					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("DrySubmit create rule failure: %w", err)
-					}
-
-					// reset the form access level in case it satisfies the Manage API rule
-					if !hasAuthManageAccess(txApp, requestInfo, foundRecord) {
-						form.ResetAccess()
-					}
-
-					return nil
-				})
-				if testErr != nil {
-					return e.BadRequestError("Failed to create record.", testErr)
-				}
-
-				// restore initial verified state (it will be further validated on submit)
-				if initialVerified != e.Record.Verified() {
-					e.Record.SetVerified(initialVerified)
-				}
-			}
-
 			err := form.Submit()
 			if err != nil {
-				return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to create record.", err))
+				return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to create record", err))
 			}
 
 			err = EnrichRecord(e.RequestEvent, e.Record)
@@ -261,7 +357,9 @@ func recordCreate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 				return firstApiError(err, e.InternalServerError("Failed to enrich record", err))
 			}
 
-			err = e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Record)
+			err = execAfterSuccessTx(responseWriteAfterTx, e.App, func() error {
+				return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Record)
+			})
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -291,7 +389,7 @@ func recordCreate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 	}
 }
 
-func recordUpdate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+func recordUpdate(responseWriteAfterTx bool, optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	return func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		collection, err := e.App.FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(e.Request.PathValue("collection"))
 		if err != nil || collection == nil {
@@ -341,12 +439,18 @@ func recordUpdate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 		ruleFunc := func(q *dbx.SelectQuery) error {
 			if !hasSuperuserAuth && collection.UpdateRule != nil && *collection.UpdateRule != "" {
 				resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(e.App, collection, requestInfo, true)
+
 				expr, err := search.FilterData(*collection.UpdateRule).BuildExpr(resolver)
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-				resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+
 				q.AndWhere(expr)
+
+				err = resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
 			}
 			return nil
 		}
@@ -363,6 +467,14 @@ func recordUpdate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 		}
 		form.Load(data)
 
+		manageRuleQuery := e.App.ConcurrentDB().Select("(1)").From(collection.Name).AndWhere(dbx.HashExp{
+			collection.Name + ".id": record.Id,
+		})
+		if !form.HasManageAccess() &&
+			hasAuthManageAccess(e.App, requestInfo, collection, manageRuleQuery) {
+			form.GrantManagerAccess()
+		}
+
 		var isOptFinalizerCalled bool
 
 		event := new(core.RecordRequestEvent)
@@ -373,9 +485,6 @@ func recordUpdate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 		hookErr := e.App.OnRecordUpdateRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.RecordRequestEvent) error {
 			form.SetApp(e.App)
 			form.SetRecord(e.Record)
-			if !form.HasManageAccess() && hasAuthManageAccess(e.App, requestInfo, e.Record) {
-				form.GrantManagerAccess()
-			}
 
 			err := form.Submit()
 			if err != nil {
@@ -387,7 +496,9 @@ func recordUpdate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 				return firstApiError(err, e.InternalServerError("Failed to enrich record", err))
 			}
 
-			err = e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Record)
+			err = execAfterSuccessTx(responseWriteAfterTx, e.App, func() error {
+				return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Record)
+			})
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -417,7 +528,7 @@ func recordUpdate(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 	}
 }
 
-func recordDelete(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
+func recordDelete(responseWriteAfterTx bool, optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	return func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 		collection, err := e.App.FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(e.Request.PathValue("collection"))
 		if err != nil || collection == nil {
@@ -450,12 +561,18 @@ func recordDelete(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 		ruleFunc := func(q *dbx.SelectQuery) error {
 			if !requestInfo.HasSuperuserAuth() && collection.DeleteRule != nil && *collection.DeleteRule != "" {
 				resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(e.App, collection, requestInfo, true)
+
 				expr, err := search.FilterData(*collection.DeleteRule).BuildExpr(resolver)
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-				resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+
 				q.AndWhere(expr)
+
+				err = resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
 			}
 			return nil
 		}
@@ -477,7 +594,9 @@ func recordDelete(optFinalizer func(data any) error) func(e *core.RequestEvent)
 				return firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Failed to delete record. Make sure that the record is not part of a required relation reference.", err))
 			}
 
-			err = e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+			err = execAfterSuccessTx(responseWriteAfterTx, e.App, func() error {
+				return e.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+			})
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -524,9 +643,28 @@ func recordDataFromRequest(e *core.RequestEvent, record *core.Record) (map[strin
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if len(uploadedFiles) > 0 {
-		for k, v := range uploadedFiles {
-			result[k] = v
+		for k, files := range uploadedFiles {
+			uploaded := make([]any, 0, len(files))
+
+			// if not remove/prepend/append -> merge with the submitted
+			// info.Body values to prevent accidental old files deletion
+			if info.Body[k] != nil &&
+				!strings.HasPrefix(k, "+") &&
+				!strings.HasSuffix(k, "+") &&
+				!strings.HasSuffix(k, "-") {
+				existing := list.ToUniqueStringSlice(info.Body[k])
+				for _, name := range existing {
+					uploaded = append(uploaded, name)
+				}
+			}
+
+			for _, file := range files {
+				uploaded = append(uploaded, file)
+			}
+
+			result[k] = uploaded
 		}
+
 		result = record.ReplaceModifiers(result)
 	}
 
@@ -587,3 +725,42 @@ func extractUploadedFiles(re *core.RequestEvent, collection *core.Collection, pr
 
 	return result, nil
 }
+
+// hasAuthManageAccess checks whether the client is allowed to have
+// [forms.RecordUpsert] auth management permissions
+// (e.g. allowing to change system auth fields without oldPassword).
+func hasAuthManageAccess(app core.App, requestInfo *core.RequestInfo, collection *core.Collection, query *dbx.SelectQuery) bool {
+	if !collection.IsAuth() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	manageRule := collection.ManageRule
+
+	if manageRule == nil || *manageRule == "" {
+		return false // only for superusers (manageRule can't be empty)
+	}
+
+	if requestInfo == nil || requestInfo.Auth == nil {
+		return false // no auth record
+	}
+
+	resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(app, collection, requestInfo, true)
+
+	expr, err := search.FilterData(*manageRule).BuildExpr(resolver)
+	if err != nil {
+		app.Logger().Error("Manage rule build expression error", "error", err, "collectionId", collection.Id)
+		return false
+	}
+	query.AndWhere(expr)
+
+	err = resolver.UpdateQuery(query)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	var exists int
+
+	err = query.Limit(1).Row(&exists)
+
+	return err == nil && exists > 0
+}

apis/record_crud_test.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package apis_test
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
@@ -259,6 +258,110 @@ func TestRecordCrudList(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnRecordEnrich":       4,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authenticated regular record that matches the collection list rule with hidden field",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/demo3/records",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				// clients, test@example.com
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6ImdrMzkwcWVnczR5NDd3biIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoidjg1MXE0cjc5MHJoa25sIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.0ONnm_BsvPRZyDNT31GN1CKUB6uQRxvVvQ-Wc9AZfG0",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				col, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo3")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// mock hidden field
+				col.Fields.GetByName("title").SetHidden(true)
+
+				col.ListRule = types.Pointer("title ~ 'test'")
+
+				if err = app.Save(col); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"page":1`,
+				`"perPage":30`,
+				`"totalPages":1`,
+				`"totalItems":4`,
+				`"items":[{`,
+				`"id":"1tmknxy2868d869"`,
+				`"id":"lcl9d87w22ml6jy"`,
+				`"id":"7nwo8tuiatetxdm"`,
+				`"id":"mk5fmymtx4wsprk"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                    0,
+				"OnRecordsListRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":       4,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "authenticated regular record filtering with a hidden field",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/demo3/records?filter=title~'test'",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				// clients, test@example.com
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6ImdrMzkwcWVnczR5NDd3biIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoidjg1MXE0cjc5MHJoa25sIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.0ONnm_BsvPRZyDNT31GN1CKUB6uQRxvVvQ-Wc9AZfG0",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				col, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo3")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// mock hidden field
+				col.Fields.GetByName("title").SetHidden(true)
+
+				if err = app.Save(col); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "superuser filtering with a hidden field",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/demo3/records?filter=title~'test'",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				col, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo3")
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+
+				// mock hidden field
+				col.Fields.GetByName("title").SetHidden(true)
+
+				if err = app.Save(col); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"page":1`,
+				`"perPage":30`,
+				`"totalPages":1`,
+				`"totalItems":4`,
+				`"items":[{`,
+				`"id":"1tmknxy2868d869"`,
+				`"id":"lcl9d87w22ml6jy"`,
+				`"id":"7nwo8tuiatetxdm"`,
+				`"id":"mk5fmymtx4wsprk"`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                    0,
+				"OnRecordsListRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":       4,
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			Name:           ":rule modifer",
 			Method:         http.MethodGet,
@@ -279,10 +382,32 @@ func TestRecordCrudList(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:           "multi-match - at least one of",
+			Name:           "multi-match - at least one of (guest - non-satisfied relation filter API rule)",
 			Method:         http.MethodGet,
 			URL:            "/api/collections/demo4/records?filter=" + url.QueryEscape("rel_many_no_cascade_required.files:length?=2"),
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{
+				`"page":1`,
+				`"perPage":30`,
+				`"totalPages":0`,
+				`"totalItems":0`,
+				`"items":[]`,
+			},
+			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
+				"*":                    0,
+				"OnRecordsListRequest": 1,
+				"OnRecordEnrich":       0,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name:   "multi-match - at least one of (clients)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/demo4/records?filter=" + url.QueryEscape("rel_many_no_cascade_required.files:length?=2"),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				// clients, test@example.com
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6ImdrMzkwcWVnczR5NDd3biIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoidjg1MXE0cjc5MHJoa25sIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.0ONnm_BsvPRZyDNT31GN1CKUB6uQRxvVvQ-Wc9AZfG0",
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
 				`"page":1`,
 				`"perPage":30`,
@@ -298,9 +423,13 @@ func TestRecordCrudList(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:           "multi-match - all",
-			Method:         http.MethodGet,
-			URL:            "/api/collections/demo4/records?filter=" + url.QueryEscape("rel_many_no_cascade_required.files:length=2"),
+			Name:   "multi-match - all (clients)",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/demo4/records?filter=" + url.QueryEscape("rel_many_no_cascade_required.files:length=2"),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				// clients, test@example.com
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6ImdrMzkwcWVnczR5NDd3biIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoidjg1MXE0cjc5MHJoa25sIiwiZXhwIjoyNTI0NjA0NDYxLCJyZWZyZXNoYWJsZSI6dHJ1ZX0.0ONnm_BsvPRZyDNT31GN1CKUB6uQRxvVvQ-Wc9AZfG0",
+			},
 			ExpectedStatus: 200,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{
 				`"page":1`,
@@ -314,6 +443,32 @@ func TestRecordCrudList(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnRecordsListRequest": 1,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnRecordsListRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/demo4/records",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnRecordsListRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordsListRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordsListRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 
 		// auth collection
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------
@@ -758,6 +913,32 @@ func TestRecordCrudView(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnRecordEnrich":      7,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnRecordViewRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/collections/demo1/records/al1h9ijdeojtsjy",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnRecordViewRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordViewRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 
 		// auth collection
 		// -----------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1105,7 +1286,7 @@ func TestRecordCrudDelete(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnRecordAfterDeleteSuccessRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnRecordDeleteRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodDelete,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/clients/records/o1y0dd0spd786md",
 			Headers: map[string]string{
@@ -1113,15 +1294,22 @@ func TestRecordCrudDelete(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnRecordDeleteRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                     0,
-				"OnRecordDeleteRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordDeleteRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "authenticated record that match the collection delete rule",
@@ -1459,10 +1647,7 @@ func TestRecordCrudCreate(t *testing.T) {
 			Body:            strings.NewReader(`{"title":"test123"}`),
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                     0,
-				"OnRecordCreateRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "auth record submit in restricted collection (rule failure check)",
@@ -1475,10 +1660,7 @@ func TestRecordCrudCreate(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                     0,
-				"OnRecordCreateRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "auth record submit in restricted collection (rule pass check) + expand relations",
@@ -1627,10 +1809,7 @@ func TestRecordCrudCreate(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
 			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                     0,
-				"OnRecordCreateRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "submit via multipart form data with @jsonPayload key and satisfied @request.body rule",
@@ -1684,29 +1863,44 @@ func TestRecordCrudCreate(t *testing.T) {
 				`"code":"validation_not_unique"`,
 			},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                     0,
-				"OnRecordCreateRequest": 1,
-				// validate events are not fired because the unique check will fail during dry submit
-				// "OnModelValidate":  1,
-				// "OnRecordValidate": 1,
+				"*":                        0,
+				"OnRecordCreateRequest":    1,
+				"OnModelCreate":            1,
+				"OnModelCreateExecute":     1,
+				"OnModelAfterCreateError":  1,
+				"OnModelValidate":          1,
+				"OnRecordCreate":           1,
+				"OnRecordCreateExecute":    1,
+				"OnRecordAfterCreateError": 1,
+				"OnRecordValidate":         1,
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnRecordAfterCreateSuccessRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnRecordCreateRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPost,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/demo2/records",
 			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{"title":"new"}`),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnRecordCreateRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                     0,
-				"OnRecordCreateRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordCreateRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 
 		// ID checks
@@ -1865,14 +2059,9 @@ func TestRecordCrudCreate(t *testing.T) {
 				"total+":4,
 				"total-":2
 			}`),
-			ExpectedStatus: 400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{
-				`"data":{}`,
-			},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                     0,
-				"OnRecordCreateRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"*": 0},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "@request.body.field with compute modifers (rule pass check)",
@@ -2345,7 +2534,7 @@ func TestRecordCrudUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	formData3, mp3, err3 := tests.MockMultipartData(map[string]string{
-		router.JSONPayloadKey: `{"title": "title_test3", "testPayload": 123}`,
+		router.JSONPayloadKey: `{"title": "title_test3", "testPayload": 123, "files":"300_JdfBOieXAW.png"}`,
 	}, "files")
 	if err3 != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err3)
@@ -2686,6 +2875,8 @@ func TestRecordCrudUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 				`"id":"mk5fmymtx4wsprk"`,
 				`"title":"title_test3"`,
 				`"files":["`,
+				`"300_JdfBOieXAW.png"`,
+				`"tmpfile_`,
 			},
 			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
 				"*":                          0,
@@ -2702,21 +2893,31 @@ func TestRecordCrudUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			Name:   "OnRecordAfterUpdateSuccessRequest error response",
+			Name:   "OnRecordUpdateRequest tx body write check",
 			Method: http.MethodPatch,
 			URL:    "/api/collections/demo2/records/0yxhwia2amd8gec",
 			Body:   strings.NewReader(`{"title":"new"}`),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
 			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
 				app.OnRecordUpdateRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordRequestEvent) error {
-					return errors.New("error")
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
 				})
 			},
 			ExpectedStatus:  400,
-			ExpectedContent: []string{`"data":{}`},
-			ExpectedEvents: map[string]int{
-				"*":                     0,
-				"OnRecordUpdateRequest": 1,
-			},
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnRecordUpdateRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
 		},
 		{
 			Name:   "try to change the id of an existing record",

apis/record_helpers.go

@@ -6,13 +6,16 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/pocketbase/dbx"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/mails"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/router"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/routine"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/search"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/security"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/types"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -20,6 +23,8 @@ const (
 	fieldsQueryParam = "fields"
 )
 
+var ErrMFA = errors.New("mfa required")
+
 // RecordAuthResponse writes standardized json record auth response
 // into the specified request context.
 //
@@ -70,9 +75,12 @@ func recordAuthResponse(e *core.RequestEvent, authRecord *core.Record, token str
 
 		// require additional authentication
 		if mfaId != "" {
-			return e.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, map[string]string{
+			// eagerly write the mfa response and return an err so that
+			// external middlewars are aware that the auth response requires an extra step
+			e.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, map[string]string{
 				"mfaId": mfaId,
 			})
+			return ErrMFA
 		}
 		// ---
 
@@ -109,20 +117,27 @@ func recordAuthResponse(e *core.RequestEvent, authRecord *core.Record, token str
 			}
 		}
 
-		result := map[string]any{
-			"token":  e.Token,
-			"record": e.Record,
+		result := struct {
+			Meta   any          `json:"meta,omitempty"`
+			Record *core.Record `json:"record"`
+			Token  string       `json:"token"`
+		}{
+			Token:  e.Token,
+			Record: e.Record,
 		}
 
 		if e.Meta != nil {
-			result["meta"] = e.Meta
+			result.Meta = e.Meta
 		}
 
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, result)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, result)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
-// wantsMFA checks whether to enable MFA for the specified auth record based on its MFA rule.
+// wantsMFA checks whether to enable MFA for the specified auth record based on its MFA rule
+// (note: returns true even in case of an error as a safer default).
 func wantsMFA(e *core.RequestEvent, record *core.Record) (bool, error) {
 	rule := record.Collection().MFA.Rule
 	if rule == "" {
@@ -131,10 +146,10 @@ func wantsMFA(e *core.RequestEvent, record *core.Record) (bool, error) {
 
 	requestInfo, err := e.RequestInfo()
 	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
+		return true, err
 	}
 
-	var exists bool
+	var exists int
 
 	query := e.App.RecordQuery(record.Collection()).
 		Select("(1)").
@@ -144,16 +159,20 @@ func wantsMFA(e *core.RequestEvent, record *core.Record) (bool, error) {
 	resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(e.App, record.Collection(), requestInfo, true)
 	expr, err := search.FilterData(rule).BuildExpr(resolver)
 	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
+		return true, err
+	}
+
+	err = resolver.UpdateQuery(query)
+	if err != nil {
+		return true, err
 	}
-	resolver.UpdateQuery(query)
 
 	err = query.AndWhere(expr).Limit(1).Row(&exists)
 	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
-		return false, err
+		return true, err
 	}
 
-	return exists, nil
+	return exists > 0, nil
 }
 
 // checkMFA handles any MFA auth checks that needs to be performed for the specified request event.
@@ -166,11 +185,10 @@ func checkMFA(e *core.RequestEvent, authRecord *core.Record, currentAuthMethod s
 	}
 
 	ok, err := wantsMFA(e, authRecord)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", e.BadRequestError("Failed to authenticate.", fmt.Errorf("MFA rule failure: %w", err))
+	}
 	if !ok {
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", e.BadRequestError("Failed to authenticate.", fmt.Errorf("MFA rule failure: %w", err))
-		}
-
 		return "", nil // no mfa needed for this auth record
 	}
 
@@ -214,7 +232,7 @@ func checkMFA(e *core.RequestEvent, authRecord *core.Record, currentAuthMethod s
 	}
 	if err != nil || mfa.HasExpired(authRecord.Collection().MFA.DurationTime()) {
 		deleteMFA()
-		return "", firstApiError(err, e.BadRequestError("Invalid or expired MFA session.", err))
+		return "", e.BadRequestError("Invalid or expired MFA session.", err)
 	}
 
 	if mfa.RecordRef() != authRecord.Id || mfa.CollectionRef() != authRecord.Collection().Id {
@@ -366,12 +384,18 @@ func expandFetch(app core.App, originalRequestInfo *core.RequestInfo) core.Expan
 
 			if *relCollection.ViewRule != "" {
 				resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(app, relCollection, requestInfoPtr, true)
+
 				expr, err := search.FilterData(*(relCollection.ViewRule)).BuildExpr(resolver)
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-				resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+
 				q.AndWhere(expr)
+
+				err = resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
 			}
 
 			return nil
@@ -444,18 +468,24 @@ func autoResolveRecordsFlags(app core.App, records []*core.Record, requestInfo *
 	managedIds := []string{}
 
 	query := app.RecordQuery(collection).
-		Select(app.DB().QuoteSimpleColumnName(collection.Name) + ".id").
-		AndWhere(dbx.In(app.DB().QuoteSimpleColumnName(collection.Name)+".id", recordIds...))
+		Select(app.ConcurrentDB().QuoteSimpleColumnName(collection.Name) + ".id").
+		AndWhere(dbx.In(app.ConcurrentDB().QuoteSimpleColumnName(collection.Name)+".id", recordIds...))
 
 	resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(app, collection, requestInfo, true)
 	expr, err := search.FilterData(*collection.ManageRule).BuildExpr(resolver)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	resolver.UpdateQuery(query)
+
 	query.AndWhere(expr)
 
-	if err := query.Column(&managedIds); err != nil {
+	err = resolver.UpdateQuery(query)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = query.Column(&managedIds)
+	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	// ---
@@ -470,40 +500,6 @@ func autoResolveRecordsFlags(app core.App, records []*core.Record, requestInfo *
 	return nil
 }
 
-// hasAuthManageAccess checks whether the client is allowed to have
-// [forms.RecordUpsert] auth management permissions
-// (e.g. allowing to change system auth fields without oldPassword).
-func hasAuthManageAccess(app core.App, requestInfo *core.RequestInfo, record *core.Record) bool {
-	if !record.Collection().IsAuth() {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	manageRule := record.Collection().ManageRule
-
-	if manageRule == nil || *manageRule == "" {
-		return false // only for superusers (manageRule can't be empty)
-	}
-
-	if requestInfo == nil || requestInfo.Auth == nil {
-		return false // no auth record
-	}
-
-	ruleFunc := func(q *dbx.SelectQuery) error {
-		resolver := core.NewRecordFieldResolver(app, record.Collection(), requestInfo, true)
-		expr, err := search.FilterData(*manageRule).BuildExpr(resolver)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		resolver.UpdateQuery(q)
-		q.AndWhere(expr)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	_, findErr := app.FindRecordById(record.Collection().Id, record.Id, ruleFunc)
-
-	return findErr == nil
-}
-
 var ruleQueryParams = []string{search.FilterQueryParam, search.SortQueryParam}
 var superuserOnlyRuleFields = []string{"@collection.", "@request."}
 
@@ -558,18 +554,43 @@ func firstApiError(errs ...error) *router.ApiError {
 	return router.NewInternalServerError("", errors.Join(errs...))
 }
 
+// execAfterSuccessTx ensures that fn is executed only after a succesul transaction.
+//
+// If the current app instance is not a transactional or checkTx is false,
+// then fn is directly executed.
+//
+// It could be usually used to allow propagating an error or writing
+// custom response from within the wrapped transaction block.
+func execAfterSuccessTx(checkTx bool, app core.App, fn func() error) error {
+	if txInfo := app.TxInfo(); txInfo != nil && checkTx {
+		txInfo.OnComplete(func(txErr error) error {
+			if txErr == nil {
+				return fn()
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return fn()
+}
+
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 const maxAuthOrigins = 5
 
 func authAlert(e *core.RequestEvent, authRecord *core.Record) error {
-	// generating fingerprint
+	// generate fingerprint
 	// ---
+	ip := e.RealIP()
+
 	userAgent := e.Request.UserAgent()
-	if len(userAgent) > 300 {
-		userAgent = userAgent[:300]
+	if len(userAgent) > 200 {
+		userAgent = userAgent[:200] + "..."
 	}
-	fingerprint := security.MD5(e.RealIP() + userAgent)
+
+	fingerprint := security.MD5(ip + userAgent)
+	alertInfo := fmt.Sprintf("%s - %s %s", types.NowDateTime().String(), ip, userAgent)
 	// ---
 
 	origins, err := e.App.FindAllAuthOriginsByRecord(authRecord)
@@ -594,8 +615,28 @@ func authAlert(e *core.RequestEvent, authRecord *core.Record) error {
 	}
 
 	// send email alert for the new origin auth (skip first login)
+	//
+	// Note: The "fake" timeout is a temp solution to avoid blocking
+	//       for too long when the SMTP server is not accessible, due
+	//       to the lack of context cancellation support in the underlying
+	//       mailer and net/smtp package.
+	//       The goroutine technically "leaks" but we assume that the OS will
+	//       terminate the connection after some time (usually after 3-4 mins).
 	if !isFirstLogin && currentOrigin.IsNew() && authRecord.Email() != "" {
-		if err := mails.SendRecordAuthAlert(e.App, authRecord); err != nil {
+		mailSent := make(chan error, 1)
+
+		timer := time.AfterFunc(15*time.Second, func() {
+			mailSent <- errors.New("auth alert mail send wait timeout reached")
+		})
+
+		routine.FireAndForget(func() {
+			err := mails.SendRecordAuthAlert(e.App, authRecord, alertInfo)
+			timer.Stop()
+			mailSent <- err
+		})
+
+		err = <-mailSent
+		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}

apis/record_helpers_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package apis_test
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"strings"
@@ -584,8 +585,8 @@ func TestRecordAuthResponseMFACheck(t *testing.T) {
 		user.Collection().MFA.Rule = "1=1"
 
 		err = apis.RecordAuthResponse(event, user, "example", nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Expected nil, got error: %v", err)
+		if !errors.Is(err, apis.ErrMFA) {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected ErrMFA, got: %v", err)
 		}
 
 		body := rec.Body.String()
@@ -602,8 +603,8 @@ func TestRecordAuthResponseMFACheck(t *testing.T) {
 		resetMFAs(user)
 
 		err = apis.RecordAuthResponse(event, user, "example", nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Expected nil, got error: %v", err)
+		if !errors.Is(err, apis.ErrMFA) {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected ErrMFA, got: %v", err)
 		}
 
 		body := rec.Body.String()

apis/serve.go

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/hook"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/list"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/routine"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/ui"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/acme"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/acme/autocert"
@@ -27,11 +27,6 @@ type ServeConfig struct {
 	// ShowStartBanner indicates whether to show or hide the server start console message.
 	ShowStartBanner bool
 
-	// DashboardPath specifies the route path to the superusers dashboard (default to "_").
-	//
-	// Currently it is limited to a single path segment (this is because the UI is not extendable at the moment).
-	DashboardPath string
-
 	// HttpAddr is the TCP address to listen for the HTTP server (eg. "127.0.0.1:80").
 	HttpAddr string
 
@@ -66,15 +61,6 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 		config.AllowedOrigins = []string{"*"}
 	}
 
-	if config.DashboardPath == "" {
-		config.DashboardPath = "_"
-	} else {
-		config.DashboardPath = strings.Trim(config.DashboardPath, "/")
-		if strings.Contains(config.DashboardPath, "/") {
-			return errors.New("the dashboard path must be single path segment: _, admin, etc.")
-		}
-	}
-
 	// ensure that the latest migrations are applied before starting the server
 	err := app.RunAllMigrations()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -86,17 +72,23 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	pbRouter.Bind(CORSWithConfig(CORSConfig{
+	pbRouter.Bind(CORS(CORSConfig{
 		AllowOrigins: config.AllowedOrigins,
 		AllowMethods: []string{http.MethodGet, http.MethodHead, http.MethodPut, http.MethodPatch, http.MethodPost, http.MethodDelete},
 	}))
 
-	pbRouter.GET("/"+config.DashboardPath+"/{path...}", Static(ui.DistDirFS, false)).
+	pbRouter.GET("/_/{path...}", Static(ui.DistDirFS, false)).
 		BindFunc(func(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
-			// ingore root path
+			// ignore root path
 			if e.Request.PathValue(StaticWildcardParam) != "" {
 				e.Response.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "max-age=1209600, stale-while-revalidate=86400")
 			}
+
+			// add a default CSP
+			if e.Response.Header().Get("Content-Security-Policy") == "" {
+				e.Response.Header().Set("Content-Security-Policy", "default-src 'self'; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; img-src 'self' http://127.0.0.1:* https://tile.openstreetmap.org data: blob:; connect-src 'self' http://127.0.0.1:* https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org; script-src 'self' 'sha256-GRUzBA7PzKYug7pqxv5rJaec5bwDCw1Vo6/IXwvD3Tc='")
+			}
+
 			return e.Next()
 		}).
 		Bind(Gzip())
@@ -151,9 +143,9 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 			NextProtos:     []string{acme.ALPNProto},
 		},
 		// higher defaults to accommodate large file uploads/downloads
-		WriteTimeout:      3 * time.Minute,
-		ReadTimeout:       3 * time.Minute,
-		ReadHeaderTimeout: 30 * time.Second,
+		WriteTimeout:      5 * time.Minute,
+		ReadTimeout:       5 * time.Minute,
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: 1 * time.Minute,
 		Addr:              mainAddr,
 		BaseContext: func(l net.Listener) context.Context {
 			return baseCtx
@@ -161,12 +153,6 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 		ErrorLog: log.New(&serverErrorLogWriter{app: app}, "", 0),
 	}
 
-	serveEvent := new(core.ServeEvent)
-	serveEvent.App = app
-	serveEvent.Router = pbRouter
-	serveEvent.Server = server
-	serveEvent.CertManager = certManager
-
 	var listener net.Listener
 
 	// graceful shutdown
@@ -212,6 +198,15 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 	}()
 	// ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
+	var baseURL string
+
+	serveEvent := new(core.ServeEvent)
+	serveEvent.App = app
+	serveEvent.Router = pbRouter
+	serveEvent.Server = server
+	serveEvent.CertManager = certManager
+	serveEvent.InstallerFunc = DefaultInstallerFunc
+
 	// trigger the OnServe hook and start the tcp listener
 	serveHookErr := app.OnServe().Trigger(serveEvent, func(e *core.ServeEvent) error {
 		handler, err := e.Router.BuildMux()
@@ -221,10 +216,20 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 
 		e.Server.Handler = handler
 
-		addr := e.Server.Addr
+		if config.HttpsAddr == "" {
+			baseURL = "http://" + serverAddrToHost(serveEvent.Server.Addr)
+		} else {
+			baseURL = "https://"
+			if len(config.CertificateDomains) > 0 {
+				baseURL += config.CertificateDomains[0]
+			} else {
+				baseURL += serverAddrToHost(serveEvent.Server.Addr)
+			}
+		}
 
-		// fallback similar to the std Server.ListenAndServe/ListenAndServeTLS
+		addr := e.Server.Addr
 		if addr == "" {
+			// fallback similar to the std Server.ListenAndServe/ListenAndServeTLS
 			if config.HttpsAddr != "" {
 				addr = ":https"
 			} else {
@@ -232,31 +237,36 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 			}
 		}
 
-		var lnErr error
+		if e.Listener == nil {
+			listener, err = net.Listen("tcp", addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		} else {
+			listener = e.Listener
+		}
 
-		listener, lnErr = net.Listen("tcp", addr)
+		if e.InstallerFunc != nil {
+			app := e.App
+			installerFunc := e.InstallerFunc
+			routine.FireAndForget(func() {
+				if err := loadInstaller(app, baseURL, installerFunc); err != nil {
+					app.Logger().Warn("Failed to initialize installer", "error", err)
+				}
+			})
+		}
 
-		return lnErr
+		return nil
 	})
 	if serveHookErr != nil {
 		return serveHookErr
 	}
 
 	if listener == nil {
-		return errors.New("The OnServe finalizer wasn't invoked. Did you forget to call the ServeEvent.Next() method?")
+		//nolint:staticcheck
+		return errors.New("The OnServe listener was not initialized. Did you forget to call the ServeEvent.Next() method?")
 	}
 
-	schema := "http"
-	addr := server.Addr
-	if config.HttpsAddr != "" {
-		schema = "https"
-		if len(config.CertificateDomains) > 0 {
-			addr = config.CertificateDomains[0]
-		}
-	}
-	baseURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s", schema, addr)
-	dashboardURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", baseURL, config.DashboardPath)
-
 	if config.ShowStartBanner {
 		date := new(strings.Builder)
 		log.New(date, "", log.LstdFlags).Print()
@@ -270,16 +280,9 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 
 		regular := color.New()
 		regular.Printf("├─ REST API:  %s\n", color.CyanString("%s/api/", baseURL))
-		regular.Printf("└─ Dashboard: %s\n", color.CyanString("%s/", dashboardURL))
+		regular.Printf("└─ Dashboard: %s\n", color.CyanString("%s/_/", baseURL))
 	}
 
-	go func() {
-		installerErr := loadInstaller(app, dashboardURL)
-		if installerErr != nil {
-			app.Logger().Warn("Failed to initialize installer", "error", installerErr)
-		}
-	}()
-
 	var serveErr error
 	if config.HttpsAddr != "" {
 		if config.HttpAddr != "" {
@@ -288,10 +291,10 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 		}
 
 		// start HTTPS server
-		serveErr = server.ServeTLS(listener, "", "")
+		serveErr = serveEvent.Server.ServeTLS(listener, "", "")
 	} else {
 		// OR start HTTP server
-		serveErr = server.Serve(listener)
+		serveErr = serveEvent.Server.Serve(listener)
 	}
 	if serveErr != nil && !errors.Is(serveErr, http.ErrServerClosed) {
 		return serveErr
@@ -300,6 +303,14 @@ func Serve(app core.App, config ServeConfig) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// serverAddrToHost loosely converts http.Server.Addr string into a host to print.
+func serverAddrToHost(addr string) string {
+	if addr == "" || strings.HasSuffix(addr, ":http") || strings.HasSuffix(addr, ":https") {
+		return "127.0.0.1"
+	}
+	return addr
+}
+
 type serverErrorLogWriter struct {
 	app core.App
 }

apis/settings.go

@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ func settingsList(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 	event.Settings = clone
 
 	return e.App.OnSettingsListRequest().Trigger(event, func(e *core.SettingsListRequestEvent) error {
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Settings)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, e.Settings)
+		})
 	})
 }
 
@@ -65,7 +67,9 @@ func settingsSet(e *core.RequestEvent) error {
 			return e.InternalServerError("Failed to clone app settings.", err)
 		}
 
-		return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, appSettings)
+		return execAfterSuccessTx(true, e.App, func() error {
+			return e.JSON(http.StatusOK, appSettings)
+		})
 	})
 }
 

apis/settings_test.go

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tests"
 )
 
@@ -58,6 +59,32 @@ func TestSettingsList(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnSettingsListRequest": 1,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnSettingsListRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodGet,
+			URL:    "/api/settings",
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnSettingsListRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.SettingsListRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnSettingsListRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, scenario := range scenarios {
@@ -176,6 +203,33 @@ func TestSettingsSet(t *testing.T) {
 				"OnSettingsReload":          1,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name:   "OnSettingsUpdateRequest tx body write check",
+			Method: http.MethodPatch,
+			URL:    "/api/settings",
+			Body:   strings.NewReader(validData),
+			Headers: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJpZCI6InN5d2JoZWNuaDQ2cmhtMCIsInR5cGUiOiJhdXRoIiwiY29sbGVjdGlvbklkIjoicGJjXzMxNDI2MzU4MjMiLCJleHAiOjI1MjQ2MDQ0NjEsInJlZnJlc2hhYmxlIjp0cnVlfQ.UXgO3j-0BumcugrFjbd7j0M4MQvbrLggLlcu_YNGjoY",
+			},
+			BeforeTestFunc: func(t testing.TB, app *tests.TestApp, e *core.ServeEvent) {
+				app.OnSettingsUpdateRequest().BindFunc(func(e *core.SettingsUpdateRequestEvent) error {
+					original := e.App
+					return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+						e.App = txApp
+						defer func() { e.App = original }()
+
+						if err := e.Next(); err != nil {
+							return err
+						}
+
+						return e.BadRequestError("TX_ERROR", nil)
+					})
+				})
+			},
+			ExpectedStatus:  400,
+			ExpectedEvents:  map[string]int{"OnSettingsUpdateRequest": 1},
+			ExpectedContent: []string{"TX_ERROR"},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, scenario := range scenarios {

cmd/serve.go

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ func NewServeCommand(app core.App, showStartBanner bool) *cobra.Command {
 	var allowedOrigins []string
 	var httpAddr string
 	var httpsAddr string
-	var dashboardPath string
 
 	command := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "serve [domain(s)]",
@@ -40,7 +39,6 @@ func NewServeCommand(app core.App, showStartBanner bool) *cobra.Command {
 			err := apis.Serve(app, apis.ServeConfig{
 				HttpAddr:           httpAddr,
 				HttpsAddr:          httpsAddr,
-				DashboardPath:      dashboardPath,
 				ShowStartBanner:    showStartBanner,
 				AllowedOrigins:     allowedOrigins,
 				CertificateDomains: args,
@@ -75,12 +73,5 @@ func NewServeCommand(app core.App, showStartBanner bool) *cobra.Command {
 		"TCP address to listen for the HTTPS server\n(if domain args are specified - default to 0.0.0.0:443, otherwise - default to empty string, aka. no TLS)\nThe incoming HTTP traffic also will be auto redirected to the HTTPS version",
 	)
 
-	command.PersistentFlags().StringVar(
-		&dashboardPath,
-		"dashboard",
-		"_",
-		"The route path to the superusers dashboard (currently limited to a single path segment)",
-	)
-
 	return command
 }

cmd/superuser.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/fatih/color"
 	"github.com/go-ozzo/ozzo-validation/v4/is"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/security"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
@@ -15,13 +16,14 @@ import (
 func NewSuperuserCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
 	command := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "superuser",
-		Short: "Manages superuser accounts",
+		Short: "Manage superusers",
 	}
 
 	command.AddCommand(superuserUpsertCommand(app))
 	command.AddCommand(superuserCreateCommand(app))
 	command.AddCommand(superuserUpdateCommand(app))
 	command.AddCommand(superuserDeleteCommand(app))
+	command.AddCommand(superuserOTPCommand(app))
 
 	return command
 }
@@ -30,20 +32,20 @@ func superuserUpsertCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
 	command := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "upsert",
 		Example:      "superuser upsert test@example.com 1234567890",
-		Short:        "Creates, or updates if email exists, a single superuser account",
+		Short:        "Creates, or updates if email exists, a single superuser",
 		SilenceUsage: true,
 		RunE: func(command *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			if len(args) != 2 {
-				return errors.New("Missing email and password arguments.")
+				return errors.New("missing email and password arguments")
 			}
 
 			if args[0] == "" || is.EmailFormat.Validate(args[0]) != nil {
-				return errors.New("Missing or invalid email address.")
+				return errors.New("missing or invalid email address")
 			}
 
 			superusersCol, err := app.FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(core.CollectionNameSuperusers)
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("Failed to fetch %q collection: %w.", core.CollectionNameSuperusers, err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch %q collection: %w", core.CollectionNameSuperusers, err)
 			}
 
 			superuser, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail(superusersCol, args[0])
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ func superuserUpsertCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
 			superuser.SetPassword(args[1])
 
 			if err := app.Save(superuser); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("Failed to upsert superuser account: %w.", err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to upsert superuser account: %w", err)
 			}
 
 			color.Green("Successfully saved superuser %q!", superuser.Email())
@@ -70,20 +72,20 @@ func superuserCreateCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
 	command := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "create",
 		Example:      "superuser create test@example.com 1234567890",
-		Short:        "Creates a new superuser account",
+		Short:        "Creates a new superuser",
 		SilenceUsage: true,
 		RunE: func(command *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			if len(args) != 2 {
-				return errors.New("Missing email and password arguments.")
+				return errors.New("missing email and password arguments")
 			}
 
 			if args[0] == "" || is.EmailFormat.Validate(args[0]) != nil {
-				return errors.New("Missing or invalid email address.")
+				return errors.New("missing or invalid email address")
 			}
 
 			superusersCol, err := app.FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(core.CollectionNameSuperusers)
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("Failed to fetch %q collection: %w.", core.CollectionNameSuperusers, err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch %q collection: %w", core.CollectionNameSuperusers, err)
 			}
 
 			superuser := core.NewRecord(superusersCol)
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ func superuserCreateCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
 			superuser.SetPassword(args[1])
 
 			if err := app.Save(superuser); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("Failed to create new superuser account: %w.", err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to create new superuser account: %w", err)
 			}
 
 			color.Green("Successfully created new superuser %q!", superuser.Email())
@@ -106,26 +108,26 @@ func superuserUpdateCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
 	command := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "update",
 		Example:      "superuser update test@example.com 1234567890",
-		Short:        "Changes the password of a single superuser account",
+		Short:        "Changes the password of a single superuser",
 		SilenceUsage: true,
 		RunE: func(command *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			if len(args) != 2 {
-				return errors.New("Missing email and password arguments.")
+				return errors.New("missing email and password arguments")
 			}
 
 			if args[0] == "" || is.EmailFormat.Validate(args[0]) != nil {
-				return errors.New("Missing or invalid email address.")
+				return errors.New("missing or invalid email address")
 			}
 
 			superuser, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail(core.CollectionNameSuperusers, args[0])
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("Superuser with email %q doesn't exist.", args[0])
+				return fmt.Errorf("superuser with email %q doesn't exist", args[0])
 			}
 
 			superuser.SetPassword(args[1])
 
 			if err := app.Save(superuser); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("Failed to change superuser %q password: %w.", superuser.Email(), err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to change superuser %q password: %w", superuser.Email(), err)
 			}
 
 			color.Green("Successfully changed superuser %q password!", superuser.Email())
@@ -140,21 +142,21 @@ func superuserDeleteCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
 	command := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "delete",
 		Example:      "superuser delete test@example.com",
-		Short:        "Deletes an existing superuser account",
+		Short:        "Deletes an existing superuser",
 		SilenceUsage: true,
 		RunE: func(command *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			if len(args) == 0 || args[0] == "" || is.EmailFormat.Validate(args[0]) != nil {
-				return errors.New("Invalid or missing email address.")
+				return errors.New("invalid or missing email address")
 			}
 
 			superuser, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail(core.CollectionNameSuperusers, args[0])
 			if err != nil {
-				color.Yellow("Superuser %q is missing or already deleted.", args[0])
+				color.Yellow("superuser %q is missing or already deleted", args[0])
 				return nil
 			}
 
 			if err := app.Delete(superuser); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("Failed to delete superuser %q: %w.", superuser.Email(), err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete superuser %q: %w", superuser.Email(), err)
 			}
 
 			color.Green("Successfully deleted superuser %q!", superuser.Email())
@@ -164,3 +166,46 @@ func superuserDeleteCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
 
 	return command
 }
+
+func superuserOTPCommand(app core.App) *cobra.Command {
+	command := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:          "otp",
+		Example:      "superuser otp test@example.com",
+		Short:        "Creates a new OTP for the specified superuser",
+		SilenceUsage: true,
+		RunE: func(command *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			if len(args) == 0 || args[0] == "" || is.EmailFormat.Validate(args[0]) != nil {
+				return errors.New("invalid or missing email address")
+			}
+
+			superuser, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail(core.CollectionNameSuperusers, args[0])
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("superuser with email %q doesn't exist", args[0])
+			}
+
+			if !superuser.Collection().OTP.Enabled {
+				return errors.New("OTP auth is not enabled for the _superusers collection")
+			}
+
+			pass := security.RandomStringWithAlphabet(superuser.Collection().OTP.Length, "1234567890")
+
+			otp := core.NewOTP(app)
+			otp.SetCollectionRef(superuser.Collection().Id)
+			otp.SetRecordRef(superuser.Id)
+			otp.SetPassword(pass)
+
+			err = app.Save(otp)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to create OTP: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			color.New(color.BgGreen, color.FgBlack).Printf("Successfully created OTP for superuser %q:", superuser.Email())
+			color.Green("\n├─ Id:    %s", otp.Id)
+			color.Green("├─ Pass:  %s", pass)
+			color.Green("└─ Valid: %ds\n\n", superuser.Collection().OTP.Duration)
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	return command
+}

cmd/superuser_test.go

@@ -308,3 +308,96 @@ func TestSuperuserDeleteCommand(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSuperuserOTPCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	superusersCollection, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId(core.CollectionNameSuperusers)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// remove all existing otps
+	otps, err := app.FindAllOTPsByCollection(superusersCollection)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, otp := range otps {
+		err = app.Delete(otp)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	scenarios := []struct {
+		name        string
+		email       string
+		enabled     bool
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			"empty email",
+			"",
+			true,
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			"invalid email",
+			"invalid",
+			true,
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			"nonexisting superuser",
+			"test_missing@example.com",
+			true,
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			"existing superuser",
+			"test@example.com",
+			true,
+			false,
+		},
+		{
+			"existing superuser with disabled OTP",
+			"test@example.com",
+			false,
+			true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, s := range scenarios {
+		t.Run(s.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			command := cmd.NewSuperuserCommand(app)
+			command.SetArgs([]string{"otp", s.email})
+
+			superusersCollection.OTP.Enabled = s.enabled
+			if err = app.SaveNoValidate(superusersCollection); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			err := command.Execute()
+
+			hasErr := err != nil
+			if s.expectError != hasErr {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected hasErr %v, got %v (%v)", s.expectError, hasErr, err)
+			}
+
+			if hasErr {
+				return
+			}
+
+			superuser, err := app.FindAuthRecordByEmail(superusersCollection, s.email)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			otps, _ := app.FindAllOTPsByRecord(superuser)
+			if total := len(otps); total != 1 {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected 1 OTP, got %d", total)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

core/app.go

@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ type App interface {
 	// IsTransactional checks if the current app instance is part of a transaction.
 	IsTransactional() bool
 
+	// TxInfo returns the transaction associated with the current app instance (if any).
+	//
+	// Could be used if you want to execute indirectly a function after
+	// the related app transaction completes using `app.TxInfo().OnAfterFunc(callback)`.
+	TxInfo() *TxAppInfo
+
 	// Bootstrap initializes the application
 	// (aka. create data dir, open db connections, load settings, etc.).
 	//
@@ -71,7 +77,7 @@ type App interface {
 	Settings() *Settings
 
 	// Store returns the app runtime store.
-	Store() *store.Store[any]
+	Store() *store.Store[string, any]
 
 	// Cron returns the app cron instance.
 	Cron() *cron.Cron
@@ -91,7 +97,7 @@ type App interface {
 	// after you are done working with it.
 	NewFilesystem() (*filesystem.System, error)
 
-	// NewFilesystem creates a new local or S3 filesystem instance
+	// NewBackupsFilesystem creates a new local or S3 filesystem instance
 	// for managing app backups based on the current app settings.
 	//
 	// NB! Make sure to call Close() on the returned result
@@ -140,46 +146,82 @@ type App interface {
 	// DB methods
 	// ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
-	// DB returns the default app data db instance (pb_data/data.db).
+	// DB returns the default app data.db builder instance.
+	//
+	// To minimize SQLITE_BUSY errors, it automatically routes the
+	// SELECT queries to the underlying concurrent db pool and everything else
+	// to the nonconcurrent one.
+	//
+	// For more finer control over the used connections pools you can
+	// call directly ConcurrentDB() or NonconcurrentDB().
 	DB() dbx.Builder
 
-	// NonconcurrentDB returns the nonconcurrent app data db instance (pb_data/data.db).
+	// ConcurrentDB returns the concurrent app data.db builder instance.
+	//
+	// This method is used mainly internally for executing db read
+	// operations in a concurrent/non-blocking manner.
+	//
+	// Most users should use simply DB() as it will automatically
+	// route the query execution to ConcurrentDB() or NonconcurrentDB().
+	//
+	// In a transaction the ConcurrentDB() and NonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
+	ConcurrentDB() dbx.Builder
+
+	// NonconcurrentDB returns the nonconcurrent app data.db builder instance.
 	//
 	// The returned db instance is limited only to a single open connection,
-	// meaning that it can process only 1 db operation at a time (other operations will be queued up).
+	// meaning that it can process only 1 db operation at a time (other queries queue up).
 	//
 	// This method is used mainly internally and in the tests to execute write
 	// (save/delete) db operations as it helps with minimizing the SQLITE_BUSY errors.
 	//
-	// For the majority of cases you would want to use the regular DB() method
-	// since it allows concurrent db read operations.
+	// Most users should use simply DB() as it will automatically
+	// route the query execution to ConcurrentDB() or NonconcurrentDB().
 	//
 	// In a transaction the ConcurrentDB() and NonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
 	NonconcurrentDB() dbx.Builder
 
-	// AuxDB returns the default app auxiliary db instance (pb_data/auxiliary.db).
+	// AuxDB returns the app auxiliary.db builder instance.
+	//
+	// To minimize SQLITE_BUSY errors, it automatically routes the
+	// SELECT queries to the underlying concurrent db pool and everything else
+	// to the nonconcurrent one.
+	//
+	// For more finer control over the used connections pools you can
+	// call directly AuxConcurrentDB() or AuxNonconcurrentDB().
 	AuxDB() dbx.Builder
 
-	// AuxNonconcurrentDB returns the nonconcurrent app auxiliary db instance (pb_data/auxiliary.db)..
+	// AuxConcurrentDB returns the concurrent app auxiliary.db builder instance.
+	//
+	// This method is used mainly internally for executing db read
+	// operations in a concurrent/non-blocking manner.
+	//
+	// Most users should use simply AuxDB() as it will automatically
+	// route the query execution to AuxConcurrentDB() or AuxNonconcurrentDB().
+	//
+	// In a transaction the AuxConcurrentDB() and AuxNonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
+	AuxConcurrentDB() dbx.Builder
+
+	// AuxNonconcurrentDB returns the nonconcurrent app auxiliary.db builder instance.
 	//
 	// The returned db instance is limited only to a single open connection,
-	// meaning that it can process only 1 db operation at a time (other operations will be queued up).
+	// meaning that it can process only 1 db operation at a time (other queries queue up).
 	//
 	// This method is used mainly internally and in the tests to execute write
 	// (save/delete) db operations as it helps with minimizing the SQLITE_BUSY errors.
 	//
-	// For the majority of cases you would want to use the regular DB() method
-	// since it allows concurrent db read operations.
+	// Most users should use simply AuxDB() as it will automatically
+	// route the query execution to AuxConcurrentDB() or AuxNonconcurrentDB().
 	//
-	// In a transaction the AuxNonconcurrentDB() and AuxNonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
+	// In a transaction the AuxConcurrentDB() and AuxNonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
 	AuxNonconcurrentDB() dbx.Builder
 
 	// HasTable checks if a table (or view) with the provided name exists (case insensitive).
-	// in the current app.DB() instance.
+	// in the data.db.
 	HasTable(tableName string) bool
 
 	// AuxHasTable checks if a table (or view) with the provided name exists (case insensitive)
-	// in the current app.AuxDB() instance.
+	// in the auxiliary.db.
 	AuxHasTable(tableName string) bool
 
 	// TableColumns returns all column names of a single table by its name.
@@ -225,21 +267,19 @@ type App interface {
 	// FindRecordByViewFile returns the original Record of the provided view collection file.
 	FindRecordByViewFile(viewCollectionModelOrIdentifier any, fileFieldName string, filename string) (*Record, error)
 
-	// Vacuum executes VACUUM on the current app.DB() instance
-	// in order to reclaim unused data db disk space.
+	// Vacuum executes VACUUM on the data.db in order to reclaim unused data db disk space.
 	Vacuum() error
 
-	// AuxVacuum executes VACUUM on the current app.AuxDB() instance
-	// in order to reclaim unused auxiliary db disk space.
+	// AuxVacuum executes VACUUM on the auxiliary.db in order to reclaim unused auxiliary db disk space.
 	AuxVacuum() error
 
 	// ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
-	// ModelQuery creates a new preconfigured select app.DB() query with preset
+	// ModelQuery creates a new preconfigured select data.db query with preset
 	// SELECT, FROM and other common fields based on the provided model.
 	ModelQuery(model Model) *dbx.SelectQuery
 
-	// AuxModelQuery creates a new preconfigured select app.AuxDB() query with preset
+	// AuxModelQuery creates a new preconfigured select auxiliary.db query with preset
 	// SELECT, FROM and other common fields based on the provided model.
 	AuxModelQuery(model Model) *dbx.SelectQuery
 
@@ -323,10 +363,10 @@ type App interface {
 	// FindLogById finds a single Log entry by its id.
 	FindLogById(id string) (*Log, error)
 
-	// LogsStatsItem defines the total number of logs for a specific time period.
+	// LogsStatsItem returns hourly grouped logs statistics.
 	LogsStats(expr dbx.Expression) ([]*LogsStatsItem, error)
 
-	// DeleteOldLogs delete all requests that are created before createdBefore.
+	// DeleteOldLogs delete all logs that are created before createdBefore.
 	DeleteOldLogs(createdBefore time.Time) error
 
 	// ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -369,16 +409,9 @@ type App interface {
 	//   - If you are updating a Collection in a transaction and then call this method before commit,
 	//     it'll return the cached Collection state and not the one from the uncommitted transaction.
 	//   - The cache is automatically updated on collections db change (create/update/delete).
-	//     To manually reload the cache you can call [App.ReloadCachedCollections()]
+	//     To manually reload the cache you can call [App.ReloadCachedCollections]
 	FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(nameOrId string) (*Collection, error)
 
-	// IsCollectionNameUnique checks that there is no existing collection
-	// with the provided name (case insensitive!).
-	//
-	// Note: case insensitive check because the name is used also as
-	// table name for the records.
-	IsCollectionNameUnique(name string, excludeIds ...string) bool
-
 	// FindCollectionReferences returns information for all relation
 	// fields referencing the provided collection.
 	//
@@ -387,6 +420,32 @@ type App interface {
 	// as the excludeIds argument.
 	FindCollectionReferences(collection *Collection, excludeIds ...string) (map[*Collection][]Field, error)
 
+	// FindCachedCollectionReferences is similar to [App.FindCollectionReferences]
+	// but retrieves the Collection from the app cache instead of making a db call.
+	//
+	// NB! This method is suitable for read-only Collection operations.
+	//
+	// If you plan making changes to the returned Collection model,
+	// use [App.FindCollectionReferences] instead.
+	//
+	// Caveats:
+	//
+	//   - The returned Collection should be used only for read-only operations.
+	//     Avoid directly modifying the returned cached Collection as it will affect
+	//     the global cached value even if you don't persist the changes in the database!
+	//   - If you are updating a Collection in a transaction and then call this method before commit,
+	//     it'll return the cached Collection state and not the one from the uncommitted transaction.
+	//   - The cache is automatically updated on collections db change (create/update/delete).
+	//     To manually reload the cache you can call [App.ReloadCachedCollections].
+	FindCachedCollectionReferences(collection *Collection, excludeIds ...string) (map[*Collection][]Field, error)
+
+	// IsCollectionNameUnique checks that there is no existing collection
+	// with the provided name (case insensitive!).
+	//
+	// Note: case insensitive check because the name is used also as
+	// table name for the records.
+	IsCollectionNameUnique(name string, excludeIds ...string) bool
+
 	// TruncateCollection deletes all records associated with the provided collection.
 	//
 	// The truncate operation is executed in a single transaction,
@@ -1136,7 +1195,7 @@ type App interface {
 	// ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	// OnMailerSend hook is triggered every time when a new email is
-	// being send using the [App.NewMailClient()] instance.
+	// being sent using the [App.NewMailClient()] instance.
 	//
 	// It allows intercepting the email message or to use a custom mailer client.
 	OnMailerSend() *hook.Hook[*MailerEvent]
@@ -1361,6 +1420,9 @@ type App interface {
 	// OnRecordRequestOTPRequest hook is triggered on each Record
 	// request OTP API request.
 	//
+	// [RecordCreateOTPRequestEvent.Record] could be nil if no matching identity is found, allowing
+	// you to manually create or locate a different Record model (by reassigning [RecordCreateOTPRequestEvent.Record]).
+	//
 	// If the optional "tags" list (Collection ids or names) is specified,
 	// then all event handlers registered via the created hook will be
 	// triggered and called only if their event data origin matches the tags.

core/base.go

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import (
 	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
-	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/fatih/color"
@@ -26,6 +25,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/store"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/subscriptions"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/types"
+	"github.com/spf13/cast"
+	"golang.org/x/sync/semaphore"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ const (
 	LocalBackupsDirName       string = "backups"
 	LocalTempDirName          string = ".pb_temp_to_delete" // temp pb_data sub directory that will be deleted on each app.Bootstrap()
 	LocalAutocertCacheDirName string = ".autocert_cache"
+
+	// @todo consider removing after backups refactoring
+	lostFoundDirName string = "lost+found"
 )
 
 // FilesManager defines an interface with common methods that files manager models should implement.
@@ -69,8 +73,8 @@ var _ App = (*BaseApp)(nil)
 // BaseApp implements core.App and defines the base PocketBase app structure.
 type BaseApp struct {
 	config              *BaseAppConfig
-	txInfo              *txAppInfo
-	store               *store.Store[any]
+	txInfo              *TxAppInfo
+	store               *store.Store[string, any]
 	cron                *cron.Cron
 	settings            *Settings
 	subscriptionsBroker *subscriptions.Broker
@@ -194,7 +198,7 @@ type BaseApp struct {
 func NewBaseApp(config BaseAppConfig) *BaseApp {
 	app := &BaseApp{
 		settings:            newDefaultSettings(),
-		store:               store.New[any](nil),
+		store:               store.New[string, any](nil),
 		cron:                cron.New(),
 		subscriptionsBroker: subscriptions.NewBroker(),
 		config:              &config,
@@ -340,8 +344,6 @@ func (app *BaseApp) initHooks() {
 // NB! Note that using the returned app instance may cause data integrity errors
 // since the Record validations and data normalizations (including files uploads)
 // rely on the app hooks to work.
-//
-// @todo consider caching the created instance?
 func (app *BaseApp) UnsafeWithoutHooks() App {
 	clone := *app
 
@@ -362,9 +364,17 @@ func (app *BaseApp) Logger() *slog.Logger {
 	return app.logger
 }
 
+// TxInfo returns the transaction associated with the current app instance (if any).
+//
+// Could be used if you want to execute indirectly a function after
+// the related app transaction completes using `app.TxInfo().OnAfterFunc(callback)`.
+func (app *BaseApp) TxInfo() *TxAppInfo {
+	return app.txInfo
+}
+
 // IsTransactional checks if the current app instance is part of a transaction.
 func (app *BaseApp) IsTransactional() bool {
-	return app.txInfo != nil
+	return app.TxInfo() != nil
 }
 
 // IsBootstrapped checks if the application was initialized
@@ -468,44 +478,100 @@ func (app *BaseApp) ResetBootstrapState() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// DB returns the default app data db instance (pb_data/data.db).
+// DB returns the default app data.db builder instance.
+//
+// To minimize SQLITE_BUSY errors, it automatically routes the
+// SELECT queries to the underlying concurrent db pool and everything
+// else to the nonconcurrent one.
+//
+// For more finer control over the used connections pools you can
+// call directly ConcurrentDB() or NonconcurrentDB().
 func (app *BaseApp) DB() dbx.Builder {
+	// transactional or both are nil
+	if app.concurrentDB == app.nonconcurrentDB {
+		return app.concurrentDB
+	}
+
+	return &dualDBBuilder{
+		concurrentDB:    app.concurrentDB,
+		nonconcurrentDB: app.nonconcurrentDB,
+	}
+}
+
+// ConcurrentDB returns the concurrent app data.db builder instance.
+//
+// This method is used mainly internally for executing db read
+// operations in a concurrent/non-blocking manner.
+//
+// Most users should use simply DB() as it will automatically
+// route the query execution to ConcurrentDB() or NonconcurrentDB().
+//
+// In a transaction the ConcurrentDB() and NonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
+func (app *BaseApp) ConcurrentDB() dbx.Builder {
 	return app.concurrentDB
 }
 
-// NonconcurrentDB returns the nonconcurrent app data db instance (pb_data/data.db).
+// NonconcurrentDB returns the nonconcurrent app data.db builder instance.
 //
 // The returned db instance is limited only to a single open connection,
-// meaning that it can process only 1 db operation at a time (other operations will be queued up).
+// meaning that it can process only 1 db operation at a time (other queries queue up).
 //
 // This method is used mainly internally and in the tests to execute write
 // (save/delete) db operations as it helps with minimizing the SQLITE_BUSY errors.
 //
-// For the majority of cases you would want to use the regular DB() method
-// since it allows concurrent db read operations.
+// Most users should use simply DB() as it will automatically
+// route the query execution to ConcurrentDB() or NonconcurrentDB().
 //
 // In a transaction the ConcurrentDB() and NonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
 func (app *BaseApp) NonconcurrentDB() dbx.Builder {
 	return app.nonconcurrentDB
 }
 
-// AuxDB returns the default app auxiliary db instance (pb_data/auxiliary.db).
+// AuxDB returns the app auxiliary.db builder instance.
+//
+// To minimize SQLITE_BUSY errors, it automatically routes the
+// SELECT queries to the underlying concurrent db pool and everything
+// else to the nonconcurrent one.
+//
+// For more finer control over the used connections pools you can
+// call directly AuxConcurrentDB() or AuxNonconcurrentDB().
 func (app *BaseApp) AuxDB() dbx.Builder {
+	// transactional or both are nil
+	if app.auxConcurrentDB == app.auxNonconcurrentDB {
+		return app.auxConcurrentDB
+	}
+
+	return &dualDBBuilder{
+		concurrentDB:    app.auxConcurrentDB,
+		nonconcurrentDB: app.auxNonconcurrentDB,
+	}
+}
+
+// AuxConcurrentDB returns the concurrent app auxiliary.db builder instance.
+//
+// This method is used mainly internally for executing db read
+// operations in a concurrent/non-blocking manner.
+//
+// Most users should use simply AuxDB() as it will automatically
+// route the query execution to AuxConcurrentDB() or AuxNonconcurrentDB().
+//
+// In a transaction the AuxConcurrentDB() and AuxNonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
+func (app *BaseApp) AuxConcurrentDB() dbx.Builder {
 	return app.auxConcurrentDB
 }
 
-// AuxNonconcurrentDB returns the nonconcurrent app auxiliary db instance (pb_data/auxiliary.db).
+// AuxNonconcurrentDB returns the nonconcurrent app auxiliary.db builder instance.
 //
 // The returned db instance is limited only to a single open connection,
-// meaning that it can process only 1 db operation at a time (other operations will be queued up).
+// meaning that it can process only 1 db operation at a time (other queries queue up).
 //
 // This method is used mainly internally and in the tests to execute write
 // (save/delete) db operations as it helps with minimizing the SQLITE_BUSY errors.
 //
-// For the majority of cases you would want to use the regular DB() method
-// since it allows concurrent db read operations.
+// Most users should use simply AuxDB() as it will automatically
+// route the query execution to AuxConcurrentDB() or AuxNonconcurrentDB().
 //
-// In a transaction the AuxNonconcurrentDB() and AuxNonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
+// In a transaction the AuxConcurrentDB() and AuxNonconcurrentDB() refer to the same *dbx.TX instance.
 func (app *BaseApp) AuxNonconcurrentDB() dbx.Builder {
 	return app.auxNonconcurrentDB
 }
@@ -534,7 +600,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) Settings() *Settings {
 }
 
 // Store returns the app runtime store.
-func (app *BaseApp) Store() *store.Store[any] {
+func (app *BaseApp) Store() *store.Store[string, any] {
 	return app.store
 }
 
@@ -603,6 +669,14 @@ func (app *BaseApp) NewMailClient() mailer.Mailer {
 							fmt.Fprintf(mailLog, "├─ Attachments: %v\n", attachmentKeys)
 						}
 
+						if len(ae.Message.InlineAttachments) > 0 {
+							attachmentKeys := make([]string, 0, len(ae.Message.InlineAttachments))
+							for k := range ae.Message.InlineAttachments {
+								attachmentKeys = append(attachmentKeys, k)
+							}
+							fmt.Fprintf(mailLog, "├─ InlineAttachments: %v\n", attachmentKeys)
+						}
+
 						const indentation = "        "
 						if ae.Message.Text != "" {
 							textParts := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(ae.Message.Text), "\n")
@@ -653,7 +727,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) NewFilesystem() (*filesystem.System, error) {
 	return filesystem.NewLocal(filepath.Join(app.DataDir(), LocalStorageDirName))
 }
 
-// NewFilesystem creates a new local or S3 filesystem instance
+// NewBackupsFilesystem creates a new local or S3 filesystem instance
 // for managing app backups based on the current app settings.
 //
 // NB! Make sure to call Close() on the returned result
@@ -701,7 +775,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) Restart() error {
 			}
 		}()
 
-		return syscall.Exec(execPath, os.Args, os.Environ())
+		return execve(execPath, os.Args, os.Environ())
 	})
 }
 
@@ -1133,26 +1207,25 @@ func (app *BaseApp) initDataDB() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-var sqlLogReplacements = map[string]string{
-	"{{":    "`",
-	"}}":    "`",
-	"[[":    "`",
-	"]]":    "`",
-	"<nil>": "NULL",
+var sqlLogReplacements = []struct {
+	pattern     *regexp.Regexp
+	replacement string
+}{
+	{regexp.MustCompile(`\[\[([^\[\]\{\}\.]+)\.([^\[\]\{\}\.]+)\]\]`), "`$1`.`$2`"},
+	{regexp.MustCompile(`\{\{([^\[\]\{\}\.]+)\.([^\[\]\{\}\.]+)\}\}`), "`$1`.`$2`"},
+	{regexp.MustCompile(`([^'"])?\{\{`), "$1`"},
+	{regexp.MustCompile(`\}\}([^'"])?`), "`$1"},
+	{regexp.MustCompile(`([^'"])?\[\[`), "$1`"},
+	{regexp.MustCompile(`\]\]([^'"])?`), "`$1"},
+	{regexp.MustCompile(`<nil>`), "NULL"},
 }
-var sqlLogPrefixedTableIdentifierPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`\[\[(.+)\.(.+)\]\]`)
-var sqlLogPrefixedColumnIdentifierPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`\{\{(.+)\.(.+)\}\}`)
 
 // normalizeSQLLog replaces common query builder charactes with their plain SQL version for easier debugging.
 // The query is still not suitable for execution and should be used only for log and debug purposes
 // (the normalization is done here to avoid breaking changes in dbx).
 func normalizeSQLLog(sql string) string {
-	sql = sqlLogPrefixedTableIdentifierPattern.ReplaceAllString(sql, "`$1`.`$2`")
-
-	sql = sqlLogPrefixedColumnIdentifierPattern.ReplaceAllString(sql, "`$1`.`$2`")
-
-	for old, new := range sqlLogReplacements {
-		sql = strings.ReplaceAll(sql, old, new)
+	for _, item := range sqlLogReplacements {
+		sql = item.pattern.ReplaceAllString(sql, item.replacement)
 	}
 
 	return sql
@@ -1185,6 +1258,33 @@ func (app *BaseApp) initAuxDB() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// @todo remove after refactoring the FilesManager interface
+func supportFiles(m Model) bool {
+	var collection *Collection
+	switch v := m.(type) {
+	case *Collection:
+		collection = v
+	case *Record:
+		collection = v.Collection()
+	case RecordProxy:
+		if v.ProxyRecord() != nil {
+			collection = v.ProxyRecord().Collection()
+		}
+	}
+
+	if collection == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	for _, f := range collection.Fields {
+		if f.Type() == FieldTypeFile {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
 func (app *BaseApp) registerBaseHooks() {
 	deletePrefix := func(prefix string) error {
 		fs, err := app.NewFilesystem()
@@ -1201,26 +1301,44 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerBaseHooks() {
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	maxFilesDeleteWorkers := cast.ToInt64(os.Getenv("PB_FILES_DELETE_MAX_WORKERS"))
+	if maxFilesDeleteWorkers <= 0 {
+		maxFilesDeleteWorkers = 2000 // the value is arbitrary chosen and may change in the future
+	}
+
+	deleteSem := semaphore.NewWeighted(maxFilesDeleteWorkers)
+
 	// try to delete the storage files from deleted Collection, Records, etc. model
 	app.OnModelAfterDeleteSuccess().Bind(&hook.Handler[*ModelEvent]{
 		Id: "__pbFilesManagerDelete__",
 		Func: func(e *ModelEvent) error {
-			if m, ok := e.Model.(FilesManager); ok && m.BaseFilesPath() != "" {
+			if m, ok := e.Model.(FilesManager); ok && m.BaseFilesPath() != "" && supportFiles(e.Model) {
 				// ensure that there is a trailing slash so that the list iterator could start walking from the prefix dir
 				// (https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/discussions/5246#discussioncomment-10128955)
 				prefix := strings.TrimRight(m.BaseFilesPath(), "/") + "/"
 
-				// run in the background for "optimistic" delete to avoid
-				// blocking the delete transaction
-				routine.FireAndForget(func() {
-					if err := deletePrefix(prefix); err != nil {
-						app.Logger().Error(
-							"Failed to delete storage prefix (non critical error; usually could happen because of S3 api limits)",
-							slog.String("prefix", prefix),
-							slog.String("error", err.Error()),
-						)
-					}
-				})
+				// note: for now assume no context cancellation
+				err := deleteSem.Acquire(context.Background(), 1)
+				if err != nil {
+					app.Logger().Error(
+						"Failed to delete storage prefix (couldn't acquire a worker)",
+						slog.String("prefix", prefix),
+						slog.String("error", err.Error()),
+					)
+				} else {
+					// run in the background for "optimistic" delete to avoid blocking the delete transaction
+					routine.FireAndForget(func() {
+						defer deleteSem.Release(1)
+
+						if err := deletePrefix(prefix); err != nil {
+							app.Logger().Error(
+								"Failed to delete storage prefix (non critical error; usually could happen because of S3 api limits)",
+								slog.String("prefix", prefix),
+								slog.String("error", err.Error()),
+							)
+						}
+					})
+				}
 			}
 
 			return e.Next()
@@ -1238,8 +1356,18 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerBaseHooks() {
 		Priority: 999,
 	})
 
-	app.Cron().Add("__pbPragmaOptimize__", "0 0 * * *", func() {
-		_, execErr := app.DB().NewQuery("PRAGMA optimize").Execute()
+	app.Cron().Add("__pbDBOptimize__", "0 0 * * *", func() {
+		_, execErr := app.NonconcurrentDB().NewQuery("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(TRUNCATE)").Execute()
+		if execErr != nil {
+			app.Logger().Warn("Failed to run periodic PRAGMA wal_checkpoint for the main DB", slog.String("error", execErr.Error()))
+		}
+
+		_, execErr = app.AuxNonconcurrentDB().NewQuery("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(TRUNCATE)").Execute()
+		if execErr != nil {
+			app.Logger().Warn("Failed to run periodic PRAGMA wal_checkpoint for the auxiliary DB", slog.String("error", execErr.Error()))
+		}
+
+		_, execErr = app.NonconcurrentDB().NewQuery("PRAGMA optimize").Execute()
 		if execErr != nil {
 			app.Logger().Warn("Failed to run periodic PRAGMA optimize", slog.String("error", execErr.Error()))
 		}
@@ -1280,7 +1408,7 @@ func getLoggerMinLevel(app App) slog.Level {
 func (app *BaseApp) initLogger() error {
 	duration := 3 * time.Second
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(duration)
-	done := make(chan bool)
+	done := make(chan bool, 1)
 
 	handler := logger.NewBatchHandler(logger.BatchOptions{
 		Level:     getLoggerMinLevel(app),
@@ -1351,7 +1479,11 @@ func (app *BaseApp) initLogger() error {
 
 			ticker.Stop()
 
-			done <- true
+			// don't block in case OnTerminate is triggered more than once
+			select {
+			case done <- true:
+			default:
+			}
 
 			return e.Next()
 		},

core/base_backup.go

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) CreateBackup(ctx context.Context, name string) error {
 	event.Context = ctx
 	event.Name = name
 	// default root dir entries to exclude from the backup generation
-	event.Exclude = []string{LocalBackupsDirName, LocalTempDirName, LocalAutocertCacheDirName}
+	event.Exclude = []string{LocalBackupsDirName, LocalTempDirName, LocalAutocertCacheDirName, lostFoundDirName}
 
 	return app.OnBackupCreate().Trigger(event, func(e *BackupEvent) error {
 		// generate a default name if missing
@@ -71,11 +71,16 @@ func (app *BaseApp) CreateBackup(ctx context.Context, name string) error {
 
 		// archive pb_data in a temp directory, exluding the "backups" and the temp dirs
 		//
-		// Run in transaction to temporary block other writes (transactions uses the NonconcurrentDB connection).
+		// run in transaction to temporary block other writes (transactions uses the NonconcurrentDB connection)
 		// ---
 		tempPath := filepath.Join(localTempDir, "pb_backup_"+security.PseudorandomString(6))
 		createErr := e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp App) error {
 			return txApp.AuxRunInTransaction(func(txApp App) error {
+				// run manual checkpoint and truncate the WAL files
+				// (errors are ignored because it is not that important and the PRAGMA may not be supported by the used driver)
+				txApp.DB().NewQuery("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(TRUNCATE)").Execute()
+				txApp.AuxDB().NewQuery("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(TRUNCATE)").Execute()
+
 				return archive.Create(txApp.DataDir(), tempPath, e.Exclude...)
 			})
 		})
@@ -137,6 +142,10 @@ func (app *BaseApp) CreateBackup(ctx context.Context, name string) error {
 //
 // If a failure occure during the restore process the dir changes are reverted.
 // If for whatever reason the revert is not possible, it panics.
+//
+// Note that if your pb_data has custom network mounts as subdirectories, then
+// it is possible the restore to fail during the `os.Rename` operations
+// (see https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/issues/4647).
 func (app *BaseApp) RestoreBackup(ctx context.Context, name string) error {
 	if app.Store().Has(StoreKeyActiveBackup) {
 		return errors.New("try again later - another backup/restore operation has already been started")
@@ -150,13 +159,20 @@ func (app *BaseApp) RestoreBackup(ctx context.Context, name string) error {
 	event.Context = ctx
 	event.Name = name
 	// default root dir entries to exclude from the backup restore
-	event.Exclude = []string{LocalBackupsDirName, LocalTempDirName, LocalAutocertCacheDirName}
+	event.Exclude = []string{LocalBackupsDirName, LocalTempDirName, LocalAutocertCacheDirName, lostFoundDirName}
 
 	return app.OnBackupRestore().Trigger(event, func(e *BackupEvent) error {
 		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
 			return errors.New("restore is not supported on Windows")
 		}
 
+		// make sure that the special temp directory exists
+		// note: it needs to be inside the current pb_data to avoid "cross-device link" errors
+		localTempDir := filepath.Join(e.App.DataDir(), LocalTempDirName)
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(localTempDir, os.ModePerm); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create a temp dir: %w", err)
+		}
+
 		fsys, err := e.App.NewBackupsFilesystem()
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -165,76 +181,104 @@ func (app *BaseApp) RestoreBackup(ctx context.Context, name string) error {
 
 		fsys.SetContext(e.Context)
 
-		// fetch the backup file in a temp location
-		br, err := fsys.GetFile(name)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		defer br.Close()
-
-		// make sure that the special temp directory exists
-		// note: it needs to be inside the current pb_data to avoid "cross-device link" errors
-		localTempDir := filepath.Join(e.App.DataDir(), LocalTempDirName)
-		if err := os.MkdirAll(localTempDir, os.ModePerm); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create a temp dir: %w", err)
+		if ok, _ := fsys.Exists(name); !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("missing or invalid backup file %q to restore", name)
 		}
 
-		// create a temp zip file from the blob.Reader and try to extract it
-		tempZip, err := os.CreateTemp(localTempDir, "pb_restore_zip")
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		defer os.Remove(tempZip.Name())
-
-		if _, err := io.Copy(tempZip, br); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		extractedDataDir := filepath.Join(localTempDir, "pb_restore_"+security.PseudorandomString(4))
+		extractedDataDir := filepath.Join(localTempDir, "pb_restore_"+security.PseudorandomString(8))
 		defer os.RemoveAll(extractedDataDir)
-		if err := archive.Extract(tempZip.Name(), extractedDataDir); err != nil {
-			return err
+
+		// extract the zip
+		if e.App.Settings().Backups.S3.Enabled {
+			br, err := fsys.GetReader(name)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			defer br.Close()
+
+			// create a temp zip file from the blob.Reader and try to extract it
+			tempZip, err := os.CreateTemp(localTempDir, "pb_restore_zip")
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			defer os.Remove(tempZip.Name())
+			defer tempZip.Close() // note: this technically shouldn't be necessary but it is here to workaround platforms discrepancies
+
+			_, err = io.Copy(tempZip, br)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			err = archive.Extract(tempZip.Name(), extractedDataDir)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			// remove the temp zip file since we no longer need it
+			// (this is in case the app restarts and the defer calls are not called)
+			_ = tempZip.Close()
+			err = os.Remove(tempZip.Name())
+			if err != nil {
+				e.App.Logger().Warn(
+					"[RestoreBackup] Failed to remove the temp zip backup file",
+					slog.String("file", tempZip.Name()),
+					slog.String("error", err.Error()),
+				)
+			}
+		} else {
+			// manually construct the local path to avoid creating a copy of the zip file
+			// since the blob reader currently doesn't implement ReaderAt
+			zipPath := filepath.Join(e.App.DataDir(), LocalBackupsDirName, filepath.Base(name))
+
+			err = archive.Extract(zipPath, extractedDataDir)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 		}
 
-		// ensure that a database file exists
+		// ensure that at least a database file exists
 		extractedDB := filepath.Join(extractedDataDir, "data.db")
 		if _, err := os.Stat(extractedDB); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("data.db file is missing or invalid: %w", err)
 		}
 
-		// remove the extracted zip file since we no longer need it
-		// (this is in case the app restarts and the defer calls are not called)
-		if err := os.Remove(tempZip.Name()); err != nil {
-			e.App.Logger().Debug(
-				"[RestoreBackup] Failed to remove the temp zip backup file",
-				slog.String("file", tempZip.Name()),
-				slog.String("error", err.Error()),
-			)
-		}
+		oldTempDataDir := filepath.Join(localTempDir, "old_pb_data_"+security.PseudorandomString(8))
 
-		// move the current pb_data content to a special temp location
-		// that will hold the old data between dirs replace
-		// (the temp dir will be automatically removed on the next app start)
-		oldTempDataDir := filepath.Join(localTempDir, "old_pb_data_"+security.PseudorandomString(4))
-		if err := osutils.MoveDirContent(e.App.DataDir(), oldTempDataDir, e.Exclude...); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to move the current pb_data content to a temp location: %w", err)
-		}
+		replaceErr := e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp App) error {
+			return txApp.AuxRunInTransaction(func(txApp App) error {
+				// move the current pb_data content to a special temp location
+				// that will hold the old data between dirs replace
+				// (the temp dir will be automatically removed on the next app start)
+				if err := osutils.MoveDirContent(txApp.DataDir(), oldTempDataDir, e.Exclude...); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to move the current pb_data content to a temp location: %w", err)
+				}
 
-		// move the extracted archive content to the app's pb_data
-		if err := osutils.MoveDirContent(extractedDataDir, e.App.DataDir(), e.Exclude...); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to move the extracted archive content to pb_data: %w", err)
+				// move the extracted archive content to the app's pb_data
+				if err := osutils.MoveDirContent(extractedDataDir, txApp.DataDir(), e.Exclude...); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to move the extracted archive content to pb_data: %w", err)
+				}
+
+				return nil
+			})
+		})
+		if replaceErr != nil {
+			return replaceErr
 		}
 
 		revertDataDirChanges := func() error {
-			if err := osutils.MoveDirContent(e.App.DataDir(), extractedDataDir, e.Exclude...); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to revert the extracted dir change: %w", err)
-			}
+			return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp App) error {
+				return txApp.AuxRunInTransaction(func(txApp App) error {
+					if err := osutils.MoveDirContent(txApp.DataDir(), extractedDataDir, e.Exclude...); err != nil {
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to revert the extracted dir change: %w", err)
+					}
 
-			if err := osutils.MoveDirContent(oldTempDataDir, e.App.DataDir(), e.Exclude...); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to revert old pb_data dir change: %w", err)
-			}
+					if err := osutils.MoveDirContent(oldTempDataDir, txApp.DataDir(), e.Exclude...); err != nil {
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to revert old pb_data dir change: %w", err)
+					}
 
-			return nil
+					return nil
+				})
+			})
 		}
 
 		// restart the app
@@ -252,7 +296,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) RestoreBackup(ctx context.Context, name string) error {
 
 // registerAutobackupHooks registers the autobackup app serve hooks.
 func (app *BaseApp) registerAutobackupHooks() {
-	const jobId = "__auto_pb_backup__"
+	const jobId = "__pbAutoBackup__"
 
 	loadJob := func() {
 		rawSchedule := app.Settings().Backups.Cron

core/base_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"database/sql"
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
+	"slices"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -99,9 +100,11 @@ func TestBaseAppBootstrap(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	nilChecksBeforeReset := []nilCheck{
-		{"[before] concurrentDB", app.DB(), false},
+		{"[before] db", app.DB(), false},
+		{"[before] concurrentDB", app.ConcurrentDB(), false},
 		{"[before] nonconcurrentDB", app.NonconcurrentDB(), false},
-		{"[before] auxConcurrentDB", app.AuxDB(), false},
+		{"[before] auxDB", app.AuxDB(), false},
+		{"[before] auxConcurrentDB", app.AuxConcurrentDB(), false},
 		{"[before] auxNonconcurrentDB", app.AuxNonconcurrentDB(), false},
 		{"[before] settings", app.Settings(), false},
 		{"[before] logger", app.Logger(), false},
@@ -116,9 +119,11 @@ func TestBaseAppBootstrap(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	nilChecksAfterReset := []nilCheck{
-		{"[after] concurrentDB", app.DB(), true},
+		{"[after] db", app.DB(), true},
+		{"[after] concurrentDB", app.ConcurrentDB(), true},
 		{"[after] nonconcurrentDB", app.NonconcurrentDB(), true},
-		{"[after] auxConcurrentDB", app.AuxDB(), true},
+		{"[after] auxDB", app.AuxDB(), true},
+		{"[after] auxConcurrentDB", app.AuxConcurrentDB(), true},
 		{"[after] auxNonconcurrentDB", app.AuxNonconcurrentDB(), true},
 		{"[after] settings", app.Settings(), false},
 		{"[after] logger", app.Logger(), false},
@@ -128,7 +133,7 @@ func TestBaseAppBootstrap(t *testing.T) {
 	runNilChecks(nilChecksAfterReset)
 }
 
-func TestNewBaseAppIsTransactional(t *testing.T) {
+func TestNewBaseAppTx(t *testing.T) {
 	const testDataDir = "./pb_base_app_test_data_dir/"
 	defer os.RemoveAll(testDataDir)
 
@@ -141,17 +146,34 @@ func TestNewBaseAppIsTransactional(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	if app.IsTransactional() {
-		t.Fatalf("Didn't expect the app to be transactional")
+	mustNotHaveTx := func(app core.App) {
+		if app.IsTransactional() {
+			t.Fatalf("Didn't expect the app to be transactional")
+		}
+
+		if app.TxInfo() != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Didn't expect the app.txInfo to be loaded")
+		}
 	}
 
-	app.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
-		if !txApp.IsTransactional() {
+	mustHaveTx := func(app core.App) {
+		if !app.IsTransactional() {
 			t.Fatalf("Expected the app to be transactional")
 		}
 
+		if app.TxInfo() == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected the app.txInfo to be loaded")
+		}
+	}
+
+	mustNotHaveTx(app)
+
+	app.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+		mustHaveTx(txApp)
 		return nil
 	})
+
+	mustNotHaveTx(app)
 }
 
 func TestBaseAppNewMailClient(t *testing.T) {
@@ -354,8 +376,8 @@ func TestBaseAppRefreshSettingsLoggerMinLevelEnabled(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			// silence query logs
-			app.DB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {}
-			app.DB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {}
+			app.ConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {}
+			app.ConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {}
 			app.NonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {}
 			app.NonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {}
 
@@ -378,3 +400,171 @@ func TestBaseAppRefreshSettingsLoggerMinLevelEnabled(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestBaseAppDBDualBuilder(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	concurrentQueries := []string{}
+	nonconcurrentQueries := []string{}
+	app.ConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+		concurrentQueries = append(concurrentQueries, sql)
+	}
+	app.ConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {
+		concurrentQueries = append(concurrentQueries, sql)
+	}
+	app.NonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+		nonconcurrentQueries = append(nonconcurrentQueries, sql)
+	}
+	app.NonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {
+		nonconcurrentQueries = append(nonconcurrentQueries, sql)
+	}
+
+	type testQuery struct {
+		query        string
+		isConcurrent bool
+	}
+
+	regularTests := []testQuery{
+		{"  \n  sEleCt 1", true},
+		{"With abc(x) AS (select 2) SELECT x FROM abc", true},
+		{"create table t1(x int)", false},
+		{"insert into t1(x) values(1)", false},
+		{"update t1 set x = 2", false},
+		{"delete from t1", false},
+	}
+
+	txTests := []testQuery{
+		{"select 3", false},
+		{" \n WITH abc(x) AS (select 4) SELECT x FROM abc", false},
+		{"create table t2(x int)", false},
+		{"insert into t2(x) values(1)", false},
+		{"update t2 set x = 2", false},
+		{"delete from t2", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, item := range regularTests {
+		_, err := app.DB().NewQuery(item.query).Execute()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to execute query %q error: %v", item.query, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	app.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+		for _, item := range txTests {
+			_, err := txApp.DB().NewQuery(item.query).Execute()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to execute query %q error: %v", item.query, err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	allTests := append(regularTests, txTests...)
+	for _, item := range allTests {
+		if item.isConcurrent {
+			if !slices.Contains(concurrentQueries, item.query) {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected concurrent query\n%q\ngot\nconcurrent:%v\nnonconcurrent:%v", item.query, concurrentQueries, nonconcurrentQueries)
+			}
+		} else {
+			if !slices.Contains(nonconcurrentQueries, item.query) {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected nonconcurrent query\n%q\ngot\nconcurrent:%v\nnonconcurrent:%v", item.query, concurrentQueries, nonconcurrentQueries)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBaseAppAuxDBDualBuilder(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	concurrentQueries := []string{}
+	nonconcurrentQueries := []string{}
+	app.AuxConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+		concurrentQueries = append(concurrentQueries, sql)
+	}
+	app.AuxConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {
+		concurrentQueries = append(concurrentQueries, sql)
+	}
+	app.AuxNonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+		nonconcurrentQueries = append(nonconcurrentQueries, sql)
+	}
+	app.AuxNonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {
+		nonconcurrentQueries = append(nonconcurrentQueries, sql)
+	}
+
+	type testQuery struct {
+		query        string
+		isConcurrent bool
+	}
+
+	regularTests := []testQuery{
+		{"  \n  sEleCt 1", true},
+		{"With abc(x) AS (select 2) SELECT x FROM abc", true},
+		{"create table t1(x int)", false},
+		{"insert into t1(x) values(1)", false},
+		{"update t1 set x = 2", false},
+		{"delete from t1", false},
+	}
+
+	txTests := []testQuery{
+		{"select 3", false},
+		{" \n WITH abc(x) AS (select 4) SELECT x FROM abc", false},
+		{"create table t2(x int)", false},
+		{"insert into t2(x) values(1)", false},
+		{"update t2 set x = 2", false},
+		{"delete from t2", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, item := range regularTests {
+		_, err := app.AuxDB().NewQuery(item.query).Execute()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to execute query %q error: %v", item.query, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	app.AuxRunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+		for _, item := range txTests {
+			_, err := txApp.AuxDB().NewQuery(item.query).Execute()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to execute query %q error: %v", item.query, err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	allTests := append(regularTests, txTests...)
+	for _, item := range allTests {
+		if item.isConcurrent {
+			if !slices.Contains(concurrentQueries, item.query) {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected concurrent query\n%q\ngot\nconcurrent:%v\nnonconcurrent:%v", item.query, concurrentQueries, nonconcurrentQueries)
+			}
+		} else {
+			if !slices.Contains(nonconcurrentQueries, item.query) {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected nonconcurrent query\n%q\ngot\nconcurrent:%v\nnonconcurrent:%v", item.query, concurrentQueries, nonconcurrentQueries)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBaseAppTriggerOnTerminate(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	event := new(core.TerminateEvent)
+	event.App = app
+
+	// trigger OnTerminate multiple times to ensure that it doesn't deadlock
+	// https://github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/pull/7305
+	app.OnTerminate().Trigger(event)
+	app.OnTerminate().Trigger(event)
+	app.OnTerminate().Trigger(event)
+}

core/collection_import.go

@@ -86,6 +86,12 @@ func (app *BaseApp) ImportCollections(toImport []map[string]any, deleteMissing b
 					continue
 				}
 				if imported.Fields.GetById(f.GetId()) == nil {
+					// replace with the existing id to prevent accidental column deletion
+					// since otherwise the imported field will be treated as a new one
+					found := imported.Fields.GetByName(f.GetName())
+					if found != nil && found.Type() == f.Type() {
+						found.SetId(f.GetId())
+					}
 					imported.Fields.Add(f)
 				}
 			}

core/collection_import_test.go

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ func TestImportCollections(t *testing.T) {
 				expectedCollectionFields := map[string]int{
 					core.CollectionNameAuthOrigins: 6,
 					"nologin":                      10,
-					"demo1":                        18,
+					"demo1":                        19,
 					"demo2":                        5,
 					"demo3":                        5,
 					"demo4":                        16,

core/collection_model.go

@@ -28,15 +28,20 @@ const (
 
 const systemHookIdCollection = "__pbCollectionSystemHook__"
 
+const defaultLowercaseRecordIdPattern = "^[a-z0-9]+$"
+
 func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 	app.OnModelValidate().Bind(&hook.Handler[*ModelEvent]{
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionValidate().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionValidate().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -48,10 +53,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionCreate().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionCreate().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -63,10 +71,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionCreateExecute().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionCreateExecute().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -78,10 +89,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionAfterCreateSuccess().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionAfterCreateSuccess().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -93,10 +107,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelErrorEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionErrorEventFromModelErrorEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionAfterCreateError().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionErrorEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionAfterCreateError().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionErrorEvent) error {
 					syncModelErrorEventWithCollectionErrorEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionErrorEventWithModelErrorEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelErrorEventWithCollectionErrorEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -108,10 +125,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionUpdate().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionUpdate().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -123,10 +143,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionUpdateExecute().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionUpdateExecute().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -138,10 +161,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionAfterUpdateSuccess().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionAfterUpdateSuccess().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -153,10 +179,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelErrorEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionErrorEventFromModelErrorEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionAfterUpdateError().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionErrorEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionAfterUpdateError().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionErrorEvent) error {
 					syncModelErrorEventWithCollectionErrorEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionErrorEventWithModelErrorEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelErrorEventWithCollectionErrorEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -168,10 +197,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionDelete().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionDelete().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -183,10 +215,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionDeleteExecute().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionDeleteExecute().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -198,10 +233,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionAfterDeleteSuccess().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionAfterDeleteSuccess().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionEvent) error {
 					syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -213,10 +251,13 @@ func (app *BaseApp) registerCollectionHooks() {
 		Id: systemHookIdCollection,
 		Func: func(me *ModelErrorEvent) error {
 			if ce, ok := newCollectionErrorEventFromModelErrorEvent(me); ok {
-				return me.App.OnCollectionAfterDeleteError().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionErrorEvent) error {
+				err := me.App.OnCollectionAfterDeleteError().Trigger(ce, func(ce *CollectionErrorEvent) error {
 					syncModelErrorEventWithCollectionErrorEvent(me, ce)
+					defer syncCollectionErrorEventWithModelErrorEvent(ce, me)
 					return me.Next()
 				})
+				syncModelErrorEventWithCollectionErrorEvent(me, ce)
+				return err
 			}
 
 			return me.Next()
@@ -721,9 +762,9 @@ func (c *Collection) updateGeneratedIdIfExists(app App) {
 
 	// add a number to the current id (if already exists)
 	for i := 2; i < 1000; i++ {
-		var exists bool
+		var exists int
 		_ = app.CollectionQuery().Select("(1)").AndWhere(dbx.HashExp{"id": newId}).Limit(1).Row(&exists)
-		if !exists {
+		if exists == 0 {
 			break
 		}
 		newId = c.idChecksum() + strconv.Itoa(i)
@@ -890,7 +931,7 @@ func (c *Collection) initIdField() {
 			Required:            true,
 			Min:                 15,
 			Max:                 15,
-			Pattern:             `^[a-z0-9]+$`,
+			Pattern:             defaultLowercaseRecordIdPattern,
 			AutogeneratePattern: `[a-z0-9]{15}`,
 		}
 
@@ -902,6 +943,9 @@ func (c *Collection) initIdField() {
 		field.Required = true
 		field.PrimaryKey = true
 		field.Hidden = false
+		if field.Pattern == "" {
+			field.Pattern = defaultLowercaseRecordIdPattern
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -945,7 +989,7 @@ func (c *Collection) initTokenKeyField() {
 	}
 
 	// ensure that there is a unique index for the field
-	if !dbutils.HasSingleColumnUniqueIndex(FieldNameTokenKey, c.Indexes) {
+	if _, ok := dbutils.FindSingleColumnUniqueIndex(c.Indexes, FieldNameTokenKey); !ok {
 		c.Indexes = append(c.Indexes, fmt.Sprintf(
 			"CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `%s` ON `%s` (`%s`)",
 			c.fieldIndexName(FieldNameTokenKey),
@@ -971,7 +1015,7 @@ func (c *Collection) initEmailField() {
 	}
 
 	// ensure that there is a unique index for the email field
-	if !dbutils.HasSingleColumnUniqueIndex(FieldNameEmail, c.Indexes) {
+	if _, ok := dbutils.FindSingleColumnUniqueIndex(c.Indexes, FieldNameEmail); !ok {
 		c.Indexes = append(c.Indexes, fmt.Sprintf(
 			"CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `%s` ON `%s` (`%s`) WHERE `%s` != ''",
 			c.fieldIndexName(FieldNameEmail),
@@ -1018,7 +1062,7 @@ func (c *Collection) fieldIndexName(field string) string {
 	} else if c.Name != "" {
 		name += c.Name
 	} else {
-		name += security.PseudorandomString(10)
+		name += security.PseudorandomStringWithAlphabet(10, DefaultIdAlphabet)
 	}
 
 	if len(name) > 64 {

core/collection_model_auth_options.go

@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ func checkForDuplicatedProviders(value any) error {
 		if _, ok := existing[c.Name]; ok {
 			return validation.Errors{
 				strconv.Itoa(i): validation.Errors{
-					"name": validation.NewError("validation_duplicated_provider", "The provider "+c.Name+" is already registered.").
+					"name": validation.NewError("validation_duplicated_provider", "The provider {{.name}} is already registered.").
 						SetParams(map[string]any{"name": c.Name}),
 				},
 			}
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ func checkProviderName(value any) error {
 	}
 
 	if _, err := auth.NewProviderByName(name); err != nil {
-		return validation.NewError("validation_missing_provider", "Invalid or missing provider with name "+name+".").
+		return validation.NewError("validation_missing_provider", "Invalid or missing provider with name {{.name}}.").
 			SetParams(map[string]any{"name": name})
 	}
 

core/collection_model_auth_templates.go

@@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ package core
 
 // Common settings placeholder tokens
 const (
-	EmailPlaceholderAppName string = "{APP_NAME}"
-	EmailPlaceholderAppURL  string = "{APP_URL}"
-	EmailPlaceholderToken   string = "{TOKEN}"
-	EmailPlaceholderOTP     string = "{OTP}"
-	EmailPlaceholderOTPId   string = "{OTP_ID}"
+	EmailPlaceholderAppName   string = "{APP_NAME}"
+	EmailPlaceholderAppURL    string = "{APP_URL}"
+	EmailPlaceholderToken     string = "{TOKEN}"
+	EmailPlaceholderOTP       string = "{OTP}"
+	EmailPlaceholderOTPId     string = "{OTP_ID}"
+	EmailPlaceholderAlertInfo string = "{ALERT_INFO}"
 )
 
 var defaultVerificationTemplate = EmailTemplate{
@@ -65,9 +66,10 @@ var defaultOTPTemplate = EmailTemplate{
 var defaultAuthAlertTemplate = EmailTemplate{
 	Subject: "Login from a new location",
 	Body: `<p>Hello,</p>
-<p>We noticed a login to your ` + EmailPlaceholderAppName + ` account from a new location.</p>
-<p>If this was you, you may disregard this email.</p>
+<p>We noticed a login to your ` + EmailPlaceholderAppName + ` account from a new location:</p>
+<p><em>` + EmailPlaceholderAlertInfo + `</em></p>
 <p><strong>If this wasn't you, you should immediately change your ` + EmailPlaceholderAppName + ` account password to revoke access from all other locations.</strong></p>
+<p>If this was you, you may disregard this email.</p>
 <p>
   Thanks,<br/>
   ` + EmailPlaceholderAppName + ` team

core/collection_model_test.go

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 package core_test
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"slices"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -11,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tests"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/dbutils"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/hook"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/types"
 )
 
@@ -976,6 +980,280 @@ func TestCollectionDelete(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestCollectionModelEventSync(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	testCollections := make([]*core.Collection, 4)
+	for i := 0; i < 4; i++ {
+		testCollections[i] = core.NewBaseCollection("sync_test_" + strconv.Itoa(i))
+		if err := app.Save(testCollections[i]); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	createModelEvent := func() *core.ModelEvent {
+		event := new(core.ModelEvent)
+		event.App = app
+		event.Context = context.Background()
+		event.Type = "test_a"
+		event.Model = testCollections[0]
+		return event
+	}
+
+	createModelErrorEvent := func() *core.ModelErrorEvent {
+		event := new(core.ModelErrorEvent)
+		event.ModelEvent = *createModelEvent()
+		event.Error = errors.New("error_a")
+		return event
+	}
+
+	changeCollectionEventBefore := func(e *core.CollectionEvent) {
+		e.Type = "test_b"
+		//nolint:staticcheck
+		e.Context = context.WithValue(context.Background(), "test", 123)
+		e.Collection = testCollections[1]
+	}
+
+	modelEventFinalizerChange := func(e *core.ModelEvent) {
+		e.Type = "test_c"
+		//nolint:staticcheck
+		e.Context = context.WithValue(context.Background(), "test", 456)
+		e.Model = testCollections[2]
+	}
+
+	changeCollectionEventAfter := func(e *core.CollectionEvent) {
+		e.Type = "test_d"
+		//nolint:staticcheck
+		e.Context = context.WithValue(context.Background(), "test", 789)
+		e.Collection = testCollections[3]
+	}
+
+	expectedBeforeModelEventHandlerChecks := func(t *testing.T, e *core.ModelEvent) {
+		if e.Type != "test_a" {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected type %q, got %q", "test_a", e.Type)
+		}
+
+		if v := e.Context.Value("test"); v != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected context value %v, got %v", nil, v)
+		}
+
+		if e.Model.PK() != testCollections[0].Id {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected collection with id %q, got %q (%d)", testCollections[0].Id, e.Model.PK(), 0)
+		}
+	}
+
+	expectedAfterModelEventHandlerChecks := func(t *testing.T, e *core.ModelEvent) {
+		if e.Type != "test_d" {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected type %q, got %q", "test_d", e.Type)
+		}
+
+		if v := e.Context.Value("test"); v != 789 {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected context value %v, got %v", 789, v)
+		}
+
+		if e.Model.PK() != testCollections[3].Id {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected collection with id %q, got %q (%d)", testCollections[3].Id, e.Model.PK(), 3)
+		}
+	}
+
+	expectedBeforeCollectionEventHandlerChecks := func(t *testing.T, e *core.CollectionEvent) {
+		if e.Type != "test_a" {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected type %q, got %q", "test_a", e.Type)
+		}
+
+		if v := e.Context.Value("test"); v != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected context value %v, got %v", nil, v)
+		}
+
+		if e.Collection.Id != testCollections[0].Id {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected collection with id %q, got %q (%d)", testCollections[0].Id, e.Collection.Id, 0)
+		}
+	}
+
+	expectedAfterCollectionEventHandlerChecks := func(t *testing.T, e *core.CollectionEvent) {
+		if e.Type != "test_c" {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected type %q, got %q", "test_c", e.Type)
+		}
+
+		if v := e.Context.Value("test"); v != 456 {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected context value %v, got %v", 456, v)
+		}
+
+		if e.Collection.Id != testCollections[2].Id {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected collection with id %q, got %q (%d)", testCollections[2].Id, e.Collection.Id, 2)
+		}
+	}
+
+	modelEventFinalizer := func(e *core.ModelEvent) error {
+		modelEventFinalizerChange(e)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	modelErrorEventFinalizer := func(e *core.ModelErrorEvent) error {
+		modelEventFinalizerChange(&e.ModelEvent)
+		e.Error = errors.New("error_c")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	modelEventHandler := &hook.Handler[*core.ModelEvent]{
+		Priority: -999,
+		Func: func(e *core.ModelEvent) error {
+			t.Run("before model", func(t *testing.T) {
+				expectedBeforeModelEventHandlerChecks(t, e)
+			})
+
+			_ = e.Next()
+
+			t.Run("after model", func(t *testing.T) {
+				expectedAfterModelEventHandlerChecks(t, e)
+			})
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	modelErrorEventHandler := &hook.Handler[*core.ModelErrorEvent]{
+		Priority: -999,
+		Func: func(e *core.ModelErrorEvent) error {
+			t.Run("before model error", func(t *testing.T) {
+				expectedBeforeModelEventHandlerChecks(t, &e.ModelEvent)
+				if v := e.Error.Error(); v != "error_a" {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected error %q, got %q", "error_a", v)
+				}
+			})
+
+			_ = e.Next()
+
+			t.Run("after model error", func(t *testing.T) {
+				expectedAfterModelEventHandlerChecks(t, &e.ModelEvent)
+				if v := e.Error.Error(); v != "error_d" {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected error %q, got %q", "error_d", v)
+				}
+			})
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	recordEventHandler := &hook.Handler[*core.CollectionEvent]{
+		Priority: -999,
+		Func: func(e *core.CollectionEvent) error {
+			t.Run("before collection", func(t *testing.T) {
+				expectedBeforeCollectionEventHandlerChecks(t, e)
+			})
+
+			changeCollectionEventBefore(e)
+
+			_ = e.Next()
+
+			t.Run("after collection", func(t *testing.T) {
+				expectedAfterCollectionEventHandlerChecks(t, e)
+			})
+
+			changeCollectionEventAfter(e)
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	collectionErrorEventHandler := &hook.Handler[*core.CollectionErrorEvent]{
+		Priority: -999,
+		Func: func(e *core.CollectionErrorEvent) error {
+			t.Run("before collection error", func(t *testing.T) {
+				expectedBeforeCollectionEventHandlerChecks(t, &e.CollectionEvent)
+				if v := e.Error.Error(); v != "error_a" {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected error %q, got %q", "error_c", v)
+				}
+			})
+
+			changeCollectionEventBefore(&e.CollectionEvent)
+			e.Error = errors.New("error_b")
+
+			_ = e.Next()
+
+			t.Run("after collection error", func(t *testing.T) {
+				expectedAfterCollectionEventHandlerChecks(t, &e.CollectionEvent)
+				if v := e.Error.Error(); v != "error_c" {
+					t.Fatalf("Expected error %q, got %q", "error_c", v)
+				}
+			})
+
+			changeCollectionEventAfter(&e.CollectionEvent)
+			e.Error = errors.New("error_d")
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	// OnModelValidate
+	app.OnCollectionValidate().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelValidate().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelValidate().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelCreate
+	app.OnCollectionCreate().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelCreate().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelCreate().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelCreateExecute
+	app.OnCollectionCreateExecute().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelCreateExecute().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelCreateExecute().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelAfterCreateSuccess
+	app.OnCollectionAfterCreateSuccess().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterCreateSuccess().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterCreateSuccess().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelAfterCreateError
+	app.OnCollectionAfterCreateError().Bind(collectionErrorEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterCreateError().Bind(modelErrorEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterCreateError().Trigger(createModelErrorEvent(), modelErrorEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelUpdate
+	app.OnCollectionUpdate().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelUpdate().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelUpdate().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelUpdateExecute
+	app.OnCollectionUpdateExecute().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelUpdateExecute().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelUpdateExecute().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelAfterUpdateSuccess
+	app.OnCollectionAfterUpdateSuccess().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterUpdateSuccess().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterUpdateSuccess().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelAfterUpdateError
+	app.OnCollectionAfterUpdateError().Bind(collectionErrorEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterUpdateError().Bind(modelErrorEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterUpdateError().Trigger(createModelErrorEvent(), modelErrorEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelDelete
+	app.OnCollectionDelete().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelDelete().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelDelete().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelDeleteExecute
+	app.OnCollectionDeleteExecute().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelDeleteExecute().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelDeleteExecute().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelAfterDeleteSuccess
+	app.OnCollectionAfterDeleteSuccess().Bind(recordEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterDeleteSuccess().Bind(modelEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterDeleteSuccess().Trigger(createModelEvent(), modelEventFinalizer)
+
+	// OnModelAfterDeleteError
+	app.OnCollectionAfterDeleteError().Bind(collectionErrorEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterDeleteError().Bind(modelErrorEventHandler)
+	app.OnModelAfterDeleteError().Trigger(createModelErrorEvent(), modelErrorEventFinalizer)
+}
+
 func TestCollectionSaveModel(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -1345,7 +1623,7 @@ func TestCollectionSaveViewWrapping(t *testing.T) {
 
 			var sql string
 
-			rowErr := app.DB().NewQuery("SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='view' AND name={:name}").
+			rowErr := app.ConcurrentDB().NewQuery("SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='view' AND name={:name}").
 				Bind(dbx.Params{"name": viewName}).
 				Row(&sql)
 			if rowErr != nil {

core/collection_query.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/pocketbase/dbx"
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) FindAllCollections(collectionTypes ...string) ([]*Collection
 		q.AndWhere(dbx.In("type", list.ToInterfaceSlice(types)...))
 	}
 
-	err := q.OrderBy("created ASC").All(&collections)
+	err := q.OrderBy("rowid ASC").All(&collections)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -75,16 +76,16 @@ func (app *BaseApp) FindCollectionByNameOrId(nameOrId string) (*Collection, erro
 	return m, nil
 }
 
-// FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId is similar to [App.FindCollectionByNameOrId]
+// FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId is similar to [BaseApp.FindCollectionByNameOrId]
 // but retrieves the Collection from the app cache instead of making a db call.
 //
 // NB! This method is suitable for read-only Collection operations.
 //
 // Returns [sql.ErrNoRows] if no Collection is found for consistency
-// with the [App.FindCollectionByNameOrId] method.
+// with the [BaseApp.FindCollectionByNameOrId] method.
 //
 // If you plan making changes to the returned Collection model,
-// use [App.FindCollectionByNameOrId] instead.
+// use [BaseApp.FindCollectionByNameOrId] instead.
 //
 // Caveats:
 //
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) FindCollectionByNameOrId(nameOrId string) (*Collection, erro
 //   - If you are updating a Collection in a transaction and then call this method before commit,
 //     it'll return the cached Collection state and not the one from the uncommitted transaction.
 //   - The cache is automatically updated on collections db change (create/update/delete).
-//     To manually reload the cache you can call [App.ReloadCachedCollections()]
+//     To manually reload the cache you can call [BaseApp.ReloadCachedCollections].
 func (app *BaseApp) FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(nameOrId string) (*Collection, error) {
 	collections, _ := app.Store().Get(StoreKeyCachedCollections).([]*Collection)
 	if collections == nil {
@@ -111,30 +112,6 @@ func (app *BaseApp) FindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(nameOrId string) (*Collection
 	return nil, sql.ErrNoRows
 }
 
-// IsCollectionNameUnique checks that there is no existing collection
-// with the provided name (case insensitive!).
-//
-// Note: case insensitive check because the name is used also as
-// table name for the records.
-func (app *BaseApp) IsCollectionNameUnique(name string, excludeIds ...string) bool {
-	if name == "" {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	query := app.CollectionQuery().
-		Select("count(*)").
-		AndWhere(dbx.NewExp("LOWER([[name]])={:name}", dbx.Params{"name": strings.ToLower(name)})).
-		Limit(1)
-
-	if uniqueExcludeIds := list.NonzeroUniques(excludeIds); len(uniqueExcludeIds) > 0 {
-		query.AndWhere(dbx.NotIn("id", list.ToInterfaceSlice(uniqueExcludeIds)...))
-	}
-
-	var exists bool
-
-	return query.Row(&exists) == nil && !exists
-}
-
 // FindCollectionReferences returns information for all relation fields
 // referencing the provided collection.
 //
@@ -168,6 +145,72 @@ func (app *BaseApp) FindCollectionReferences(collection *Collection, excludeIds
 	return result, nil
 }
 
+// FindCachedCollectionReferences is similar to [BaseApp.FindCollectionReferences]
+// but retrieves the Collection from the app cache instead of making a db call.
+//
+// NB! This method is suitable for read-only Collection operations.
+//
+// If you plan making changes to the returned Collection model,
+// use [BaseApp.FindCollectionReferences] instead.
+//
+// Caveats:
+//
+//   - The returned Collection should be used only for read-only operations.
+//     Avoid directly modifying the returned cached Collection as it will affect
+//     the global cached value even if you don't persist the changes in the database!
+//   - If you are updating a Collection in a transaction and then call this method before commit,
+//     it'll return the cached Collection state and not the one from the uncommitted transaction.
+//   - The cache is automatically updated on collections db change (create/update/delete).
+//     To manually reload the cache you can call [BaseApp.ReloadCachedCollections].
+func (app *BaseApp) FindCachedCollectionReferences(collection *Collection, excludeIds ...string) (map[*Collection][]Field, error) {
+	collections, _ := app.Store().Get(StoreKeyCachedCollections).([]*Collection)
+	if collections == nil {
+		// cache is not initialized yet (eg. run in a system migration)
+		return app.FindCollectionReferences(collection, excludeIds...)
+	}
+
+	result := map[*Collection][]Field{}
+
+	for _, c := range collections {
+		if slices.Contains(excludeIds, c.Id) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, rawField := range c.Fields {
+			f, ok := rawField.(*RelationField)
+			if ok && f.CollectionId == collection.Id {
+				result[c] = append(result[c], f)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// IsCollectionNameUnique checks that there is no existing collection
+// with the provided name (case insensitive!).
+//
+// Note: case insensitive check because the name is used also as
+// table name for the records.
+func (app *BaseApp) IsCollectionNameUnique(name string, excludeIds ...string) bool {
+	if name == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	query := app.CollectionQuery().
+		Select("count(*)").
+		AndWhere(dbx.NewExp("LOWER([[name]])={:name}", dbx.Params{"name": strings.ToLower(name)})).
+		Limit(1)
+
+	if uniqueExcludeIds := list.NonzeroUniques(excludeIds); len(uniqueExcludeIds) > 0 {
+		query.AndWhere(dbx.NotIn("id", list.ToInterfaceSlice(uniqueExcludeIds)...))
+	}
+
+	var total int
+
+	return query.Row(&total) == nil && total == 0
+}
+
 // TruncateCollection deletes all records associated with the provided collection.
 //
 // The truncate operation is executed in a single transaction,
@@ -177,7 +220,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) FindCollectionReferences(collection *Collection, excludeIds
 // cascade and file delete actions.
 func (app *BaseApp) TruncateCollection(collection *Collection) error {
 	if collection.IsView() {
-		return errors.New("view collections cannot be truncated since they don't store their own records.")
+		return errors.New("view collections cannot be truncated since they don't store their own records")
 	}
 
 	return app.RunInTransaction(func(txApp App) error {

core/collection_query_test.go

@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func TestFindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(t *testing.T) {
 	defer app.Cleanup()
 
 	totalQueries := 0
-	app.DB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+	app.ConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
 		totalQueries++
 	}
 
@@ -208,34 +208,6 @@ func TestFindCachedCollectionByNameOrId(t *testing.T) {
 	run(false)
 }
 
-func TestIsCollectionNameUnique(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
-	defer app.Cleanup()
-
-	scenarios := []struct {
-		name      string
-		excludeId string
-		expected  bool
-	}{
-		{"", "", false},
-		{"demo1", "", false},
-		{"Demo1", "", false},
-		{"new", "", true},
-		{"demo1", "wsmn24bux7wo113", true},
-	}
-
-	for i, s := range scenarios {
-		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d_%s", i, s.name), func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := app.IsCollectionNameUnique(s.name, s.excludeId)
-			if result != s.expected {
-				t.Errorf("Expected %v, got %v", s.expected, result)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func TestFindCollectionReferences(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -288,6 +260,115 @@ func TestFindCollectionReferences(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestFindCachedCollectionReferences(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	collection, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo3")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	totalQueries := 0
+	app.ConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+		totalQueries++
+	}
+
+	run := func(withCache bool) {
+		var expectedTotalQueries int
+
+		if withCache {
+			err := app.ReloadCachedCollections()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			app.Store().Reset(nil)
+			expectedTotalQueries = 1
+		}
+
+		totalQueries = 0
+
+		result, err := app.FindCachedCollectionReferences(
+			collection,
+			collection.Id,
+			// test whether "nonempty" exclude ids condition will be skipped
+			"",
+			"",
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if len(result) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected 1 collection, got %d: %v", len(result), result)
+		}
+
+		expectedFields := []string{
+			"rel_one_no_cascade",
+			"rel_one_no_cascade_required",
+			"rel_one_cascade",
+			"rel_one_unique",
+			"rel_many_no_cascade",
+			"rel_many_no_cascade_required",
+			"rel_many_cascade",
+			"rel_many_unique",
+		}
+
+		for col, fields := range result {
+			if col.Name != "demo4" {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected collection demo4, got %s", col.Name)
+			}
+			if len(fields) != len(expectedFields) {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected fields %v, got %v", expectedFields, fields)
+			}
+			for i, f := range fields {
+				if !slices.Contains(expectedFields, f.GetName()) {
+					t.Fatalf("[%d] Didn't expect field %v", i, f)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if totalQueries != expectedTotalQueries {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected %d totalQueries, got %d", expectedTotalQueries, totalQueries)
+		}
+	}
+
+	run(true)
+
+	run(false)
+}
+
+func TestIsCollectionNameUnique(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	scenarios := []struct {
+		name      string
+		excludeId string
+		expected  bool
+	}{
+		{"", "", false},
+		{"demo1", "", false},
+		{"Demo1", "", false},
+		{"new", "", true},
+		{"demo1", "wsmn24bux7wo113", true},
+	}
+
+	for i, s := range scenarios {
+		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d_%s", i, s.name), func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := app.IsCollectionNameUnique(s.name, s.excludeId)
+			if result != s.expected {
+				t.Errorf("Expected %v, got %v", s.expected, result)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestFindCollectionTruncate(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

core/collection_record_table_sync.go

@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) SyncRecordTableSchema(newCollection *Collection, oldCollecti
 
 	// run optimize per the SQLite recommendations
 	// (https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_optimize)
-	_, optimizeErr := app.DB().NewQuery("PRAGMA optimize").Execute()
+	_, optimizeErr := app.NonconcurrentDB().NewQuery("PRAGMA optimize").Execute()
 	if optimizeErr != nil {
 		app.Logger().Warn("Failed to run PRAGMA optimize after record table sync", slog.String("error", optimizeErr.Error()))
 	}
@@ -310,7 +310,8 @@ func dropCollectionIndexes(app App, collection *Collection) error {
 				continue
 			}
 
-			if _, err := app.DB().NewQuery(fmt.Sprintf("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS [[%s]]", parsed.IndexName)).Execute(); err != nil {
+			_, err := txApp.DB().NewQuery(fmt.Sprintf("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS [[%s]]", parsed.IndexName)).Execute()
+			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
@@ -349,9 +350,7 @@ func createCollectionIndexes(app App, collection *Collection) error {
 				errs[strconv.Itoa(i)] = validation.NewError(
 					"validation_invalid_index_expression",
 					fmt.Sprintf("Failed to create index %s - %v.", parsed.IndexName, err.Error()),
-				).SetParams(map[string]any{
-					"indexName": parsed.IndexName,
-				})
+				)
 				continue
 			}
 		}

core/collection_validate.go

@@ -34,7 +34,11 @@ func onCollectionValidate(e *CollectionEvent) error {
 		original,
 	)
 
-	return validator.run()
+	if err := validator.run(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return e.Next()
 }
 
 func newCollectionValidator(ctx context.Context, app App, new, original *Collection) *collectionValidator {
@@ -83,7 +87,7 @@ func (validator *collectionValidator) run() error {
 				validator.original.IsNew(),
 				validation.Length(1, 100),
 				validation.Match(DefaultIdRegex),
-				validation.By(validators.UniqueId(validator.app.DB(), validator.new.TableName())),
+				validation.By(validators.UniqueId(validator.app.ConcurrentDB(), validator.new.TableName())),
 			).Else(
 				validation.By(validators.Equal(validator.original.Id)),
 			),
@@ -268,7 +272,7 @@ func (validator *collectionValidator) checkFieldDuplicates(value any) error {
 				strconv.Itoa(i): validation.Errors{
 					"name": validation.NewError(
 						"validation_duplicated_field_name",
-						fmt.Sprintf("Duplicated or invalid field name %q", field.GetName()),
+						"Duplicated or invalid field name {{.fieldName}}",
 					).SetParams(map[string]any{
 						"fieldName": field.GetName(),
 					}),
@@ -452,12 +456,12 @@ func (cv *collectionValidator) checkFieldsForUniqueIndex(value any) error {
 	for _, name := range names {
 		field := cv.new.Fields.GetByName(name)
 		if field == nil {
-			return validation.NewError("validation_missing_field", fmt.Sprintf("Invalid or missing field %q", name)).
+			return validation.NewError("validation_missing_field", "Invalid or missing field {{.fieldName}}").
 				SetParams(map[string]any{"fieldName": name})
 		}
 
-		if !dbutils.HasSingleColumnUniqueIndex(name, cv.new.Indexes) {
-			return validation.NewError("validation_missing_unique_constraint", fmt.Sprintf("The field %q doesn't have a UNIQUE constraint.", name)).
+		if _, ok := dbutils.FindSingleColumnUniqueIndex(cv.new.Indexes, name); !ok {
+			return validation.NewError("validation_missing_unique_constraint", "The field {{.fieldName}} doesn't have a UNIQUE constraint.").
 				SetParams(map[string]any{"fieldName": name})
 		}
 	}
@@ -485,7 +489,7 @@ func (validator *collectionValidator) checkRule(value any) error {
 		return nil // nothing to check
 	}
 
-	r := NewRecordFieldResolver(validator.app, validator.new, nil, true)
+	r := NewRecordFieldResolver(validator.app, validator.new, &RequestInfo{}, true)
 	_, err := search.FilterData(vStr).BuildExpr(r)
 	if err != nil {
 		return validation.NewError("validation_invalid_rule", "Invalid rule. Raw error: "+err.Error())
@@ -554,7 +558,7 @@ func (cv *collectionValidator) checkIndexes(value any) error {
 
 		// ensure that the index name is not used in another collection
 		var usedTblName string
-		_ = cv.app.DB().Select("tbl_name").
+		_ = cv.app.ConcurrentDB().Select("tbl_name").
 			From("sqlite_master").
 			AndWhere(dbx.HashExp{"type": "index"}).
 			AndWhere(dbx.NewExp("LOWER([[tbl_name]])!=LOWER({:oldName})", dbx.Params{"oldName": cv.original.Name})).
@@ -566,7 +570,7 @@ func (cv *collectionValidator) checkIndexes(value any) error {
 			return validation.Errors{
 				strconv.Itoa(i): validation.NewError(
 					"validation_existing_index_name",
-					"The index name is already used in "+usedTblName+" collection.",
+					"The index name is already used in {{.usedTableName}} collection.",
 				).SetParams(map[string]any{"usedTableName": usedTblName}),
 			}
 		}
@@ -608,6 +612,12 @@ func (cv *collectionValidator) checkIndexes(value any) error {
 				continue
 			}
 
+			// reset collate and sort since they are not important for the unique constraint
+			for i := range oldParsed.Columns {
+				oldParsed.Columns[i].Collate = ""
+				oldParsed.Columns[i].Sort = ""
+			}
+
 			oldParsedStr := oldParsed.Build()
 
 			for _, column := range oldParsed.Columns {
@@ -621,19 +631,29 @@ func (cv *collectionValidator) checkIndexes(value any) error {
 						newParsed := dbutils.ParseIndex(newIndex)
 
 						// exclude the non-important identifiers from the check
+						newParsed.SchemaName = oldParsed.SchemaName
 						newParsed.IndexName = oldParsed.IndexName
 						newParsed.TableName = oldParsed.TableName
 
+						// exclude partial constraints
+						newParsed.Where = oldParsed.Where
+
+						// reset collate and sort
+						for i := range newParsed.Columns {
+							newParsed.Columns[i].Collate = ""
+							newParsed.Columns[i].Sort = ""
+						}
+
 						if oldParsedStr == newParsed.Build() {
 							hasMatch = true
-							continue
+							break
 						}
 					}
 
 					if !hasMatch {
 						return validation.NewError(
-							"validation_unique_system_field_index_change",
-							fmt.Sprintf("Unique index definition on system fields (%q) cannot be changed.", f.GetName()),
+							"validation_invalid_unique_system_field_index",
+							"Unique index definition on system fields ({{.fieldName}}) is invalid or missing.",
 						).SetParams(map[string]any{"fieldName": f.GetName()})
 					}
 
@@ -650,10 +670,10 @@ func (cv *collectionValidator) checkIndexes(value any) error {
 	if cv.new.IsAuth() {
 		requiredNames := []string{FieldNameTokenKey, FieldNameEmail}
 		for _, name := range requiredNames {
-			if !dbutils.HasSingleColumnUniqueIndex(name, indexes) {
+			if _, ok := dbutils.FindSingleColumnUniqueIndex(indexes, name); !ok {
 				return validation.NewError(
 					"validation_missing_required_unique_index",
-					`Missing required unique index for field "`+name+`".`,
+					`Missing required unique index for field "{{.fieldName}}".`,
 				).SetParams(map[string]any{"fieldName": name})
 			}
 		}

core/collection_validate_test.go

@@ -319,8 +319,8 @@ func TestCollectionValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				c.ListRule = types.Pointer("!invalid")
 				c.ViewRule = types.Pointer("missing = 123")
 				c.CreateRule = types.Pointer("id = 123 && missing = 456")
-				c.UpdateRule = types.Pointer("(id = 123")
-				c.DeleteRule = types.Pointer("missing = 123")
+				c.UpdateRule = types.Pointer("@request.body.missing:changed = false")
+				c.DeleteRule = types.Pointer("(id=123")
 				return c, nil
 			},
 			expectedErrors: []string{"listRule", "viewRule", "createRule", "updateRule", "deleteRule"},
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ func TestCollectionValidate(t *testing.T) {
 				c.ListRule = types.Pointer("")
 				c.ViewRule = types.Pointer("f1 = 123")
 				c.CreateRule = types.Pointer("id = 123 && f1 = 456")
-				c.UpdateRule = types.Pointer("(id = 123)")
+				c.UpdateRule = types.Pointer("(id = 123 && @request.body.f1:changed = false)")
 				c.DeleteRule = types.Pointer("f1 = 123")
 				return c, nil
 			},
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ func TestCollectionValidate(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedErrors: []string{"indexes"},
 		},
 		{
-			name: "changing index on system field",
+			name: "changing partial constraint of existing index on system field",
 			collection: func(app core.App) (*core.Collection, error) {
 				demo2, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
 				if err != nil {
@@ -571,7 +571,91 @@ func TestCollectionValidate(t *testing.T) {
 
 				// replace the index with a partial one
 				demo2.RemoveIndex("idx_unique_demo2_title")
-				demo2.AddIndex("idx_unique_demo2_title", true, "title", "1 = 1")
+				demo2.AddIndex("idx_new_demo2_title", true, "title", "1 = 1")
+
+				return demo2, nil
+			},
+			expectedErrors: []string{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "changing column sort and collate of existing index on system field",
+			collection: func(app core.App) (*core.Collection, error) {
+				demo2, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// mark the title field as system
+				demo2.Fields.GetByName("title").SetSystem(true)
+				if err = app.Save(demo2); err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// refresh
+				demo2, err = app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// replace the index with a new one for the same column but with collate and sort
+				demo2.RemoveIndex("idx_unique_demo2_title")
+				demo2.AddIndex("idx_new_demo2_title", true, "title COLLATE test ASC", "")
+
+				return demo2, nil
+			},
+			expectedErrors: []string{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "adding new column to index on system field",
+			collection: func(app core.App) (*core.Collection, error) {
+				demo2, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// mark the title field as system
+				demo2.Fields.GetByName("title").SetSystem(true)
+				if err = app.Save(demo2); err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// refresh
+				demo2, err = app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// replace the index with a non-unique one
+				demo2.RemoveIndex("idx_unique_demo2_title")
+				demo2.AddIndex("idx_new_title", false, "title, id", "")
+
+				return demo2, nil
+			},
+			expectedErrors: []string{"indexes"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "changing index type on system field",
+			collection: func(app core.App) (*core.Collection, error) {
+				demo2, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// mark the title field as system
+				demo2.Fields.GetByName("title").SetSystem(true)
+				if err = app.Save(demo2); err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// refresh
+				demo2, err = app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				// replace the index with a non-unique one (partial constraints are ignored)
+				demo2.RemoveIndex("idx_unique_demo2_title")
+				demo2.AddIndex("idx_new_title", false, "title", "1=1")
 
 				return demo2, nil
 			},
@@ -620,7 +704,7 @@ func TestCollectionValidate(t *testing.T) {
 			collection: func(app core.App) (*core.Collection, error) {
 				c := core.NewBaseCollection("new_auth")
 				c.Fields = core.NewFieldsList(
-					&core.TextField{Name: "id", PrimaryKey: true, Required: true},
+					&core.TextField{Name: "id", PrimaryKey: true, Required: true, Pattern: `\w+`},
 				)
 				return c, nil
 			},
@@ -631,7 +715,7 @@ func TestCollectionValidate(t *testing.T) {
 			collection: func(app core.App) (*core.Collection, error) {
 				c := core.NewBaseCollection("new_auth")
 				c.Fields = core.NewFieldsList(
-					&core.TextField{Name: "id", PrimaryKey: true, Required: true},
+					&core.TextField{Name: "id", PrimaryKey: true, Required: true, Pattern: `\w+`},
 					&core.TextField{Id: "f1", Name: "Test"}, // case-insensitive
 					&core.BoolField{Id: "f2", Name: "test"},
 				)

core/db.go

@@ -59,19 +59,19 @@ func GenerateDefaultRandomId() string {
 
 // crc32Checksum generates a stringified crc32 checksum from the provided plain string.
 func crc32Checksum(str string) string {
-	return strconv.Itoa(int(crc32.ChecksumIEEE([]byte(str))))
+	return strconv.FormatInt(int64(crc32.ChecksumIEEE([]byte(str))), 10)
 }
 
-// ModelQuery creates a new preconfigured select app.DB() query with preset
+// ModelQuery creates a new preconfigured select data.db query with preset
 // SELECT, FROM and other common fields based on the provided model.
 func (app *BaseApp) ModelQuery(m Model) *dbx.SelectQuery {
-	return app.modelQuery(app.DB(), m)
+	return app.modelQuery(app.ConcurrentDB(), m)
 }
 
-// AuxModelQuery creates a new preconfigured select app.AuxDB() query with preset
+// AuxModelQuery creates a new preconfigured select auxiliary.db query with preset
 // SELECT, FROM and other common fields based on the provided model.
 func (app *BaseApp) AuxModelQuery(m Model) *dbx.SelectQuery {
-	return app.modelQuery(app.AuxDB(), m)
+	return app.modelQuery(app.AuxConcurrentDB(), m)
 }
 
 func (app *BaseApp) modelQuery(db dbx.Builder, m Model) *dbx.SelectQuery {
@@ -116,8 +116,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) delete(ctx context.Context, model Model, isForAuxDB bool) er
 
 	deleteErr := app.OnModelDelete().Trigger(event, func(e *ModelEvent) error {
 		pk := cast.ToString(e.Model.LastSavedPK())
-
-		if cast.ToString(pk) == "" {
+		if pk == "" {
 			return errors.New("the model can be deleted only if it is existing and has a non-empty primary key")
 		}
 
@@ -152,7 +151,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) delete(ctx context.Context, model Model, isForAuxDB bool) er
 
 	if app.txInfo != nil {
 		// execute later after the transaction has completed
-		app.txInfo.onAfterFunc(func(txErr error) error {
+		app.txInfo.OnComplete(func(txErr error) error {
 			if app.txInfo != nil && app.txInfo.parent != nil {
 				event.App = app.txInfo.parent
 			}
@@ -343,7 +342,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) create(ctx context.Context, model Model, withValidations boo
 
 	if app.txInfo != nil {
 		// execute later after the transaction has completed
-		app.txInfo.onAfterFunc(func(txErr error) error {
+		app.txInfo.OnComplete(func(txErr error) error {
 			if app.txInfo != nil && app.txInfo.parent != nil {
 				event.App = app.txInfo.parent
 			}
@@ -427,7 +426,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) update(ctx context.Context, model Model, withValidations boo
 
 	if app.txInfo != nil {
 		// execute later after the transaction has completed
-		app.txInfo.onAfterFunc(func(txErr error) error {
+		app.txInfo.OnComplete(func(txErr error) error {
 			if app.txInfo != nil && app.txInfo.parent != nil {
 				event.App = app.txInfo.parent
 			}
@@ -464,7 +463,7 @@ func validateCollectionId(app App, optTypes ...string) validation.RuleFunc {
 			return validation.NewError(
 				"validation_invalid_collection_type",
 				fmt.Sprintf("Invalid collection type - must be %s.", strings.Join(optTypes, ", ")),
-			).SetParams(map[string]any{"types": optTypes})
+			)
 		}
 
 		return nil
@@ -483,15 +482,15 @@ func validateRecordId(app App, collectionNameOrId string) validation.RuleFunc {
 			return validation.NewError("validation_invalid_collection", "Missing or invalid collection.")
 		}
 
-		var exists bool
+		var exists int
 
-		rowErr := app.DB().Select("(1)").
+		rowErr := app.ConcurrentDB().Select("(1)").
 			From(collection.Name).
 			AndWhere(dbx.HashExp{"id": id}).
 			Limit(1).
 			Row(&exists)
 
-		if rowErr != nil || !exists {
+		if rowErr != nil || exists == 0 {
 			return validation.NewError("validation_invalid_record", "Missing or invalid record.")
 		}
 

core/db_builder.go

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package core
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+
+	"github.com/pocketbase/dbx"
+)
+
+var _ dbx.Builder = (*dualDBBuilder)(nil)
+
+// note: expects both builder to use the same driver
+type dualDBBuilder struct {
+	concurrentDB    dbx.Builder
+	nonconcurrentDB dbx.Builder
+}
+
+// Select implements the [dbx.Builder.Select] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) Select(cols ...string) *dbx.SelectQuery {
+	return b.concurrentDB.Select(cols...)
+}
+
+// Model implements the [dbx.Builder.Model] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) Model(data interface{}) *dbx.ModelQuery {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.Model(data)
+}
+
+// GeneratePlaceholder implements the [dbx.Builder.GeneratePlaceholder] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) GeneratePlaceholder(i int) string {
+	return b.concurrentDB.GeneratePlaceholder(i)
+}
+
+// Quote implements the [dbx.Builder.Quote] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) Quote(str string) string {
+	return b.concurrentDB.Quote(str)
+}
+
+// QuoteSimpleTableName implements the [dbx.Builder.QuoteSimpleTableName] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) QuoteSimpleTableName(table string) string {
+	return b.concurrentDB.QuoteSimpleTableName(table)
+}
+
+// QuoteSimpleColumnName implements the [dbx.Builder.QuoteSimpleColumnName] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) QuoteSimpleColumnName(col string) string {
+	return b.concurrentDB.QuoteSimpleColumnName(col)
+}
+
+// QueryBuilder implements the [dbx.Builder.QueryBuilder] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) QueryBuilder() dbx.QueryBuilder {
+	return b.concurrentDB.QueryBuilder()
+}
+
+// Insert implements the [dbx.Builder.Insert] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) Insert(table string, cols dbx.Params) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.Insert(table, cols)
+}
+
+// Upsert implements the [dbx.Builder.Upsert] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) Upsert(table string, cols dbx.Params, constraints ...string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.Upsert(table, cols, constraints...)
+}
+
+// Update implements the [dbx.Builder.Update] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) Update(table string, cols dbx.Params, where dbx.Expression) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.Update(table, cols, where)
+}
+
+// Delete implements the [dbx.Builder.Delete] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) Delete(table string, where dbx.Expression) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.Delete(table, where)
+}
+
+// CreateTable implements the [dbx.Builder.CreateTable] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) CreateTable(table string, cols map[string]string, options ...string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.CreateTable(table, cols, options...)
+}
+
+// RenameTable implements the [dbx.Builder.RenameTable] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) RenameTable(oldName, newName string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.RenameTable(oldName, newName)
+}
+
+// DropTable implements the [dbx.Builder.DropTable] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) DropTable(table string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.DropTable(table)
+}
+
+// TruncateTable implements the [dbx.Builder.TruncateTable] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) TruncateTable(table string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.TruncateTable(table)
+}
+
+// AddColumn implements the [dbx.Builder.AddColumn] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) AddColumn(table, col, typ string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.AddColumn(table, col, typ)
+}
+
+// DropColumn implements the [dbx.Builder.DropColumn] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) DropColumn(table, col string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.DropColumn(table, col)
+}
+
+// RenameColumn implements the [dbx.Builder.RenameColumn] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) RenameColumn(table, oldName, newName string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.RenameColumn(table, oldName, newName)
+}
+
+// AlterColumn implements the [dbx.Builder.AlterColumn] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) AlterColumn(table, col, typ string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.AlterColumn(table, col, typ)
+}
+
+// AddPrimaryKey implements the [dbx.Builder.AddPrimaryKey] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) AddPrimaryKey(table, name string, cols ...string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.AddPrimaryKey(table, name, cols...)
+}
+
+// DropPrimaryKey implements the [dbx.Builder.DropPrimaryKey] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) DropPrimaryKey(table, name string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.DropPrimaryKey(table, name)
+}
+
+// AddForeignKey implements the [dbx.Builder.AddForeignKey] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) AddForeignKey(table, name string, cols, refCols []string, refTable string, options ...string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.AddForeignKey(table, name, cols, refCols, refTable, options...)
+}
+
+// DropForeignKey implements the [dbx.Builder.DropForeignKey] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) DropForeignKey(table, name string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.DropForeignKey(table, name)
+}
+
+// CreateIndex implements the [dbx.Builder.CreateIndex] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) CreateIndex(table, name string, cols ...string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.CreateIndex(table, name, cols...)
+}
+
+// CreateUniqueIndex implements the [dbx.Builder.CreateUniqueIndex] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) CreateUniqueIndex(table, name string, cols ...string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.CreateUniqueIndex(table, name, cols...)
+}
+
+// DropIndex implements the [dbx.Builder.DropIndex] interface method.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) DropIndex(table, name string) *dbx.Query {
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.DropIndex(table, name)
+}
+
+// NewQuery implements the [dbx.Builder.NewQuery] interface method by
+// routing the SELECT queries to the concurrent builder instance.
+func (b *dualDBBuilder) NewQuery(str string) *dbx.Query {
+	// note: technically INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE could also have CTE but since
+	// it is rare for now this scase is ignored to avoid unnecessary complicating the checks
+	trimmed := trimLeftSpaces(str)
+	if hasPrefixFold(trimmed, "SELECT") || hasPrefixFold(trimmed, "WITH") {
+		return b.concurrentDB.NewQuery(str)
+	}
+
+	return b.nonconcurrentDB.NewQuery(str)
+}
+
+var asciiSpace = [256]uint8{'\t': 1, '\n': 1, '\v': 1, '\f': 1, '\r': 1, ' ': 1}
+
+// note: similar to strings.Space() but without the right trim because it is not needed in our case
+func trimLeftSpaces(str string) string {
+	start := 0
+	for ; start < len(str); start++ {
+		c := str[start]
+		if c >= utf8.RuneSelf {
+			return strings.TrimLeftFunc(str[start:], unicode.IsSpace)
+		}
+		if asciiSpace[c] == 0 {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	return str[start:]
+}
+
+// note: the prefix is expected to be ASCII
+func hasPrefixFold(str, prefix string) bool {
+	if len(str) < len(prefix) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return strings.EqualFold(str[:len(prefix)], prefix)
+}

core/db_connect.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ func DefaultDBConnect(dbPath string) (*dbx.DB, error) {
 	// Note: the busy_timeout pragma must be first because
 	// the connection needs to be set to block on busy before WAL mode
 	// is set in case it hasn't been already set by another connection.
-	pragmas := "?_pragma=busy_timeout(10000)&_pragma=journal_mode(WAL)&_pragma=journal_size_limit(200000000)&_pragma=synchronous(NORMAL)&_pragma=foreign_keys(ON)&_pragma=temp_store(MEMORY)&_pragma=cache_size(-16000)"
+	pragmas := "?_pragma=busy_timeout(10000)&_pragma=journal_mode(WAL)&_pragma=journal_size_limit(200000000)&_pragma=synchronous(NORMAL)&_pragma=foreign_keys(ON)&_pragma=temp_store(MEMORY)&_pragma=cache_size(-32000)"
 
 	db, err := dbx.Open("sqlite", dbPath+pragmas)
 	if err != nil {

core/db_retry.go

@@ -46,14 +46,16 @@ func baseLockRetry(op func(attempt int) error, maxRetries int) error {
 Retry:
 	err := op(attempt)
 
-	if err != nil &&
-		attempt <= maxRetries &&
-		// we are checking the plain error text to handle both cgo and noncgo errors
-		strings.Contains(err.Error(), "database is locked") {
-		// wait and retry
-		time.Sleep(getDefaultRetryInterval(attempt))
-		attempt++
-		goto Retry
+	if err != nil && attempt <= maxRetries {
+		errStr := err.Error()
+		// we are checking the error against the plain error texts since the codes could vary between drivers
+		if strings.Contains(errStr, "database is locked") ||
+			strings.Contains(errStr, "table is locked") {
+			// wait and retry
+			time.Sleep(getDefaultRetryInterval(attempt))
+			attempt++
+			goto Retry
+		}
 	}
 
 	return err

core/db_retry_test.go

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ func TestBaseLockRetry(t *testing.T) {
 		{nil, 3, 1},
 		{errors.New("test"), 3, 1},
 		{errors.New("database is locked"), 3, 3},
+		{errors.New("table is locked"), 3, 3},
 	}
 
 	for i, s := range scenarios {

core/db_table.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 func (app *BaseApp) TableColumns(tableName string) ([]string, error) {
 	columns := []string{}
 
-	err := app.DB().NewQuery("SELECT name FROM PRAGMA_TABLE_INFO({:tableName})").
+	err := app.ConcurrentDB().NewQuery("SELECT name FROM PRAGMA_TABLE_INFO({:tableName})").
 		Bind(dbx.Params{"tableName": tableName}).
 		Column(&columns)
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ type TableInfoRow struct {
 func (app *BaseApp) TableInfo(tableName string) ([]*TableInfoRow, error) {
 	info := []*TableInfoRow{}
 
-	err := app.DB().NewQuery("SELECT * FROM PRAGMA_TABLE_INFO({:tableName})").
+	err := app.ConcurrentDB().NewQuery("SELECT * FROM PRAGMA_TABLE_INFO({:tableName})").
 		Bind(dbx.Params{"tableName": tableName}).
 		All(&info)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) TableIndexes(tableName string) (map[string]string, error) {
 		Sql  string
 	}{}
 
-	err := app.DB().Select("name", "sql").
+	err := app.ConcurrentDB().Select("name", "sql").
 		From("sqlite_master").
 		AndWhere(dbx.NewExp("sql is not null")).
 		AndWhere(dbx.HashExp{
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) TableIndexes(tableName string) (map[string]string, error) {
 // NB! Be aware that this method is vulnerable to SQL injection and the
 // "tableName" argument must come only from trusted input!
 func (app *BaseApp) DeleteTable(tableName string) error {
-	_, err := app.DB().NewQuery(fmt.Sprintf(
+	_, err := app.NonconcurrentDB().NewQuery(fmt.Sprintf(
 		"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS {{%s}}",
 		tableName,
 	)).Execute()
@@ -96,19 +96,19 @@ func (app *BaseApp) DeleteTable(tableName string) error {
 }
 
 // HasTable checks if a table (or view) with the provided name exists (case insensitive).
-// in the current app.DB() instance.
+// in the data.db.
 func (app *BaseApp) HasTable(tableName string) bool {
-	return app.hasTable(app.DB(), tableName)
+	return app.hasTable(app.ConcurrentDB(), tableName)
 }
 
 // AuxHasTable checks if a table (or view) with the provided name exists (case insensitive)
-// in the current app.AuxDB() instance.
+// in the auixiliary.db.
 func (app *BaseApp) AuxHasTable(tableName string) bool {
-	return app.hasTable(app.AuxDB(), tableName)
+	return app.hasTable(app.AuxConcurrentDB(), tableName)
 }
 
 func (app *BaseApp) hasTable(db dbx.Builder, tableName string) bool {
-	var exists bool
+	var exists int
 
 	err := db.Select("(1)").
 		From("sqlite_schema").
@@ -117,19 +117,17 @@ func (app *BaseApp) hasTable(db dbx.Builder, tableName string) bool {
 		Limit(1).
 		Row(&exists)
 
-	return err == nil && exists
+	return err == nil && exists > 0
 }
 
-// Vacuum executes VACUUM on the current app.DB() instance
-// in order to reclaim unused data db disk space.
+// Vacuum executes VACUUM on the data.db in order to reclaim unused data db disk space.
 func (app *BaseApp) Vacuum() error {
-	return app.vacuum(app.DB())
+	return app.vacuum(app.NonconcurrentDB())
 }
 
-// AuxVacuum executes VACUUM on the current app.AuxDB() instance
-// in order to reclaim unused auxiliary db disk space.
+// AuxVacuum executes VACUUM on the auxiliary.db in order to reclaim unused auxiliary db disk space.
 func (app *BaseApp) AuxVacuum() error {
-	return app.vacuum(app.AuxDB())
+	return app.vacuum(app.AuxNonconcurrentDB())
 }
 
 func (app *BaseApp) vacuum(db dbx.Builder) error {

core/db_table_test.go

@@ -202,10 +202,10 @@ func TestVacuum(t *testing.T) {
 	defer app.Cleanup()
 
 	calledQueries := []string{}
-	app.DB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+	app.NonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
 		calledQueries = append(calledQueries, sql)
 	}
-	app.DB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {
+	app.NonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {
 		calledQueries = append(calledQueries, sql)
 	}
 
@@ -229,10 +229,10 @@ func TestAuxVacuum(t *testing.T) {
 	defer app.Cleanup()
 
 	calledQueries := []string{}
-	app.AuxDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
+	app.AuxNonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).QueryLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, rows *sql.Rows, err error) {
 		calledQueries = append(calledQueries, sql)
 	}
-	app.AuxDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {
+	app.AuxNonconcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB).ExecLogFunc = func(ctx context.Context, t time.Duration, sql string, result sql.Result, err error) {
 		calledQueries = append(calledQueries, sql)
 	}
 

core/db_test.go

@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ func TestModelQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	modelsQuery := app.ModelQuery(&core.Collection{})
 	logsModelQuery := app.AuxModelQuery(&core.Collection{})
 
-	if app.DB() == modelsQuery.Info().Builder {
-		t.Fatalf("ModelQuery() is not using app.DB()")
+	if app.ConcurrentDB() == modelsQuery.Info().Builder {
+		t.Fatalf("ModelQuery() is not using app.ConcurrentDB()")
 	}
 
-	if app.AuxDB() == logsModelQuery.Info().Builder {
-		t.Fatalf("AuxModelQuery() is not using app.AuxDB()")
+	if app.AuxConcurrentDB() == logsModelQuery.Info().Builder {
+		t.Fatalf("AuxModelQuery() is not using app.AuxConcurrentDB()")
 	}
 
 	expectedSQL := "SELECT {{_collections}}.* FROM `_collections`"

core/db_tx.go

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func (app *BaseApp) createTxApp(tx *dbx.Tx, isForAuxDB bool) *BaseApp {
 		clone.nonconcurrentDB = tx
 	}
 
-	clone.txInfo = &txAppInfo{
+	clone.txInfo = &TxAppInfo{
 		parent:     app,
 		isForAuxDB: isForAuxDB,
 	}
@@ -68,22 +68,29 @@ func (app *BaseApp) createTxApp(tx *dbx.Tx, isForAuxDB bool) *BaseApp {
 	return &clone
 }
 
-type txAppInfo struct {
+// TxAppInfo represents an active transaction context associated to an existing app instance.
+type TxAppInfo struct {
 	parent     *BaseApp
 	afterFuncs []func(txErr error) error
 	mu         sync.Mutex
 	isForAuxDB bool
 }
 
-func (a *txAppInfo) onAfterFunc(fn func(txErr error) error) {
+// OnComplete registers the provided callback that will be invoked
+// once the related transaction ends (either completes successfully or rollbacked with an error).
+//
+// The callback receives the transaction error (if any) as its argument.
+// Any additional errors returned by the OnComplete callbacks will be
+// joined together with txErr when returning the final transaction result.
+func (a *TxAppInfo) OnComplete(fn func(txErr error) error) {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 
 	a.afterFuncs = append(a.afterFuncs, fn)
 }
 
-// note: can be called only once because txAppInfo is cleared
-func (a *txAppInfo) runAfterFuncs(txErr error) error {
+// note: can be called only once because TxAppInfo is cleared
+func (a *TxAppInfo) runAfterFuncs(txErr error) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	defer a.mu.Unlock()
 

core/db_tx_test.go

@@ -168,16 +168,28 @@ func TestTransactionHooksCallsOnSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	app.OnModelAfterCreateSuccess().BindFunc(func(e *core.ModelEvent) error {
+		if e.App.IsTransactional() {
+			t.Fatal("Expected e.App to be non-transactional")
+		}
+
 		afterCreateHookCalls++
 		return e.Next()
 	})
 
 	app.OnModelAfterUpdateSuccess().BindFunc(func(e *core.ModelEvent) error {
+		if e.App.IsTransactional() {
+			t.Fatal("Expected e.App to be non-transactional")
+		}
+
 		afterUpdateHookCalls++
 		return e.Next()
 	})
 
 	app.OnModelAfterDeleteSuccess().BindFunc(func(e *core.ModelEvent) error {
+		if e.App.IsTransactional() {
+			t.Fatal("Expected e.App to be non-transactional")
+		}
+
 		afterDeleteHookCalls++
 		return e.Next()
 	})
@@ -233,3 +245,169 @@ func TestTransactionHooksCallsOnSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("Expected afterDeleteHookCalls to be called 1 time, got %d", afterDeleteHookCalls)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestTransactionFromInnerCreateHook(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	app.OnRecordCreateExecute("demo2").BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordEvent) error {
+		originalApp := e.App
+		return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+			e.App = txApp
+			defer func() {
+				e.App = originalApp
+			}()
+
+			nextErr := e.Next()
+
+			return nextErr
+		})
+	})
+
+	app.OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess("demo2").BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordEvent) error {
+		if e.App.IsTransactional() {
+			t.Fatal("Expected e.App to be non-transactional")
+		}
+
+		// perform a db query with the app instance to ensure that it is still valid
+		_, err := e.App.FindFirstRecordByFilter("demo2", "1=1")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to perform a db query after tx success: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		return e.Next()
+	})
+
+	collection, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	record := core.NewRecord(collection)
+
+	record.Set("title", "test_inner_tx")
+
+	if err = app.Save(record); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Create failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expectedHookCalls := map[string]int{
+		"OnRecordCreateExecute":      1,
+		"OnRecordAfterCreateSuccess": 1,
+	}
+	for k, total := range expectedHookCalls {
+		if found, ok := app.EventCalls[k]; !ok || total != found {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected %q %d calls, got %d", k, total, found)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTransactionFromInnerUpdateHook(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	app.OnRecordUpdateExecute("demo2").BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordEvent) error {
+		originalApp := e.App
+		return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+			e.App = txApp
+			defer func() {
+				e.App = originalApp
+			}()
+
+			nextErr := e.Next()
+
+			return nextErr
+		})
+	})
+
+	app.OnRecordAfterUpdateSuccess("demo2").BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordEvent) error {
+		if e.App.IsTransactional() {
+			t.Fatal("Expected e.App to be non-transactional")
+		}
+
+		// perform a db query with the app instance to ensure that it is still valid
+		_, err := e.App.FindFirstRecordByFilter("demo2", "1=1")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to perform a db query after tx success: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		return e.Next()
+	})
+
+	existingModel, err := app.FindFirstRecordByFilter("demo2", "1=1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err = app.Save(existingModel); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Update failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expectedHookCalls := map[string]int{
+		"OnRecordUpdateExecute":      1,
+		"OnRecordAfterUpdateSuccess": 1,
+	}
+	for k, total := range expectedHookCalls {
+		if found, ok := app.EventCalls[k]; !ok || total != found {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected %q %d calls, got %d", k, total, found)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTransactionFromInnerDeleteHook(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	app.OnRecordDeleteExecute("demo2").BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordEvent) error {
+		originalApp := e.App
+		return e.App.RunInTransaction(func(txApp core.App) error {
+			e.App = txApp
+			defer func() {
+				e.App = originalApp
+			}()
+
+			nextErr := e.Next()
+
+			return nextErr
+		})
+	})
+
+	app.OnRecordAfterDeleteSuccess("demo2").BindFunc(func(e *core.RecordEvent) error {
+		if e.App.IsTransactional() {
+			t.Fatal("Expected e.App to be non-transactional")
+		}
+
+		// perform a db query with the app instance to ensure that it is still valid
+		_, err := e.App.FindFirstRecordByFilter("demo2", "1=1")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to perform a db query after tx success: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		return e.Next()
+	})
+
+	existingModel, err := app.FindFirstRecordByFilter("demo2", "1=1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err = app.Delete(existingModel); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Delete failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expectedHookCalls := map[string]int{
+		"OnRecordDeleteExecute":      1,
+		"OnRecordAfterDeleteSuccess": 1,
+	}
+	for k, total := range expectedHookCalls {
+		if found, ok := app.EventCalls[k]; !ok || total != found {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected %q %d calls, got %d", k, total, found)
+		}
+	}
+}

core/event_request.go

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func (e *RequestEvent) HasSuperuserAuth() bool {
 // RequestInfo parses the current request into RequestInfo instance.
 //
 // Note that the returned result is cached to avoid copying the request data multiple times
-// but the auth state and other common store items are always refreshed in case they were changed my another handler.
+// but the auth state and other common store items are always refreshed in case they were changed by another handler.
 func (e *RequestEvent) RequestInfo() (*RequestInfo, error) {
 	e.mu.Lock()
 	defer e.mu.Unlock()
@@ -154,8 +154,10 @@ const (
 	RequestInfoContextExpand        = "expand"
 	RequestInfoContextRealtime      = "realtime"
 	RequestInfoContextProtectedFile = "protectedFile"
-	RequestInfoContextOAuth2        = "oauth2"
 	RequestInfoContextBatch         = "batch"
+	RequestInfoContextOAuth2        = "oauth2"
+	RequestInfoContextOTP           = "otp"
+	RequestInfoContextPasswordAuth  = "password"
 )
 
 // RequestInfo defines a HTTP request data struct, usually used

core/event_request_test.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ func TestEventRequestRealIP(t *testing.T) {
 		"CF-Connecting-IP": {"1.2.3.4", "1.1.1.1"},
 		"Fly-Client-IP":    {"1.2.3.4", "1.1.1.2"},
 		"X-Real-IP":        {"1.2.3.4", "1.1.1.3,1.1.1.4"},
-		"X-Forward-For":    {"1.2.3.4", "invalid,1.1.1.5,1.1.1.6,invalid"},
+		"X-Forwarded-For":  {"1.2.3.4", "invalid,1.1.1.5,1.1.1.6,invalid"},
 	}
 
 	scenarios := []struct {
@@ -44,28 +44,28 @@ func TestEventRequestRealIP(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			"trusted X-Real-IP (rightmost)",
 			headers,
-			[]string{"header1", "x-real-ip", "x-forward-for"},
+			[]string{"header1", "x-real-ip", "x-forwarded-for"},
 			false,
 			"1.1.1.4",
 		},
 		{
 			"trusted X-Real-IP (leftmost)",
 			headers,
-			[]string{"header1", "x-real-ip", "x-forward-for"},
+			[]string{"header1", "x-real-ip", "x-forwarded-for"},
 			true,
 			"1.1.1.3",
 		},
 		{
-			"trusted X-Forward-For (rightmost)",
+			"trusted X-Forwarded-For (rightmost)",
 			headers,
-			[]string{"header1", "x-forward-for"},
+			[]string{"header1", "x-forwarded-for"},
 			false,
 			"1.1.1.6",
 		},
 		{
-			"trusted X-Forward-For (leftmost)",
+			"trusted X-Forwarded-For (leftmost)",
 			headers,
-			[]string{"header1", "x-forward-for"},
+			[]string{"header1", "x-forwarded-for"},
 			true,
 			"1.1.1.5",
 		},

core/events.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package core
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"time"
 
@@ -103,6 +104,27 @@ type ServeEvent struct {
 	Router      *router.Router[*RequestEvent]
 	Server      *http.Server
 	CertManager *autocert.Manager
+
+	// Listener allow specifying a custom network listener.
+	//
+	// Leave it nil to use the default net.Listen("tcp", e.Server.Addr).
+	Listener net.Listener
+
+	// InstallerFunc is the "installer" function that is called after
+	// successful server tcp bind but only if there is no explicit
+	// superuser record created yet.
+	//
+	// It runs in a separate goroutine and its default value is [apis.DefaultInstallerFunc].
+	//
+	// It receives a system superuser record as argument that you can use to generate
+	// a short-lived auth token (e.g. systemSuperuser.NewStaticAuthToken(30 * time.Minute))
+	// and concatenate it as query param for your installer page
+	// (if you are using the client-side SDKs, you can then load the
+	// token with pb.authStore.save(token) and perform any Web API request
+	// e.g. creating a new superuser).
+	//
+	// Set it to nil if you want to skip the installer.
+	InstallerFunc func(app App, systemSuperuser *Record, baseURL string) error
 }
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -173,8 +195,8 @@ type ModelEvent struct {
 }
 
 type ModelErrorEvent struct {
-	ModelEvent
 	Error error
+	ModelEvent
 }
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -196,8 +218,8 @@ type RecordEvent struct {
 }
 
 type RecordErrorEvent struct {
-	RecordEvent
 	Error error
+	RecordEvent
 }
 
 func syncModelEventWithRecordEvent(me *ModelEvent, re *RecordEvent) {
@@ -216,6 +238,12 @@ func syncModelEventWithRecordEvent(me *ModelEvent, re *RecordEvent) {
 	// }
 }
 
+func syncRecordEventWithModelEvent(re *RecordEvent, me *ModelEvent) {
+	re.App = me.App
+	re.Context = me.Context
+	re.Type = me.Type
+}
+
 func newRecordEventFromModelEvent(me *ModelEvent) (*RecordEvent, bool) {
 	record, ok := me.Model.(*Record)
 	if !ok {
@@ -253,6 +281,11 @@ func syncModelErrorEventWithRecordErrorEvent(me *ModelErrorEvent, re *RecordErro
 	me.Error = re.Error
 }
 
+func syncRecordErrorEventWithModelErrorEvent(re *RecordErrorEvent, me *ModelErrorEvent) {
+	syncRecordEventWithModelEvent(&re.RecordEvent, &me.ModelEvent)
+	re.Error = me.Error
+}
+
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Collection events data
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -272,8 +305,8 @@ type CollectionEvent struct {
 }
 
 type CollectionErrorEvent struct {
-	CollectionEvent
 	Error error
+	CollectionEvent
 }
 
 func syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me *ModelEvent, ce *CollectionEvent) {
@@ -283,6 +316,15 @@ func syncModelEventWithCollectionEvent(me *ModelEvent, ce *CollectionEvent) {
 	me.Model = ce.Collection
 }
 
+func syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(ce *CollectionEvent, me *ModelEvent) {
+	ce.App = me.App
+	ce.Context = me.Context
+	ce.Type = me.Type
+	if c, ok := me.Model.(*Collection); ok {
+		ce.Collection = c
+	}
+}
+
 func newCollectionEventFromModelEvent(me *ModelEvent) (*CollectionEvent, bool) {
 	record, ok := me.Model.(*Collection)
 	if !ok {
@@ -316,6 +358,11 @@ func syncModelErrorEventWithCollectionErrorEvent(me *ModelErrorEvent, ce *Collec
 	me.Error = ce.Error
 }
 
+func syncCollectionErrorEventWithModelErrorEvent(ce *CollectionErrorEvent, me *ModelErrorEvent) {
+	syncCollectionEventWithModelEvent(&ce.CollectionEvent, &me.ModelEvent)
+	ce.Error = me.Error
+}
+
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
 // File API events data
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -337,6 +384,13 @@ type FileDownloadRequestEvent struct {
 	FileField  *FileField
 	ServedPath string
 	ServedName string
+
+	// ThumbError indicates the a thumb wasn't able to be generated
+	// (e.g. because it didn't satisfy the support image formats or it timed out).
+	//
+	// Note that PocketBase fallbacks to the original file in case of a thumb error,
+	// but developers can check the field and provide their own custom thumb generation if necessary.
+	ThumbError error
 }
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------

core/external_auth_query_test.go

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ func TestFindFirstExternalAuthByExpr(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for i, s := range scenarios {
-		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d_%v", i, s.expr.Build(app.DB().(*dbx.DB), dbx.Params{})), func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d_%v", i, s.expr.Build(app.ConcurrentDB().(*dbx.DB), dbx.Params{})), func(t *testing.T) {
 			result, err := app.FindFirstExternalAuthByExpr(s.expr)
 
 			hasErr := err != nil

core/field.go

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import (
 
 var fieldNameRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^\w+$`)
 
+const maxSafeJSONInt int64 = 1<<53 - 1
+
 // Commonly used field names.
 const (
 	FieldNameId              = "id"
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ func DefaultFieldIdValidationRule(value any) error {
 
 	rules := []validation.Rule{
 		validation.Required,
-		validation.Length(1, 255),
+		validation.Length(1, 100),
 	}
 
 	for _, r := range rules {
@@ -217,7 +219,7 @@ func DefaultFieldNameValidationRule(value any) error {
 
 	rules := []validation.Rule{
 		validation.Required,
-		validation.Length(1, 255),
+		validation.Length(1, 100),
 		validation.Match(fieldNameRegex),
 		validation.NotIn(excludeNames...),
 		validation.By(checkForVia),

core/field_autodate.go

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ func init() {
 
 const FieldTypeAutodate = "autodate"
 
+// used to keep track of the last set autodate value
+const autodateLastKnownPrefix = internalCustomFieldKeyPrefix + "_last_autodate_"
+
 var (
 	_ Field             = (*AutodateField)(nil)
 	_ SetterFinder      = (*AutodateField)(nil)
@@ -167,24 +170,46 @@ func (f *AutodateField) Intercept(
 	actionFunc func() error,
 ) error {
 	switch actionName {
-	case InterceptorActionCreate:
-		// ignore for custom date manually set with record.SetRaw()
-		if f.OnCreate && !f.hasBeenManuallyChanged(record) {
-			record.SetRaw(f.Name, types.NowDateTime())
+	case InterceptorActionCreateExecute:
+		// ignore if a date different from the old one was manually set with SetRaw
+		if f.OnCreate && record.GetDateTime(f.Name).Equal(f.getLastKnownValue(record)) {
+			now := types.NowDateTime()
+			record.SetRaw(f.Name, now)
+			record.SetRaw(autodateLastKnownPrefix+f.Name, now) // eagerly set so that it can be renewed on resave after failure
 		}
-	case InterceptorActionUpdate:
-		// ignore for custom date manually set with record.SetRaw()
-		if f.OnUpdate && !f.hasBeenManuallyChanged(record) {
-			record.SetRaw(f.Name, types.NowDateTime())
+
+		if err := actionFunc(); err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
+
+		record.SetRaw(autodateLastKnownPrefix+f.Name, record.GetRaw(f.Name))
+
+		return nil
+	case InterceptorActionUpdateExecute:
+		// ignore if a date different from the old one was manually set with SetRaw
+		if f.OnUpdate && record.GetDateTime(f.Name).Equal(f.getLastKnownValue(record)) {
+			now := types.NowDateTime()
+			record.SetRaw(f.Name, now)
+			record.SetRaw(autodateLastKnownPrefix+f.Name, now) // eagerly set so that it can be renewed on resave after failure
+		}
+
+		if err := actionFunc(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		record.SetRaw(autodateLastKnownPrefix+f.Name, record.GetRaw(f.Name))
+
+		return nil
+	default:
+		return actionFunc()
+	}
+}
+
+func (f *AutodateField) getLastKnownValue(record *Record) types.DateTime {
+	v := record.GetDateTime(autodateLastKnownPrefix + f.Name)
+	if !v.IsZero() {
+		return v
 	}
 
-	return actionFunc()
-}
-
-func (f *AutodateField) hasBeenManuallyChanged(record *Record) bool {
-	vNew, _ := record.GetRaw(f.Name).(types.DateTime)
-	vOld, _ := record.Original().GetRaw(f.Name).(types.DateTime)
-
-	return vNew.String() != vOld.String()
+	return record.Original().GetDateTime(f.Name)
 }

core/field_autodate_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package core_test
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tests"
+	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/hook"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/types"
 )
 
@@ -226,6 +228,13 @@ func TestAutodateFieldFindSetter(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func cutMilliseconds(datetime string) string {
+	if len(datetime) > 19 {
+		return datetime[:19]
+	}
+	return datetime
+}
+
 func TestAutodateFieldIntercept(t *testing.T) {
 	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
 	defer app.Cleanup()
@@ -255,7 +264,7 @@ func TestAutodateFieldIntercept(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			"create with zero value (disabled onCreate)",
-			core.InterceptorActionCreate,
+			core.InterceptorActionCreateExecute,
 			&core.AutodateField{Name: "test", OnCreate: false, OnUpdate: true},
 			func() *core.Record {
 				return core.NewRecord(collection)
@@ -264,7 +273,7 @@ func TestAutodateFieldIntercept(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			"create with zero value",
-			core.InterceptorActionCreate,
+			core.InterceptorActionCreateExecute,
 			&core.AutodateField{Name: "test", OnCreate: true, OnUpdate: true},
 			func() *core.Record {
 				return core.NewRecord(collection)
@@ -273,7 +282,7 @@ func TestAutodateFieldIntercept(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			"create with non-zero value",
-			core.InterceptorActionCreate,
+			core.InterceptorActionCreateExecute,
 			&core.AutodateField{Name: "test", OnCreate: true, OnUpdate: true},
 			func() *core.Record {
 				record := core.NewRecord(collection)
@@ -284,7 +293,7 @@ func TestAutodateFieldIntercept(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			"update with zero value (disabled onUpdate)",
-			core.InterceptorActionUpdate,
+			core.InterceptorActionUpdateExecute,
 			&core.AutodateField{Name: "test", OnCreate: true, OnUpdate: false},
 			func() *core.Record {
 				return core.NewRecord(collection)
@@ -293,7 +302,7 @@ func TestAutodateFieldIntercept(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			"update with zero value",
-			core.InterceptorActionUpdate,
+			core.InterceptorActionUpdateExecute,
 			&core.AutodateField{Name: "test", OnCreate: true, OnUpdate: true},
 			func() *core.Record {
 				return core.NewRecord(collection)
@@ -302,7 +311,7 @@ func TestAutodateFieldIntercept(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			"update with non-zero value",
-			core.InterceptorActionUpdate,
+			core.InterceptorActionUpdateExecute,
 			&core.AutodateField{Name: "test", OnCreate: true, OnUpdate: true},
 			func() *core.Record {
 				record := core.NewRecord(collection)
@@ -341,9 +350,92 @@ func TestAutodateFieldIntercept(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func cutMilliseconds(datetime string) string {
-	if len(datetime) > 19 {
-		return datetime[:19]
+func TestAutodateRecordResave(t *testing.T) {
+	app, _ := tests.NewTestApp()
+	defer app.Cleanup()
+
+	collection, err := app.FindCollectionByNameOrId("demo2")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	record, err := app.FindRecordById(collection, "llvuca81nly1qls")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	lastUpdated := record.GetDateTime("updated")
+
+	// save with autogenerated date
+	err = app.Save(record)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	newUpdated := record.GetDateTime("updated")
+	if newUpdated.Equal(lastUpdated) {
+		t.Fatalf("[0] Expected updated to change, got %v", newUpdated)
+	}
+	lastUpdated = newUpdated
+
+	// save with custom date
+	manualUpdated := lastUpdated.Add(-1 * time.Minute)
+	record.SetRaw("updated", manualUpdated)
+	err = app.Save(record)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	newUpdated = record.GetDateTime("updated")
+	if !newUpdated.Equal(manualUpdated) {
+		t.Fatalf("[1] Expected updated to be the manual set date %v, got %v", manualUpdated, newUpdated)
+	}
+	lastUpdated = newUpdated
+
+	// save again with autogenerated date
+	err = app.Save(record)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	newUpdated = record.GetDateTime("updated")
+	if newUpdated.Equal(lastUpdated) {
+		t.Fatalf("[2] Expected updated to change, got %v", newUpdated)
+	}
+	lastUpdated = newUpdated
+
+	// simulate save failure
+	app.OnRecordUpdateExecute(collection.Id).Bind(&hook.Handler[*core.RecordEvent]{
+		Id: "test_failure",
+		Func: func(*core.RecordEvent) error {
+			return errors.New("test")
+		},
+		Priority: 9999999999, // as latest as possible
+	})
+
+	// save again with autogenerated date (should fail)
+	err = app.Save(record)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Expected save failure")
+	}
+
+	// updated should still be set even after save failure
+	newUpdated = record.GetDateTime("updated")
+	if newUpdated.Equal(lastUpdated) {
+		t.Fatalf("[3] Expected updated to change, got %v", newUpdated)
+	}
+	lastUpdated = newUpdated
+
+	// cleanup the error and resave again
+	app.OnRecordUpdateExecute(collection.Id).Unbind("test_failure")
+
+	err = app.Save(record)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	newUpdated = record.GetDateTime("updated")
+	if newUpdated.Equal(lastUpdated) {
+		t.Fatalf("[4] Expected updated to change, got %v", newUpdated)
 	}
-	return datetime
 }

core/field_editor.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package core
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 
 	validation "github.com/go-ozzo/ozzo-validation/v4"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core/validators"
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ type EditorField struct {
 
 	// ---
 
-	// MaxSize specifies the maximum size of the allowed field value (in bytes).
+	// MaxSize specifies the maximum size of the allowed field value (in bytes and up to 2^53-1).
 	//
 	// If zero, a default limit of ~5MB is applied.
 	MaxSize int64 `form:"maxSize" json:"maxSize"`
@@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ func (f *EditorField) ValidateValue(ctx context.Context, app App, record *Record
 	if int64(len(val)) > maxSize {
 		return validation.NewError(
 			"validation_content_size_limit",
-			fmt.Sprintf("The maximum allowed content size is %v bytes", maxSize),
+			"The maximum allowed content size is {{.maxSize}} bytes",
 		).SetParams(map[string]any{"maxSize": maxSize})
 	}
 
@@ -149,7 +148,7 @@ func (f *EditorField) ValidateSettings(ctx context.Context, app App, collection
 	return validation.ValidateStruct(f,
 		validation.Field(&f.Id, validation.By(DefaultFieldIdValidationRule)),
 		validation.Field(&f.Name, validation.By(DefaultFieldNameValidationRule)),
-		validation.Field(&f.MaxSize, validation.Min(0)),
+		validation.Field(&f.MaxSize, validation.Min(0), validation.Max(maxSafeJSONInt)),
 	)
 }
 

core/field_editor_test.go

@@ -206,6 +206,17 @@ func TestEditorFieldValidateSettings(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			[]string{},
 		},
+		{
+			"MaxSize > safe json int",
+			func() *core.EditorField {
+				return &core.EditorField{
+					Id:      "test",
+					Name:    "test",
+					MaxSize: 1 << 53,
+				}
+			},
+			[]string{"maxSize"},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, s := range scenarios {

core/field_file.go

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ import (
 	"database/sql/driver"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"log"
 	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 
 	validation "github.com/go-ozzo/ozzo-validation/v4"
-	"github.com/pocketbase/dbx"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/core/validators"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/filesystem"
 	"github.com/pocketbase/pocketbase/tools/list"
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ type FileField struct {
 
 	// ---
 
-	// MaxSize specifies the maximum size of a single uploaded file (in bytes).
+	// MaxSize specifies the maximum size of a single uploaded file (in bytes and up to 2^53-1).
 	//
 	// If zero, a default limit of 5MB is applied.
 	MaxSize int64 `form:"maxSize" json:"maxSize"`
@@ -223,8 +223,8 @@ func (f *FileField) ValidateSettings(ctx context.Context, app App, collection *C
 	return validation.ValidateStruct(f,
 		validation.Field(&f.Id, validation.By(DefaultFieldIdValidationRule)),
 		validation.Field(&f.Name, validation.By(DefaultFieldNameValidationRule)),
-		validation.Field(&f.MaxSelect, validation.Min(0)),
-		validation.Field(&f.MaxSize, validation.Min(0)),
+		validation.Field(&f.MaxSelect, validation.Min(0), validation.Max(maxSafeJSONInt)),
+		validation.Field(&f.MaxSize, validation.Min(0), validation.Max(maxSafeJSONInt)),
 		validation.Field(&f.Thumbs, validation.Each(
 			validation.NotIn("0x0", "0x0t", "0x0b", "0x0f"),
 			validation.Match(filesystem.ThumbSizeRegex),
@@ -250,13 +250,22 @@ func (f *FileField) ValidateValue(ctx context.Context, app App, record *Record)
 	addedStrings := f.excludeFiles(existingStrings, oldExistingStrings)
 
 	if len(addedStrings) > 0 {
-		return validation.NewError("validation_invalid_file", "Invalid files:"+strings.Join(cast.ToStringSlice(addedStrings), ", ")).
-			SetParams(map[string]any{"invalidFiles": addedStrings})
+		invalidFiles := make([]string, len(addedStrings))
+		for i, invalid := range addedStrings {
+			invalidStr := cast.ToString(invalid)
+			if len(invalidStr) > 250 {
+				invalidStr = invalidStr[:250]
+			}
+			invalidFiles[i] = invalidStr
+		}
+
+		return validation.NewError("validation_invalid_file", "Invalid new files: {{.invalidFiles}}.").
+			SetParams(map[string]any{"invalidFiles": invalidFiles})
 	}
 
 	maxSelect := f.maxSelect()
 	if len(files) > maxSelect {
-		return validation.NewError("validation_too_many_files", fmt.Sprintf("The maximum allowed files is %d", maxSelect)).
+		return validation.NewError("validation_too_many_files", "The maximum allowed files is {{.maxSelect}}").
 			SetParams(map[string]any{"maxSelect": maxSelect})
 	}
 
@@ -347,8 +356,7 @@ func (f *FileField) Intercept(
 		return nil
 	case InterceptorActionAfterCreateError, InterceptorActionAfterUpdateError:
 		// when in transaction we assume that the error was handled by afterRecordExecuteFailure
-		_, insideTransaction := app.DB().(*dbx.Tx)
-		if insideTransaction {
+		if app.IsTransactional() {
 			return actionFunc()
 		}
 
@@ -391,7 +399,7 @@ func (f *FileField) Intercept(
 }
 func (f *FileField) getLatestOldValue(app App, record *Record) any {
 	if !record.IsNew() {
-		latestOriginal, err := app.FindRecordById(record.Collection(), record.Id)
+		latestOriginal, err := app.FindRecordById(record.Collection(), cast.ToString(record.LastSavedPK()))
 		if err == nil {
 			return latestOriginal.GetRaw(f.Name)
 		}
@@ -628,7 +636,13 @@ func (f *FileField) FindGetter(key string) GetterFunc {
 		return func(record *Record) any {
 			return record.GetRaw(f.Name)
 		}
+	case f.Name + ":unsaved":
+		return func(record *Record) any {
+			return f.extractUploadableFiles(f.toSliceValue(record.GetRaw(f.Name)))
+		}
 	case f.Name + ":uploaded":
+		// deprecated
+		log.Println("[file field getter] please replace :uploaded with :unsaved")
 		return func(record *Record) any {
 			return f.extractUploadableFiles(f.toSliceValue(record.GetRaw(f.Name)))
 		}
@@ -739,14 +753,14 @@ func (f *FileField) toSliceValue(raw any) []any {
 }
 
 func (f *FileField) uniqueFiles(files []any) []any {
-	existing := make(map[string]struct{}, len(files))
+	found := make(map[string]struct{}, len(files))
 	result := make([]any, 0, len(files))
 
 	for _, fv := range files {
 		name := f.getFileName(fv)
-		if _, ok := existing[name]; !ok {
+		if _, ok := found[name]; !ok {
 			result = append(result, fv)
-			existing[name] = struct{}{}
+			found[name] = struct{}{}
 		}
 	}